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p. 313-316 Democratic Reform and Activism OBJECTIVES • Describe the evolution of British Democracy • Explain the origin and goals of the women’s suffrage movement • Trace the development of democratic institutions in France BRITAIN ENACTS REFORMS Inherited appointed House of Lords The Reform Bill of 1832 Upper class runs the government Parliament The new wealthy middle class demand a greater voice Suffrage Reform Bill of 1832 The right to vote House of Commons Eased property law redistricted Male land owners BRITAIN ENACTS REFORMS Chartist Movement Victorian Age Members of the working class demanded reforms in Parliament and election, including suffrage for all men Queen Victoria People’s Charter of 1838 • Suffrage for all men • Annual Parliamentary elections • No open ballots • End property requirements • Pay members of Parliament • Took throne at 18 • 64 year reign • Height of wealth and power of the British empire Power was almost completely Parliament’s Government run by Prime Minister and cabient EXPANSION OF SUFFRAGE 1867, 1884 Before 1832 0 7 5 21 72 95 had right to vote gained right to vote 1832 had right to vote 2 could not vote 1918 gained right to vote could not vote 5 26 28 93 46 had right to vote could not vote gained right to vote had right to vote could not vote gained right to vote WOMEN GET THE VOTE Organization and Resistance Militant Protests Women on both side of the ocean work to gain the right to vote Drastic steps are taken Protest unfair laws and customs Women’s Social and Political Union Resistance grew as women became more vocal Both men and women thought women’s suffrage was too radical • 1903 – WSPU • Become the most militant organization for women’s rights • Wanted to draw attention When jailed would go on hunger strikes • Had to be force fed to stay alive Women in both US and UK did not gain the vote until after WWI FRANCE AND DEMOCRACY The Third Republic Aftermath of Franco-Prussian War • Change in government almost yearly • 1875 National Assembly finally agrees on new government Dreyfus Affair Monarchists Aristocrats Clergy Army leaders The Third Republic • Lasted 60 years • France remained divided Anti-Semitism Capt. Alfred Dreyfus • Prejudice against Jews • Accused of selling secrets to the Germans • Found guilty on false evidence FRANCE AND DEMOCRACY Dreyfus Affair (cont.) Capt. Alfred Dreyfus • Accused of selling secrets to the Germans • Found guilty on false evidence • Sentenced to life • Later new evidence could prove him innocent, but case is not reopened FRANCE AND DEMOCRACY The Rise of Zionism Zionism • Self-determination to establish a Jewish home state in the Jewish homeland Theodor Herzl • Leader of the Zionism movement • Writer from Vienna What was the major difference between the Reform Bill of 1832 and the Chartist movement? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Why was the House of Commons a misleading name during the early 1800s? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Why did the idea of women’s suffrage seem radical in the Victorian Era? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Why was there an increase in immigration by Eastern European Jews to the United States in the later 19th century? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________