Transcript Census 2011 - New Economy

Census 2011
Headline results – revised 14/02/13
Background
•
ONS published the data contained within these slides on 30th January 2013.
•
Method of travel to work data within this revised presentation has been taken from table
CT0015 for Census 2011 results (replacing data from Table QS701).
•
Table CT0015 uses the same classifications as per the Census 2001 data - a person who has
indicated their place of work as their home address and said that they travel to work by driving
a car or van (eg visiting clients) now appears in the category "Work mainly at or from home”.
•
The data is available on the ONS website:
http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/census/2011/index.html
•
This data has been adapted by TfGM under the Open Government Licence v.1.0.
Census 2011 – Key facts
• The population of Greater Manchester was 2,682,500 on the 23rd March 2011 the highest in 40 years (1971).
• 350,000 households in Greater Manchester had no car or van available, an increase
of 4,200 on 2001. However the number of households increased by 88,100 in the
same period.
• Manchester had 91,248 households without a car or a van; ranked 4th in the local /
unitary authorities in England and Wales (behind Birmingham, Leeds and
Liverpool).
• 63% (773,888) of Greater Manchester residents* travelled to work by car either as
a driver (704,699) or passenger (69,189).
 14% (174,234) travelled by public transport,
 10% (120,843) walked, 8% (103,033) worked at or from home,
 2% (25,042) cycled and 2% (21,867) used other modes.
*Aged between 16 – 74 and in employment: 1,218,907
• Manchester had the 3rd highest number of working residents using bus / minibus /
coach to travel to work in England & Wales – 46,516 (Birmingham: 71,027, Leeds:
49,433).
• In GM Stockport had the highest number of working residents using the train to
travel to work in 2011 (6,759) and 2001 (4,751) – ranked 57 in England & Wales.
• Trafford had the highest number of working residents using light rail / underground /
tram to travel to work in 2011 (5,468) and 2001 (4,954) – ranked 34 in England &
Wales (5th when London boroughs are removed from the list).
• Within GM, Wigan had the highest number of working residents driving a car / van
to travel to work in 2011 (98,935) and 2001 (84,708) – ranked 13 in England &
Wales.
• More GM residents stated that they cycled as their main method of travel to work
(25,042) than stated Metrolink (15,752).
• Manchester had the 11th highest number of working residents stating that their main
method of travel to work was by bicycle – 8,397, an increase of 3,787 on 2001.
Summary: Greater Manchester Population 2001 - 2011
Population
Households
Population age 1674 in employment
Households with
no car available
2011
2,682,500
1,128,300
1,218,907
345,475
2001
2,516,100
1,040,231
1,077,347
341,276
Difference
+166,400
(+7%)
+88,609
(+8%)
+141,560
(+13%)
+4,199
(+1%)
Summary: Q41 How do you usually travel to work 2001 - 2011
Use public
transport
2011
2001
Difference
174,234
145,669
28,565
(+20%)
Use bus
128,101
114,960
13,141
(+11%)
Use train
30,381
18,418
11,963
(+65%)
Use
Metrolink
15,752
12,291
3,461
(+28%)
Car – as
driver
704,699
620,332
84,367
(+14%)
Bicycle
Walk
25,042 120,843
20,582 105,899
4,460 14,944
(+22%) (+14%)
Greater Manchester population
• Population
• Households
Greater Manchester Population 1891 - 2011:
Population - Greater Manchester 1891-2011
3,000,000
2,728,948
Population
2,719,865
1939
1951
Year
1961
1971
1991
2001
2,682,500
2,716,157
1931
2,482,327
2,714,180
1921
2,455,093
2,727,058
1911
2,594,700
2,673,755
2,403,827
1,500,000
2,155,415
2,000,000
2,638,224
2,500,000
1,000,000
500,000
0
1891
1901
1981
2011
• High levels of migration, increases in the birth rate and a sustained period of
regeneration has resulted in the population of Greater Manchester reaching the
highest level since 1971.
