Transcript Slide 1
1803 James Monroe – went to France He was instructed to explore the possibility of buying the port (city) of Louisiana Monroe was surprised when France offered the entire region for $15 Million Size of America had greatly increased People that would move into the new region tended to be Anti-Federalist Ruled that the act passed by Congress was unconstitutional Established the power of the Supreme Court to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional Search the Louisiana Territory for a water route to the Pacific Set of from St. Louis – Missouri River – January 1803 Crossed the Rocky Mountains – Pacific Ocean 1805 November Contact with animals, new lands, and Indians Opened the lands for further exploration and settlement North African States – Tangiers, Algiers, Tripoli Pirates attacked American commercial ships Fleet of Marines sent American ship captured and crew ransomed off / 1805 Treaty signed Vice President for Jefferson July 11, 1804 – the Vice President shot and Killed the former Secretary of Treasury Later planned an invasion of Spanish Colonies America had their eyes on the rich lands- Canada American troops advanced to Canada American navy was effective and held up against the British Navy (Strongest Navy in the World) British forces attacked and burned Washington Battle of Baltimore / Battle of New Orleans September 13-14, 1814 Andrew Jackson in charge of British ships fired on American troops fort January 8, 1815 – British American flag flew high launched a frontal attack Francis Scott Key – Star Spangled American were victorious Banner Battle fought after war was over Battle of ___? Peace with England / ended war of 1812 Both sides agreed to stop fighting England refused to discuss impressments At home the war was viewed as a success America had stood up to the most powerful military in the world Barbary States Lewis and Clark War of 1812 Aaron Burr Treaty of Ghent Battle of New Orleans Louisiana Purchase Marbury vs. Madison Baltimore Died on July 4th 1826 Anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence Expansion Florida became part of USA Spain gave up its claim in the Pacific Coast – north of California Agreed to new boundaries – Texas Belief held that the lands in America from the Atlantic to the Pacific – belonged to the American people 364 miles – connecting Hudson River / Great Lakes Lowered costs for transportation Made New York a center of trade Wheat became a main crop in western states New England – Sheep raising Cotton “king” crop of the Deep South Cotton profits made the south wealthy / northern states /factories benefited from this crop Industrialization 1815 – Most manufacturing was done in homes / Followed Madison as president Era of Good feelings Wanted to make friends with Latin America for the benefit of USA Court asked to rule if legislature of New Hampshire had the right to convert Dartmouth from a private college to state university Court stated that original charter was binding – ruled against the state Charters granted from the state to a private corporation were protected by the Constitution Built a textile factory in Massachusetts Employed young women who lived on site Manifest Destiny Putting out system Dartmouth College v. Woodward Adam – Onis Treaty - 1819 Thomas Jefferson and John Adams Market Economy Erie Canal James Monroe as President Francis Lowell State of Maryland had taxed the Bolstered the power of Congress Baltimore branch of the bank to regulate interstate commerce Tax unconstitutional Stated that states could not Main issues were if Congress interfere with the national could establish a bank and If government’s right to regulate state could regulate and tax the commerce bank Defined as a direct rule of the people In America there had been leveling of classes Self made man rose to prominence In the Jacksonian Era this changed some. Economic inequality increased the gap between the rich and poor He wrote Paul Revere’s Ride 1821 Congress stated their support for the revolutions in Latin America America also did not want European powers to establish other colonies in Latin America Told European powers to stay away from the Western Hemisphere – America would control this sphere of influence No real power to enforce this He wrote Moby Dick He wrote Scarlet Letter He wrote Old Ironsides He wrote Leaves of Grass Monroe Doctrine Nathaniel Hawthorne Walt Whitman Gibbons v. Ogden Herman Melville Oliver Wendell Holmes McCulloch v. Maryland Democracy Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Election 1828 who won? _____Era? Democrat Democrats Whigs – Republicans A forceful and domineering Parties started to hold national president conventions to select their person to Appointed people to run for president government jobs who supported Parties disagreed with each other him and sometimes with themselves When the president appointed people to government jobs who supported him Indian Removal Jackson supported the removal of Indians to lands not settled by whites Cherokee Nation owned lands in Georgia, North Carolina, and Tennessee Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi extended its state laws over Cherokees This defied US Constitution which gave the Central government power in Indian affairs 1838 – Forced removal of Indians to Oklahoma/ Many died Southern states became fearful of federal encroachment on state rights South Carolina took up the issue of protective tariff Vice President Calhoun supported states rights A feud developed between Jackson and Calhoun In 1832 South Carolina legislature voted to nullify the tariff Jackson told the secretary of war to prepare for military action South Carolina backed down Kitchen Cabinet Close friends of Jackson and his unofficial advisors They advised Jackson to go against the federal bank Biddle sought a bill for re-charter for the bank passed Congress Jackson vetoed the bill Congress attempts to override the veto failed This issue angered many republicans Supreme Court decision denied the state the power to extend jurisdiction over Indian lands Georgia defied this order and Jackson supported Georgia and violated the US Constitution Election 1840 New party- support came from Whigs supported William Henry republicans / against Jackson Southern support for state rights Harrison – Associated with winning the battle of Tippecanoe Bank issue as a violation of John Tyler –states’ rights advocate as powers running mate They referred to Jackson as Harrison won “King Andrew” What was campaign slogan? Spoils system Nullification Crisis “Tippecanoe and Tyler too” Andrew Jackson Old Hickory Jascksonian Worcester v. Georgia Trail of Tears Whigs Bank War Religious revivals swept through the north 1830 New Evangelist movement called on people to repent their sins All classes responded to this movement Inspired by the religious movement (Second Great Awakening) Groups wanted Curb non-religious activities on Sabbath End - Gambling, Prostitution, Dueling Drinking alcohol End the consumption of alcohol Started from religious movement Women played an important part Protect their homes from the effects of alcohol Consumption of hard liquor declined 50% -1830’s Father of Education 1820-1850 expansion of public education Most developed in New England Establish the State Board of Education MA Compulsory attendance laws / Alienated working class Three r’s (reading, riting, and rithmetic Textbooks / Morality also taught Piety, domesticity, purity and submissiveness While many women were in favor of the women's movement, some were not. Some of these believed in preserving the values of "true womanhood": piety, domesticity, purity and submissiveness. These opponents of the women’s movement referred to their ideas as the "Cult of True Womanhood." Or? Spurred by Second Great Awakening Criminals, lunatics, and paupers Institution established – for those incapable of caring for themselves Prisons, ___, and poorhouses – did not achieve their goals They wanted to send Blacks back to Africa Many felt America would be a better place without blacks Liberia – West Africa – few thousands blacks Denied racial equality in America Anti-slavery movement Published the Liberator Founded the American AntiSlavery Society Spoke against American Colonization Society Spoke for women to be able to speak at abolitionist meetings Anti-slavery movement increased in the 1800’s Religious leaders and women created this movement Free blacks still treated as outcasts – racism Movement Called? Temperance Movement Asylums Abolitionist Movement Social Reform Cult of Domesticity William Lloyd Garrison Second Great Awakening Horace Mann American Colonization Society Women who supported antislavery movement Started to speak about women’s rights Lucretia Mott & Elizabeth Cady Stanton Lucretia Mott & Elizabeth Cady Stanton and others met here to form the first women’s rights meeting Wrote Declaration of Sentiments – 1848 – All men and women were created equal Millennial Church of the United Society Mother Ann Lee – feminine incarnation of Christ Sexual equality / Minimized contact with the outside world Shakers Seneca Falls Declaration Women’s Suffrage Movement