Transcript LAB SAFETY - Beachwood City Schools

LAB SAFETY
Chemistry
Mrs. Baldessari
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Objectives:
• Identify and locate laboratory safety
devices in the classroom.
• Demonstrate proper/safe laboratory
procedures.
• Identify and know the function of various
laboratory equipment.
• Demonstrate proper laboratory
techniques.
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Introduction
• Safety in the laboratory should be first and
foremost
• Accidents in a chemical laboratory may have the
potential of resulting in serious consequences.
• Common laboratory accidents include cuts,
burns, contact with corrosive or toxic chemicals,
and the inhalation of volatile fumes.
• The occurrence of each of these accidents, and
others, can be minimized if simple safety
precautions are followed.
When to wear goggles and aprons?
• If using chemicals and flames
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Eye Protection
• Eye protection must always be worn while in a
chemistry laboratory.
• This is not simply due to common sense, but also
government regulations. Safety goggles or glasses
with side shields are needed.
• If a chemical gets into your eyes, you must quickly get
to the eyewash and flush your eyes with water, while
rolling them back and forth, for no less than 20
minutes.
• Ideally, eye contacts should not be worn in the
laboratory; however, if an accident occurs and you
have eye contacts in, you must try to remove them
immediately.
Personal Safety: Goggles
• YES!!!!!!!!!
• NO!!!!!!!
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• What is
unsafe?
• Who is
being
safe?
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THINK!
• Accidents in the lab can be
prevented!
• You are the most likely cause
of an accident!
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When you first enter the lab…
• A. Go to lab and start experiments
• B. try out your own experiments while you
wait
• C. read the lab and wait for the teacher’s
instructions
• D. go pick up chemicals and practice the
lab
• ANSWER: C
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Read Lab First
• Read the experimental procedure
ahead of lab.
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Disposing of Matches
• The match
should be
quenched with
water, NOT
thrown into
the waste
crock directly.
• Fires may
occur.
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No Horseplay
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If the fire alarm rang, what should
you be sure is turned off?
•
•
•
•
Bunsen burner
Electrical equipment
Gas valves
Close chemical containers
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Proper Attire
• Clothing that covers your body and fits comfortably should be
worn.
• Clothing that is loose can be a hazard and knock over
glassware or catch fire in a flame.
• Clothing that is tight will hold chemicals close against your
skin.
• Shoes should protect your feet and not be made of cloth
(chemicals can leak through) or open-toed.
• Jewelry should be removed; watches and rings can hold
chemicals against the skin.
• Hair should be pulled back
• If corrosive chemicals come in contact with the hands, they
should be rinsed immediately in the sink and your instructor
notified.
What should I wear in the lab…
• if I am going to
work with
chemicals and
flames?
• Goggles
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Closed Toed Shoes
• The Safety Code of most schools will
not approve of open foot ware; so
avoid sandals or flip-flops
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NO FLOPPIES
• Avoid floppy garments; avoid things
that dangle
• Avoid long, loose hair styles for the
same reason.
• When Bunsen burners are in use, long
hair sometimes catches on fire
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Handling of Acids or Bases
• "Vinyl" gloves or
"nitrile" gloves
(often green or
blue in color) are
preferred.
• You probably will
not use
dangerous
materials in high
school.
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Where’s the Safety Equipment?
–Fire Extinguishers
–Fire Blanket
–Eye-wash Fountain
–First-Aid Kit
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Fire Safety
 Small fires can be extinguished by covering them with a
container, such as a beaker, to eliminate oxygen.
 Moderately sized fires require the use of a fire extinguisher.
 Large fires require the evacuation of the building and notifying
the fire department.
 If your clothing catches fire, the best extinguisher is water
from the safety shower.
 If a safety shower is not available, you can fall to the floor and
cover yourself with a fire blanket.
 Make sure you are aware of the location of the safety shower
and fire blanket prior to performing any experiments.
 Synthetic clothing fibers melt during combustion and produce
hot liquids that stick to the skin. It is best to wear natural
fibers, such as cotton, for fire safety when working in the
laboratory.
Fire Extinguishers
• the carbon
dioxide
extinguisher
is red
• general
purpose
extinguishers.
• AVOID using a drychemical
extinguisher on a
fellow human being.
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Fire Extinguisher
• Pull Pin
• Aim
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Fire Extinguisher
• Squeeze the handle to begin operation.
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Fire Blanket
• Wrap it around the victim to smother
the fire.
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EYEWASH
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EYE WASH
• If you get something from the lab in your
eye—
• GET IT OUT IMMEDIATELY!
• Run some water through the eyewash
fountain before you use it.
• Retract your eyelid (hold it open);
• Don’t squint—this restricts water access.