Greater Manchester Population Census 2011:
2011 count of population and households
Population Households
Greater Manchester 2,682,500 1,128,300
Bolton
276,800
116,400
Bury
185,100
78,100
Manchester
503,100
205,000
Oldham
224,900
89,700
Rochdale
211,700
87,600
Salford
233,900
103,600
Stockport
283,300
122,000
Tameside
219,300
95,000
Trafford
226,600
94,500
Wigan
317,800
136,400
Population data from Census 2011 table P04. Household data taken from Census 2011 table H01
Greater Manchester Population Change 2001 - 2011:
Population change 2001-2011
2011
2001
Change to 2011
Greater Manchester 2,682,500 2,516,100 166,400
+7%
Bolton
276,800
261,300 15,500
+6%
Bury
185,100
180,700
4,400
+2%
Manchester
503,100
422,900 80,200 +19%
Oldham
224,900
218,500
6,400
+3%
Rochdale
211,700
206,400
5,300
+3%
Salford
233,900
217,000 16,900
+8%
Stockport
283,300
284,600 -1,300
0%
Tameside
219,300
213,100
6,200
+3%
Trafford
226,600
210,200 16,400
+8%
Wigan
317,800
301,500 16,300
+5%
• 48% of the overall population growth for Greater Manchester has been in
Manchester.
Population data from Census 2011 table P04
Greater Manchester Households Change 2001 - 2011:
Households change 2001 - 2011
2011
2001
Change to 2011
Greater Manchester 1,128,300 1,040,231 88,069 +8%
Bolton
116,400
108,085
8,315 +8%
Bury
78,100
74,335
3,765 +5%
Manchester
205,000
167,451 37,549 +22%
Oldham
89,700
87,824
1,876 +2%
Rochdale
87,600
83,452
4,148 +5%
Salford
103,600
94,238
9,362 +10%
Stockport
122,000
120,456
1,544 +1%
Tameside
95,000
89,981
5,019 +6%
Trafford
94,500
89,313
5,187 +6%
Wigan
136,400
125,096 11,304 +9%
• 43% of the overall household growth for Greater Manchester has been in
Manchester.
Population data from Census 2011 table P04
Car / van availability
• Question H14:
In total, how many cars or vans are owned, or available for use, by
members of this household?
Greater Manchester Households – Car or van availability :
•
•
•
350,000 households in GM (31%) have no car or van available to them.
91,200 (26%) of these households are in Manchester.
Manchester is ranked at position 17 in the Local Authority list – percentage of households with
no access to a car or van*.
*The Isles of Scilly (rank 13), Liverpool (15) Manchester (17) and Nottingham (18) are the only 4 Local Authorities outside of London appearing in positions 1 - 20
Household data taken from Census 2011 table H01, Car ownership data is taken from table KS404
Greater Manchester Households – Car or van availability 2001 - 2011 :
Greater Manchester
Bolton
Bury
Manchester
Oldham
Rochdale
Salford
Stockport
Tameside
Trafford
Wigan
•
2011
345,475
32,948
18,683
91,248
27,954
27,460
38,178
26,781
28,132
20,485
33,606
2001
341,276
32,743
19,302
80,018
30,189
27,921
36,918
28,373
29,373
22,032
34,407
Change - H'holds no
car/van
4,199
+1%
205
+1%
-619
-3%
11,230
+14%
-2,235
-7%
-461
-2%
1,260
+3%
-1,592
-6%
-1,241
-4%
-1,547
-7%
-801
-2%
The net-change across Greater Manchester is a 1% (4,200 households) increase in the
number of households with no access to a car or van between 2001 - 2011.
Method of travel to work
• Question 41:
How do you usually travel to work?
