Transcript ncor.buffalo.edu

How to create and deliver a good
powerpoint presentation
Barry Smith
Department of Philosophy
University at Buffalo
1
Creating
─ Font size - 32pt or larger
─ Color
─ Include slide numbers
─ Design, slide master
─ Paste x 4
─ Minimalism vs. Creativity
– Animations, images
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3
What is wrong with animations and
images
• childish
• makes scrolling back to answer a question
hard
• distracting
4
Presenting
• Telegraph vs. military briefing style
5
UNCLASSIFIED
C2 CPM Portal
C2-Specific Tools, Capabilities & References
UNCLASSIFIED. Approved for unlimited public release
C2 CPM Governance
DoD Policy & Governance
Links to
Use
Submissions
to MDR
Links to
Presenting
•
•
•
•
•
Telegraph vs. military briefing style
Fix errrrs as you go along
1 minute per slide, plus 20% reserve
Feel free to use ‘Normal’ view
Use wide margins all the way round
7
Finance Ontology
Barry Smith
November 10, 2014
https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=OzW3Gc_yA9A
It is 2013, Do you Know
Where Your Money is?
http://www.omg.org/hot-topics/documents/fibo/It_is_2013do_you_know_where_your_money_is.pdf
Dennis E. Wisnosky
Founder, Wizdom Systems, Inc.
A Bed Time Story!
Once upon a time, there were no
standard definitions of financial terms
and the financial institutions could
interpret the meaning of the rules and
regulations of the industry each in
their own way.
Thank you Daniel Pink!
3/4/2014
www.wizdom.com
1
1
Everyday, new financial instruments
and transaction types were invented.
One day, major companies in business
for many decades began to collapse
and lead the world into general
economic depression.
3/4/2014
www.wizdom.com
1
2
Because of that, regulators struggled
mightily to understand the condition
of the world’s economy and it became
clear that the companies themselves
did not know their true financial
exposure.
www.wizdom.com
3/4/2014
5
They did not know the Provenance the
TRUTH, about their data!
Because of that, an effort was launched
by the industry to develop a Financial
Industry Business Ontology (FIBO) - a
common vocabulary based on
international standards, that would
enable companies to better
communicate within and among
themselves and would enable regulators
to perform meaningful oversight as
required by laws.
3/4/2014
www.wizdom.com
1
4
Until finally, the dual purpose of
reducing the cost of manufacturing
data required by law became de
minimis and Congress and regulators
were confident of the provenance of
answers to their questions of the
industry.
And, They All Lived Happily Everafter!
3/4/2014
www.wizdom.com
1
5
What lessons have we learned from
Lehman?
Traders on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange on Sept. 15, 2008, the day of the
collapse of Lehman Brothers. (Andrew Harrer, Bloomberg / September 10, 2013)
http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/columnists/ct-biz-0915-phil20130915,0,5125535.column
3/4/2014
www.wizdom.com
16
The Feds Act!
Dodd-Frank nearly 3000 pages
Must be Interpreted by:
OFR
CFTC
ECB
SEC
3/4/2014
OCC
FRB
www.wizdom.com
20
The Industry Cries Foul!
“The need to create useful data rather than just
lots of data comes as large global institutions
face expenditures ranging from $150 million to
$350 million each to comply with new postcredit crisis regulatory requirements in the
United States, Europe and elsewhere. That is
"significantly larger" than the level of
expenditures required previously for complying
with Sarbanes-Oxley Act, Markets in Financial
Instruments Directive and Basel II requirements,
www.wizdom.com
from before the crisis” Javier Perez-Tasso, head of marketing at SWIFT.
