Transcript Trade Routes of East Africa

Monday, April 30, 2012
Agenda
 Bell
Assignment
 Map of Africa
 Discussion of Chapter 12 Sections 1 and 2
 Rap or Speech for Mansa Musa
 Test:
Thursday, May 3, 2012
Bell Assignment
 What
do you know about Africa? (At least
5 – 6 sentences)
Kingdoms of Africa
Chapter 12 Section 3
Geography of Africa
 Africa
is the second largest continent. It
covers 1/5 of the earth’s land surface.
 Because
of it’s size, Africa’s geography is
greatly varied.
 Africa’s
geography has rain forests,
deserts, and savannas.
Map of Africa
Resources
 Not
only does Africa have a varied
geographical landscape, it has varied
resources, too.
 Africa
has resources such as, salt, gold,
iron, copper, diamonds, and oil.
History of Africa
 Africa
has a rich history. With its varied
resources and landscape, it has
developed varied cultures with interesting
histories.
 The
earliest cultures of Africa developed
near and along the Nile River.
Egyptian and Nubian Kingdoms
Kingdoms of the Nile
 The
most powerful kingdoms of the Nile
are Egypt and Nubia.
 Egypt
was the most powerful of the two
kingdoms, but at one point Nubia
conquered Egypt. (There was even a line
of Nubian pharaohs!)
New Cultures in Africa
 Overtime,
Africa was introduced to
different cultures, such as Greek
(Alexander the Great), Roman, and
eventually Islam.
 Each
culture will add to Africa’s history.
Map of Trade Routes
West Africa: Gold and Salt

Two products dominated the Sahara Trade
Route, gold and salt.

Gold was plentiful in West Africa.

Salt was needed by West Africans to prevent
dehydration and to preserve meats.

Therefore, West Africans traded salt for gold.
Three Kingdoms of West Africa

There were three powerful kingdoms of West
Africa. Each kingdom was conquered by the
other.




Ghana
Mali
Songhai
Other smaller kingdoms:


Benin
Hausa
The Kingdom of Mali

The kingdom of Mali was the strongest empire of West
Africa.

One of their greatest leaders was Mansa Musa.

Mansa Musa is well known for his spectacular Hajj (a
pilgrimage to Mecca).

His pilgrimage showed the wealth of Mali and attracted
many scholars and architects, which helped strengthen
his empire.
Assignment – 20 min.
 Review
“The Kingdom of Mali” and “You
are There “ sections of your book (pgs.
285 – 286.)
 Write a speech welcoming Mansa Musa to
your city. Your speech be ¾ - 1 page
long and must include the following:




Praise Mansa Musa for his religious devotion
Generosity
Great Power
Recall many of his great achievements
East African Kingdoms - Axum
 Religion
played a major role in the
development of Axum and Ethiopia.
 Through
trading, Judaism and Christianity
became major religions in Axum.
 The
rulers of Axum created a strong
kingdom through trading.
East African Kingdoms - Ethiopia
 After
the decline of Axum, Ethiopian rulers
rose to power.
 Christianity
became a major religion of
Ethiopia, however a smaller group known
as Falasaha, practiced Judaism.
Rock Churches of Ethiopia
Rock Churches of Ethiopia
Africa’s East Coast
 The
trading ports of east Africa helped to
create strong ties with Middle Eastern
countries.
 The
trading between East Africa and the
Middle East led to the creation of a new
language and culture known as Swahili, a
language that use both Arabic and African
languages.
Great Zimbabwe

Another great kingdom in southern Africa was
Great Zimbabwe.

Great Zimbabwe had a trade network that
included India and China. Ivory and gold were
two popular items.

Great Zimbabwe’s economy depended on
trading, which allowed it to become a powerful
kingdom.
Great Zimbabwe
Decline of Great Zimbabwe
 No
one is sure what happened to cause
the decline of Zimbabwe, but here are
some theories:
 Over
farming
 Civil war
 Conquered by a powerful kingdom
Essay Options

1. Discuss the diversity of Africa. In your essay,
include information about Africa’s geography, how
people adapted to the geography, government
structures, and religious beliefs.

2. Discuss the gold and salt trade of West Africa.
Include your thoughts about how Muslim traders
influenced culture of West Africa.

Discuss Great Zimbabwe. Include information about
the importance of its economy and theories about its
decline.