Transcript Chapter 2 Section 2

Chapter 2 Section 4
The Race for Empires
Protestant Reformation
• Religious movement away from
Catholic Church
• Started by Martin Luther – claimed
that Catholic Church abused its
power
• Movement spread to England – King
Henry VIII started the Anglican
Church (Church of England)
Spain and England Clash
• Religious differences between
Protestant England and Catholic
Spain
• Spain plots to overthrow Queen
Elizabeth
Spanish Armada Defeat
• Spanish Armada sent to England
to restore Catholicism
• 130 ships sent in 1588
• Meet in the English Channel
• English ships faster and quicker
• Storm aids the English-1/2 of
Spanish Armada ruined
Effect of the Defeat
• England remained Protestant
and independent-proving it could
defend itself
• Spain’s image suffered-other
nations joined England in
challenging Spain
• England challenges many
Spanish lands in America
Search for the
Northwest Passage
• Looking for water route through
America to Asia
• Called the Northwest Passage
• There is not 1 continuous water
route through the US
John Cabot ( Italian)
• 1497 charted the northern route
across the Atlantic
• Explored for English, claimed
Newfoundland Canada for
England
• Thought he had reached Asia
• Disappeared on second voyage
Jacques Cartier
(French)
• 1534-1536 traveled up the St
Lawrence River to Montreal
• Rapids blocked his way
• French would not return to
colonize for another 75 years
Henry Hudson
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Englishman sailed for Dutch
Arrived at coast of New York
Sailed up the “Hudson River”
Looked for a westward passage
to Asia
• Set adrift by own sailors
English colonization
• Most colonization was privately
funded
• First successful colony was
after 1600
• Charter – Document to start a
colony – Sir Walter Raleigh
Samuel de Champlain
• Explored the St. Lawrence River
• 1608 fur trade post of Quebec
• First permanent French
settlement in North America
• Rich fur trade with Native
Americans
• Became known as New France
The French and Dutch
Seek Trade
• France and Netherlands seeking
wealth through exploration and
colonization
• After failing to find a Northwest
passage, they focused on
colonizing America
New Netherland
• Built by Dutch
• Located along the Hudson River
• Fort Nassau (1614) near Albany
New York
New Amsterdam
• Dutch bought Manhattan from
the Native Americans
• Current site of New York City