21
3/4/2014
– identification of legal entities,
their jurisdictions and ownership
control hierarchies
– Identification of financial
contracts and instruments
– classification and data linkage for
aggregation
– actionable risk intelligence
Requires Participation at all Levels
3/4/2014
www.wizdom.com
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Enterprise Data Management Council
(EDMC) FIBO Participants
Wells Fargo chairs the EDM Council’s Semantic Technology Program,
interfaces directly with regulatory authorities and leads the working group
that is responsible for constructing the operational capabilities of FIBO
3/4/2014
www.wizdom.com
20
FIBO Foundations
OMG-EDMC Draft Standard
FIBO Foundations Ontology
Common business modeling framework
Common relations
Roles
Goals, Objectives
Agents, People
Organizations
Agreements
Law
Control, Ownership
Accounting
• FIBO Foundations provides the basic conceptual “Glue”
• Common abstractions grounded in law and business
Michael Bennett EDMC
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FIBO Business Entities
OMG-EDMC – Draft Spec
FIBO Business Entities Ontology
Entity Types
Legal Persons
Formal Organization
Corporations
Partnerships
Trusts
Ownership
Control
By Function
Legal Entity ID
Michael Bennett EDMC
• Organizational hierarchies / relationships
Michael Bennett EDMC
22
The Financial Industry
Business Ontology
Ontology Summit 2013:
Ontology Evaluation Across the Ontology Lifecycle
David Newman
Strategic Planning Manager, Senior Vice President, Enterprise Architecture
Chair, Semantic Technology Program, EDM Council
May 2, 2013
FIBO Conceptual Ontology
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Legal Entity Ownership and Control
Relationships can be Queried and Displayed
Semantic web
enables data
visualizations which
are more holistic and
descriptive than
basic columnar views
FIBO aligns with LEI
Legend
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The Financial Industry Business
Ontology
Demystifying Financial Industry Semantics
March 13 2012
Confidential
1
The View From My Place
Some
banks
Confidential
The View From My Place
Some
banks
Some IT Firms
Confidential
Data Governance
• A Bank is in essence an IT Company
– Software manufacturing
– Data production, consumption,
– Information supply chain
• So how do we manage the business
view of data?
– Language interface business to IT
– Conceptual model
Confidential
Copyright © 2010 EDM Council Inc.
5
Conceptual Model for Data
Conceptual Model (Semantics)
Realise
Logical Model (Design)
Implement
Physical Model (Implementation specific)
Confidential
Copyright © 2010 EDM Council Inc.
3
Example “Thing”: Equity
• Real world definition of Equity:
"An equity is a financial instrument setting
out a number of terms which define rights
and benefits to the holder in relation to
their holding a portion of the equity within
the issuing company".
Confidential
23 June 2010
32
What is an Equity?
Or to put it another way…
Financial
Instrument
Equity
Is a kind of
Equity
security
In relation to
Instrument
Terms
Has rights defined in
Confidential
23 June 2010
33
Lessons Learned
• Putting something into RDF/OWL does not
make it meaningful
– Only you can do that
• So, what is a meaningful model
– 1. Formal relationship between model and subject
matter:
• “Everything is a Thing”
– 2. Formal notation grounded in common logic
– 3. Abstraction of kinds of thing into their simplest
possible building blocks
• Contracts, Parties, Legal Entities etc.
Confidential
What we want
• Business meanings
• In business language
• For business people
Confidential
What we want
• Business meanings
– Not data dictionary
• In business language
– Not a design
• For business people
– No funny symbols and things
– No language to learn
– Just the facts
– Boxes and lines – something like this…
Confidential
Sample screenshot 2:
Different types of Thing
Theory of Meaning – in English
• The model consists of:
– Things
• A Thing is a set theory construct
• Arranged in a hierarchy called a “Taxonomy”
– Like taxonomy of species
– Facts
• Simple facts (names, dates etc.)
– e.g. “Issue Date” is a date
• Relationship Facts (relate one thing to another thing)
– e.g. “Share confers Voting Rights”
– Things so referenced are also in taxonomic hierarchies
– Other set theory concepts
• Disjoints, Unions
Theory of Meaning – in English
• Taxonomy: Like Taxonomy of Species
– Animal v Plant
– Vertebrate v invertebrate
– Mammals, fish etc.
• Each thing is defined by what facts distinguish it
• For each new thing:
– What sort of thing is it?
– What facts distinguish it from other things?
• If it walks like a duck, swims like a duck and quacks
like a duck, it belongs to the set of all things that are
a duck
FIBO Status Update
FROM MIKE BENNETT,
http://www.slideshare.net/MikeHypercube1
Open Financial Data Group
Friday October 3rd 2014
Semantic Grounding for Businesses
What are the basic experiences or constructs relevant to business?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Monetary: profit / loss, assets / liabilities, equity
Law and Jurisdiction
Government, regulatory environment
Contracts, agreements, commitments
Products and Services
Other e.g. geopolitical, logistics
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Where does this lead?
• Taxonomy of kinds of contract
• Taxonomy of kinds of Rights
– Rights, Obligations are similar and reciprocal concepts
– Note that these don’t necessarily correspond to data
• Semantics of accounting concepts
– Equity, Debt in relation to assets, liabilities
– Cashflows etc.