• Run fresh water over your eye for several
minutes.
• Go to the school nurse immediately
afterward.
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First Aid Kit
• These items may be
used temporarily for
small injuries (say, a
cut finger) Go to the
school nurse
immediately afterward.
• Do not wait until the
end of the day.
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First Aid Kit
• However, if blood is in
evidence-- STAY AWAY! Let
the victim apply his/her own
bandage.
• If blood is on the floor or lab
bench, let trained personnel
do the clean-up.
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Volatile and Toxic Chemicals
• Many volatile and toxic chemicals must be used in a fume hood.
• Many toxic fumes have a pungent smell that can be overpowering (e.g.,
ammonia).
• Other toxic fumes may not be as noxious, but may cause respiratory or
other health damage.
• It is important not to breathe either of these fumes. Fume hoods are
enclosed workspaces that draw these fumes away from the user and out
of the building. Most fume hoods have a safety-glass window that can be
used to shield the user from violent or vigorous reactions. Fume hoods
can also be used to remove flammable fumes that may pose a fire
hazard.
• Because potentially hazardous chemicals are found in the laboratory, it
is important not to eat in the laboratory to reduce the possibility of
ingestion of a hazardous chemical.
FUME HOOD
• Use the HOOD for reactions that give
off vapors, especially smelly vapors.
• The draft of the HOOD will sweep away
vapors so that the lab itself maintains
reasonable air quality
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Safety Shower
• Shower should be
used for dire
EMERGENCY only!
• If you (or a lab mate)
is spilled chemicals,
position yourself (or
your lab mate)
under the safety
shower.
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Safety Shower
• Pull the handle—a
deluge of water will
result.
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Safety Shower
• The safety
shower should
also be used if
you suffer a
massive spill of
a dangerous
chemical on
yourself, and
need to get it off
rapidly.
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Broken Glass
• Sweep it up right away
• Don’t track in it all period.
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Broken Glass
• Place the broken glass in the
designated box.
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If you need to leave the lab table to
go to the bathroom,
• A. Be sure someone is watching your lab
station
• B. shut off the gas valve and electrical
equipment
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Is it OK to…
•
•
•
•
•
A. eat in the lab
B. put your head in the fume hood
C. chew gum in the lab
D. drink in the lab
E. have horseplay in the lab
• ANSWER: NO
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What is the first aid step to do if
you…
• Cut your finger
• Don’t touch it
• Your clothing
caught on fire
• Stop drop and roll
• You burned your
finger
• Mercury ran out of a
thermometer
• Run it under cold
water
• Clean the wound,
then use a band-aid
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All living organisms should be
handled with…
• RESPECT
• That means do not throw things into their
homes.
• Do not tap on the aquaria.
• Do not throw them on other students.
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What should you bring back with
you to the lab?
•
•
•
•
•
A. Book Bag
B. Something to write with
C. Lab sheet
D. Biology Book
E. Lunch
• ANSWER: B and C
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NO!!!!!!!!!!!!!
• No UNAUTHORIZED
experiments!
• These are terrible
dangers in unskilled
hands.
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NO!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
No EATING or
DRINKING in
the LAB.
A good practice
is to assume
everything in
the lab is
toxic.
•
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No!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
• DO NOT drink
from lab
equipment.
• NOT EVEN
distilled water.
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Pipets NO
• When using
pipets, DO NOT
suck the liquid
into the pipet
directly by
mouth.
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Pipets YES
–DO use a
rubber bulb to
create a
vacuum.
•
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When to use the beaker tongs?
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Should you use glassware that is…
• Chipped
• Dirty
• Cracked
• ANSWER? NO
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Testing of Odors
–Do NOT
smell the
flask
directly.
•
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Wafting YES
If you absolutely
must test the
odor, carefully
waft the vapor
from the flask
toward your nose
with your hand.
Keep the flask quite
distant from your
face.
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HOT GLASSWARE
• Remember NOT
to hand the redhot glass to
another person,
especially the
teacher.
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Heating Test Tubes
Make sure that
reaction tubes,
e.g. test tubes,
are not directed
toward yourself
or other
persons.
The chemicals
may splatter out
the tube.
•
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Heating Test Tubes
• Aim away
from you
and all
people!
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Water to Acids NO
• DO NOT add
WATER to
CONCENTRATED
ACID.
• The heat
generated may
cause splattering.
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Do as you ought’a - add Acids
to waoughta (water)
• DO add ACID to
WATER instead of
the reverse order of
addition.
• The heat generated
will be less, but
splattering still may
occur.
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Practice Quizzes
• Lab safety practice test
• Chemistry (and Biology) Safety Quiz
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