Tick the box for the longest part, by distance, of your usual journey to work
Method of travel to work; Census 2011: Greater Manchester
Population in
Method of travel to work
employment
Work mainly at or from home
103,033
Underground, metro, light rail, tram
15,752
Train
30,381
Bus, minibus or coach
128,101
Taxi
9,875
Motorcycle, scooter or moped
6,663
Driving a car or van
704,699
Passenger in a car or van
69,189
Bicycle
25,042
On foot
120,843
Other method of travel to work
5,329
Total
1,218,907
•
•
•
•
63% (773,888) of Greater Manchester residents travelled to work by car either as a driver or passenger,
14% (174,234) travelled by public transport,
10% (120,8430) walked, 8% (103,033) worked at or from home,
2% (25,042) cycled and 2% (21,867) used other modes.
Method of travel to work data from Census 2011 table CT0015 (not table QS701)
Greater Manchester Census 2001
Other, Work mainly at
Method of travel to work
home, 7.7%
0.4%
N=1,077,347
Bicycle, 1.9%
Passenger
Car / Van,
7.4%
Walk,
9.8%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
1.1%
Train, 1.7%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 10.7%
2011
2001
Work mainly at home
103,033
83,420
Light rail (Metrolink)
15,752
12,291
Train
30,381
18,418
Bus / minibus / coach
128,101 114,960
Taxi
9,875
9,357
Motorbike / scooter / moped
6,663
8,862
Driving Car / Van
704,699 620,332
Passenger Car / Van
69,189
79,375
Bicycle
25,042
20,582
Walk
120,843 105,899
Other
5,329
3,851
Total 1,218,907 1,077,347
Taxi, 0.9%
Driving Car /
Van, 57.6%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.8%
Method of travel to work data from Census 2011 table CT0015 (not table QS701), 2001 data from Table KS15
Difference
19,613
24%
3,461
28%
11,963
65%
13,141
11%
518
6%
-2,199 -25%
84,367
14%
-10,186 -13%
4,460
22%
14,944
14%
1,478
38%
141,560
Travel to work by public transport; 2001 - 2011: Greater Manchester
Mode split
2011
2001
Light rail (Metrolink)
15,752
12,291
3,461 28%
Train
30,381
18,418
11,963 65%
128,101 114,960
13,141 11%
Bus / minibus / coach
Travel to work by
Public transport by
district
Greater Manchester
Bolton
Bury
Manchester
Oldham
Rochdale
Salford
Stockport
Tameside
Trafford
2011
174,234
12,809
10,392
54,992
11,463
9,822
15,883
17,913
14,717
14,427
2001
145,669
12,068
10,112
35,315
11,922
9,193
12,554
16,478
14,092
12,818
Difference
District change
2001 – 2011
28,565 20%
741 6%
280 3%
19,677 56%
-459 -4%
629 7%
3,329 27%
1,435 9%
625 4%
1,609 13%
Method of travel to work data from Census 2011 table CT0015 (not table QS701)
Travel to work by bus/ minibus / coach; 2001 - 2011: Districts
Bus / minibus/ coach
Greater Manchester
Bolton
Bury
Manchester
Oldham
Rochdale
Salford
Stockport
Tameside
Trafford
Wigan
2011
128,101
8,171
5,654
46,516
10,232
7,847
11,740
10,935
11,083
7,452
8,471
District change
2001 2001 - 2011
114,960 13,141
11%
9,121
-950 -10%
6,064
-410
-7%
31,599 14,917
47%
10,436
-204
-2%
7,771
76
1%
10,563 1,177
11%
11,576
-641
-6%
11,825
-742
-6%
6,976
476
7%
9,029
-558
-6%
• Manchester had the 3rd highest number of working age residents using bus /
minibus / coach to travel to work (Birmingham: 71,027, Leeds: 49,433).
