Transcript Habitats

Habitats
Made by Saif shah
What is habitat ?
.
 A habitat is made up of physical factors such
as soil, moisture, range of temperature, and availability
of light as well as biotic factors such as the availability
of food and the presence of predators. A habitat is not
necessarily a geographic area—for a parasitic organism
it is the body of its host, part of the host's body such as
the digestive tract, or a cell within the host's body.[
The animals and plants in a
habitat are interdependent
 Many animals depend directly or indirectly on plants
for food .Plants provide the animals with energy and
nutrients .Without plants ,these animals will die.
 Besides food, animals depend on plants for shelter and
protection.
 For example trees can be habitats for animals such as
birds and ants they provide shelter and protection to
these animals
In what Ways do plants depend on
animals ?
 Plants can make their own food. The do not depend
on animals for food. However ,to grow healthily, they
 Need nutrients from the soil or water in which they
grow
 When animals die ,they are broken down into simpler
substances by decomposers such as Bactria and fungi.
These simpler substances such as mineral salts are
nutrients for the plants.
Pollination
 Flowering plants depend on animals for reproduction
as well .In the reproduction of flowering plants, pollen
from the male parts of flowers has to be transferred to
the female parts of flowers. This process is called
poliination.Some insects, help in pollination
Dispersal of Seeds
 Besides pollination, some animals help in dispersal of
seeds. Seeds are dispersed or scattered far away from
the parent plants or other seeds to prevent
overcrowding so that the young plants which develop
from the seeds do not need to complete for light
 Animal-dispersed fruits are more common than winddispersed fruits and occur in species with a wider
variety of life forms, including herbs, many vines, a
modest number of tropical lianas, and shrubs as well
as some trees.
Animals in a habitat are suited to
live to their environment
 Living things have special characterizes to enable them to
survive the living conditions in their habitats. They have
adaptations which enhance their survival. We say that they
are suited to their environment.
 Eagles, hawks, and owls have very sharp beaks as well as
talons. Many of them use their talons to grab prey animals.
Next they use the sharp points of their beaks to bite the
animal at the base of the skull or in the neck to kill it.
Eagles don't bother with that when they're carrying a fish,
but ones that learn to hunt rabbits or ducks may do so.
Although an eagle's beak is strong, powerful, and huge, it
rarely if ever carries sticks or fish in its beak.
Adaptations to low Temperature
 Penguins are adapted to live in and near the ocean because they eat
fish. They have special adaptations that allow them to live in the water.
Penguins have webbed feet to help them swim faster, and their vision is
believed to be better underwater than on land. They cannot fly in air
because their wings are too small for their body weight, but their wings
are adapted to help them live and dive in the water. The penguin is
simply unable to create enough energy to take off. Penguins' wing
bones are fused straight, rather than angled like a flying bird's, and this
has the effect of making the wing rigid and powerful, like a flipper. The
small wings and a streamlined body shape are ideal for diving in water.
Adaptations to the amount of light
 While some animals are active during the
day others are active at night .Some of these
nocturnal animals ,such as owls have
large eyes which are sensitive too small
amounts of light .These adaptations help
them too see well at night .So that they can
move around and catch their prey or
escaped from danger.
Adaptation for moving in water
 Many types of fishes have streamlined body is one which
has a narrow pointed head and end while the middle of
the body is bigger and broader .A streamlined body shape
helps a fish to move easily through water by reducing
frictiction between its body and the water
 Sharks have several means of sensing prey. Their snouts
are covered with ampullaceal of Lorenzini, sensory organs
that pick up electrical signals from potential prey. Their
inner ears perceive nearby movement, and lateral lines -parallel rows of scales that run down the shark’s body -note abnormal movements and currents that might signal
the presence of potential food.
Adaptations for breathing in water
 The blue whale has many adaptations that allow it to survive in its
environment. The blue whale not only has blubber for warmth, and a
streamline shape for swimming, but it is a mammal that lives in the water. The
blue whale has an adaptation that does not allow it to sleep. If they slept, they
would drown. So, they take short naps instead of long slumbers. The blue
whale, to eat, has baleen plates that are used to filter the small shrimp-like krill
that they feed on. Being mammals, they have also formed mammary glands to
feed their young with. Being mammals allows the blue whale to have extended
parental care for their young. Being so big, the whale has an extremely large
fluke, which allows it to propel itself through the water at a decent speed,
which can be about 30 miles per hour to escape dangerous situations. The blue
whale's eyesight is good in the water, and out of the water but the sense that is
the best is the hearing. They use vocalizations to communicate with other
whales. Since they are under water, and the water is denser than air, it transfers
sound fast and longer than air. These adaptations have made it easier for these
large mammals to live in water as opposed to living on land.
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The End