• Semantics of countries, math, legal etc.
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Classification Requirements
• Classification schemes may be
– Monohierarchical
– Polyhierarchical
• Polyhierarchical classification depends on multiple
inheritance
– one class may have several parents
• A whale is both a marine animal and a mammal
• An IR Swap is both a Swap Contract and an Interest Rate Derivative
• There is no one right way to classify
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201
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ED
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Taxonomy
• Taxonomy:
– system that can be used to group, arrange, and describe
items according to meaningful principles, and which
provides users with an overview of the domain being
organized
• Lambe (2009)
• A taxonomy uses a classification scheme to arrange
the items in the domain of discourse
• A Taxonomy forms the basis for any ontology
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©
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Types and Datatypes
Data
types
Business Conceptual
Ontology (CIM)
Business
The Language Interface
Extract and Optimise
Technology
Data
types
Operational Ontology
(PSM)
Platform specific matter
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OWL Datatypes
• These are XML Schema datatypes
– Only a sub-set of XML Schema datatypes are supported
• OWL datatype provision therefore very limited
• Examples:
– 11am LIBOR – uses dateTime in FIBO-IND
– Coupon date – want to use XML gDayMonth
– Dates in general: have had to enforce the use of dateTime
with midnight times in data where only a date is intended
• This is not at all like a computationally independent
model
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Information Kinds
•
•
•
•
•
Names
Textual material
Dates and Times
Yes or No (or maybe)
Numbers
–
–
–
–
–
•
•
•
•
•
•
Whole numbers
Numbers with decimal places
Positive Numbers
Fractions
Percentages
URL
Pictures
Sounds
Words
Letters
And many more…
Datatypes
• Text
– Restricted text
– Unrestricted text
• Dates and Times
• Boolean
• Numeric datatypes
– Integer
– Float
– Positive integer, positive float
• URL/URI
• Other information kinds are rendered in files, for
example vector graphics, rich text, video and sound
formats
Relating information kinds to datatypes
• Different kinds of information need to be stored in a
computer
• Datatypes determine how these are stored for
optimum memory usage
– XML datatypes differ on this, in that textual conventions
are used to render different datatypes, which must then
be translated to application datatypes for processing if
needed
• Numeric datatypes allow for arithmetic calculations
on the data
• Textual datatypes allow for alphanumeric sorting
FIBO Conceptual Roadmap 2: Common Semantics
•
Transactions /REA Alignment
–
–
•
•
•
•
•
Social Constructs (Searle)
Geophysical v Geopolitical
Addresses
Date and Time
Occurrent (perdurant)
–
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Commitments
Transaction process
Temporality
Event / Activity /Process
Information Artifacts (identifiers etc.)
Mereology
Math
Units of Measure
Accounting
Business: services, policy, goals etc.
Risk
50
FIBO Development Scenario (September 2014)
Reference Data (product) Semantics
Dependency
4
Rate Based
Dependent on indices
X
4
Credit Default
Dependent on common
concepts for loans, common
debt terms, indices
X
Domain
Sub-Domain
RDF/
OWL
Class
Phase
Common Concepts
Derivatives
OTC Derivatives
Foreign Exchange
Commodity
7
Contracts for
Difference
X
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Dependent on equities,
bonds, common debt terms
X
Asset
Rights & Warrants
Dependent on common
concepts for all instruments
OMG = in standards process; RDF/OWL = in Web Ontology Language; Beta = Model Reviewed by SMEs;
Model = Modeled in Enterprise Architect;
x
10
Dependent on listed
instruments, derivatives,
indices
X
9
x
Exchange Traded
Collective
Investment
Vehicles
X
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8
Model
X
4
Beta
X
3
OMG
FIBO Development Scenario (September 2014)
Process Related Semantics
Domain
Sub-Domain
Dependency
Beta
Model
X
Common Issuance Process Terms
X
Equity Issuance (includes IPO, primary market)
Debt/Bonds Issuance (includes auction,
syndication and other issuance processes
X
Securities Issuance
RDF/
OWL
X
Corporate Actions and Events
OMG
X
Future Phase
Asset-Backed / Mortgage-Backed Issuance
(includes agency and non-agency)
Securities Transactions (includes
trade, post trade, clearing,
settlement)
X
OTC Derivatives Transactions
Payments Processing
Portfolio and Holdings
s
Sample screenshot 2:
Different types of Thing
Sample screenshot 2:
Different types of Thing
Sample screenshot 2:
Different types of Thing