Method of travel to work data from Census 2011 table CT0015 (not table QS701), 2001 data from Table KS15
Travel to work by train; 2001 - 2011: Districts
Train
Greater Manchester
Bolton
Bury
Manchester
Oldham
Rochdale
Salford
Stockport
Tameside
Trafford
Wigan
2011
2001
30,381 18,418
4,366 2,740
522
416
5,646 1,924
1,111 1,325
1,796 1,208
1,945
966
6,759 4,751
3,461 2,156
1,507
888
3,268 2,044
District change
2001 - 2011
11,963
65%
1,626
59%
106
25%
3,722 193%
-214 -16%
588
49%
979 101%
2,008
42%
1,305
61%
619
70%
1,224
60%
• Stockport had the highest number of working age residents using the train to travel
to work in 2011 and 2001 – ranked 57 in England & Wales.
Method of travel to work data from Census 2011 table CT0015 (not table QS701), 2001 data from Table KS15
Travel to work by light rail (Metrolink); 2001 - 2011: Districts
District change
Light Rail (Metrolink)
2011
2001 2001 - 2011
Greater Manchester 15,752 12,291 3,461
28%
Bolton
272
207
65
31%
Bury
4,216 3,632
584
16%
Manchester
2,830 1,792 1,038
58%
Oldham
120
161
-41 -25%
Rochdale
179
214
-35 -16%
Salford
2,198 1,025 1,173 114%
Stockport
219
151
68
45%
Tameside
173
111
62
56%
Trafford
5,468 4,954
514
10%
Wigan
77
44
33
75%
• Trafford had the highest number of working age residents using light rail /
underground / tram to travel to work in 2011 and 2001 – ranked 34 in England &
Wales (5th when London boroughs are removed from the list).
Method of travel to work data from Census 2011 table CT0015 (not table QS701), 2001 data from Table KS15
Travel to work by bicycle; 2001 - 2011: Districts
Bicycle
Greater Manchester
Bolton
Bury
Manchester
Oldham
Rochdale
Salford
Stockport
Tameside
Trafford
Wigan
2011
25,042
1,252
1,169
8,397
985
905
2,476
2,744
1,395
3,378
2,341
2001
20,582
1,413
1,047
4,610
1,006
1,043
2,042
2,540
1,507
2,988
2,386
District change
2001 - 2011
4,460
22%
-161 -11%
122
12%
3,787
82%
-21
-2%
-138 -13%
434
21%
204
8%
-112
-7%
390
13%
-45
-2%
• Using absolute numbers to rank population by unitary or local authority in England
& Wales cycling to work, Manchester is positioned 11th in the list.
Method of travel to work data from Census 2011 table CT0015 (not table QS701), 2001 data from Table KS15
Travel to work by car (as driver) 2001 - 2011: Districts
Car as driver
Greater Manchester
Bolton
Bury
Manchester
Oldham
Rochdale
Salford
Stockport
Tameside
Trafford
Wigan
2011
704,699
76,384
55,146
91,579
57,509
55,712
57,515
84,456
60,757
66,706
98,935
District change
2001 2001 - 2011
620,332 84,367
14%
68,431 7,953
12%
51,628 3,518
7%
64,769 26,810
41%
52,682 4,827
9%
50,757 4,955
10%
48,867 8,648
18%
84,432
24
0%
54,155 6,602
12%
59,903 6,803
11%
84,708 14,227
17%
• Wigan had the highest number of working age residents driving a car / van to travel
to work in 2011 and 2001 – ranked 13 in England & Wales.
Method of travel to work data from Census 2011 table CT0015 (not table QS701), 2001 data from Table KS15
Greater Manchester Census 2011
Method of travel to work
Other,
0.4%
N=1,218,907
Bicycle, 2.1%
Passenger Car /
Van, 5.7%
Walk,
9.9%
Work mainly at
home, 8.5%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
1.3%
Train, 2.5%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 10.5%
Greater Manchester Census 2001
Method of travel to work
Other,
0.4%
N=1,077,347
Walk,
9.8%
Bicycle, 1.9%
Passenger Car /
Van, 7.4%
Manchester Census 2011
Method of travel to work
Other,
0.5%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.5%
Work mainly at
home, 7.4%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
1.3%
N=213,705
Train, 2.6%
Bicycle, 3.9%
Manchester Census 2001
Method of travel to work
Other,
0.4%
N=142,449
Bicycle, 3.2%
Walk,
11.3%
Passenger Car /
Van, 6.4%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.8%
Taxi, 0.8%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.4%
Method of travel to work data from Census 2011 table CT0015 (not table QS701), 2001 data from Table KS15
Work mainly at
home, 6.5%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
1.3%
Train, 1.4%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 22.2%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 21.8%
Driving Car /
Van, 42.9%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 10.7%
Driving Car /
Van, 57.6%
Walk, 13.7%
Passenger Car /
Van, 4.6%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
1.1%
Train, 1.7%
Taxi, 0.9%
Taxi, 0.8%
Driving Car /
Van, 57.8%
Work mainly at
home, 7.7%
Driving Car /
Van, 45.5%
Taxi, 1.2%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.6%
Bolton Census 2011
Method of travel to work
N=123,367
Bicycle, 1.0%
Passenger
Car / Van,
6.6%
Other, Work mainly
Light rail
0.4%
(Metrolink),
at home,
0.2%
8.5%
Train, 3.5%
Walk,
9.2%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 6.6%
Bolton Census 2001
Method of travel to work
Other, 0.3%
Work mainly at
home, 7.9%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
0.2%
Train, 2.4%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 8.0%
N=114,415
Bicycle, 1.2%
Walk,
10.1%
Passenger Car /
Van, 8.2%
Taxi, 0.8%
Taxi, 1.2%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.6%
Driving Car /
Van, 61.9%
Bury Census 2011
Method of travel to work
N=88,036
Other,
0.4%
Bicycle, 1.3%
Passenger Car /
Van, 5.4%
Walk,
8.0%
Work mainly
at home,
9.1%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
4.8%
Train, 0.6%
Driving Car /
Van, 59.8%
Bury Census 2001
Bicycle,
Method of travel to work 1.2%
Other, 0.4%
N=83,847
Passenger Car /
Van, 6.9%
Walk,
8.2%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 6.4%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.5%
Method of travel to work data from Census 2011 table CT0015 (not table QS701), 2001 data from Table KS15
Work mainly at
home, 8.0%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
4.3%
Train, 0.5%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 7.2%
Taxi, 0.8%
Taxi, 0.8%
Driving Car /
Van, 62.6%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 1.0%
Driving Car /
Van, 61.6%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.8%
Oldham Census 2011
Method of travel to work
N=96,300
Bicycle, 1.0%
Passenger Car /
Van, 7.3%
Other,
0.5%
Walk,
10.0%
Work mainly at
home, 8.0%
Train, 1.2%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
0.1%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 10.6%
Bicycle, 1.0%
Passenger Car /
Van, 7.0%
Other, Work mainly at
0.5%
home, 8.2%
Walk,
9.0%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
0.2%
Train, 2.0%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 8.6%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
0.2%
Train, 1.4%
Passenger
Car / Van,
8.6%
Walk,
10.9%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 11.2%
Taxi, 1.0%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.5%
Driving Car /
Van, 59.7%
N=90,753
Other, 0.4%
Work mainly at
home, 7.8%
N=92,775
Bicycle, 1.1%
Taxi, 1.0%
Rochdale Census 2011
Method of travel to work
Oldham Census 2001
Method of travel to work
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.7%
Driving Car /
Van, 56.8%
Rochdale Census 2001
Method of travel to work
Other, 0.4%
Work mainly at
home, 7.7%
N=86,867
Bicycle, 1.2%
Passenger
Car / Van,
8.5%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
0.2%
Train, 1.4%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 8.9%
Walk,
10.7%
Taxi, 1.6%
Taxi, 1.6%
Driving Car /
Van, 61.4%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.5%
Method of travel to work data from Census 2011 table CT0015 (not table QS701), 2001 data from Table KS15
Driving Car /
Van, 58.4%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.8%
Salford Census 2011
Method of travel to work
Other, 0.5%
Work mainly at
home, 7.9%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
2.1%
N=106,904
Bicycle, 2.3%
Walk, 12.9%
Stockport Census 2011
Method of travel to work
Bicycle, 2.0%
Work mainly at
Other, 0.4% home, 10.2%
Walk,
7.7%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
0.2%
Train, 4.9%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
1.1%
Train, 1.1%
Walk,
11.3%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 11.7%
Taxi, 1.5%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.9%
Driving Car /
Van, 54.3%
Stockport Census 2001
Method of travel to work
Work mainly at
home, 8.8%
Other, 0.3%
N=136,059
Bicycle, 1.9%
Passenger Car /
Van, 5.7%
Walk,
8.1%
Method of travel to work data from Census 2011 table CT0015 (not table QS701), 2001 data from Table KS15
Train, 3.5%
Taxi, 0.4%
Taxi, 0.3%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.5%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
0.1%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 8.5%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 8.0%
Driving Car /
Van, 61.6%
Work mainly at
home, 7.4%
Passenger Car /
Van, 8.0%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.6%
Driving Car /
Van, 53.8%
Passenger
Car / Van,
4.2%
Bicycle, 2.3%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 11.0%
Taxi, 1.1%
Other,
0.4%
N=89,920
Train, 1.8%
Passenger Car /
Van, 6.2%
N=137,130
Salford Census 2001
Method of travel to work
Driving Car /
Van, 62.1%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.7%
Tameside Census 2011
Method of travel to work
N=101,892
Light rail
(Metrolink),
0.2%
Train, 3.4%
Other, Work mainly at
0.4%
home, 8.0%
Bicycle, 1.4%
Passenger
Car / Van,
5.8%
Walk,
9.3%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 10.9%
Tameside Census 2001
Method of travel to work
Other, 0.3%
Work mainly at
home, 7.7%
N=96,292
Bicycle, 1.6%
Passenger
Car / Van,
7.4%
Walk,
10.5%
Train, 2.2%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 12.3%
Taxi, 0.5%
Driving Car /
Van, 59.6%
Trafford Census 2011
Method of travel to work
N=110,912
Bicycle, 3.0%
Passenger Car /
Van, 4.5%
Walk,
7.5%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
4.9%
Train, 1.4%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 1.0%
Driving Car /
Van, 56.3%
Trafford Census 2001
Method of travel to work
Bus / minibus /
coach, 6.7%
Driving Car /
Van, 60.1%
Taxi, 0.7%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.7%
Other, 0.4% Work mainly at
home, 10.4%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
0.1%
Work mainly at
home, 8.7%
Other, 0.4%
N=99,146
Bicycle, 3.0%
Passenger
Car / Van,
5.6%
Taxi, 0.5%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.4%
Method of travel to work data from Census 2011 table CT0015 (not table QS701), 2001 data from Table KS15
Walk,
7.7%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
5.0%
Train, 0.9%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 7.0%
Taxi, 0.6%
Driving Car /
Van, 60.4%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.7%
Wigan Census 2011
Method of travel to work
N=149,908
Bicycle, 1.6%
Passenger Car /
Van, 6.5%
Other,
0.4%
Work mainly at
home, 7.6%
Walk,
8.8%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
0.1%
Train, 2.2%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 5.7%
Taxi, 0.5%
Wigan Census 2001
Method of travel to work
Other,
0.3%
Work mainly at
home, 7.2%
Light rail
(Metrolink),
0.0%
Train, 1.5%
N=135,615
Bicycle, 1.8%
Passenger
Car / Van,
8.9%
Walk,
9.6%
Bus / minibus /
coach, 6.7%
Taxi, 0.6%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 0.8%
Driving Car /
Van, 66.0%
Method of travel to work data from Census 2011 table CT0015 (not table QS701), 2001 data from Table KS15
Driving Car /
Van, 62.5%
Motorbike /
scooter /
moped, 1.0%