1. What is a Sentence?

2. Statements and Quotations 3. Commands and Exclamations 4. Subjects and Predicates 5. Simple Subjects 6. Simple Predicates 7. Correcting Run-on Sentences

1-1 What is a Sentence?

Whom or what is the sentence about? What happened?

The hottest flames clawed up the trunks of large trees.

sentence – group of words that tell a complete thought A sentence must tell

who

or

what.

It must also tell

what is

or

what happens.

Who/What

Mr. Nolan

What is/What happens

rolled up the sleeping bags.

Your backpack is too heavy.

Which groups of words are sentences? Which are not?

1. At Yellowstone Park.

2. The park has famous hot springs.

3. The first national park in the world.

4. Flows through the park into the canyon.

5. Many different kinds of wildlife.

6. Jason’s family camped at Yellowstone.

7. They saw a fossil forest.

8. Hot springs, waterfalls, and canyons.

Read these notes from a science journal. Which are sentences?

March 31

The last snow finally melted.

Saw a rabbit under a bush.

April 15

More buds on the trees.

Heavy rain fell all day.

May 6

Picked violets and dandelions.

Two robins built a nest.

May 29

Tulips are in bloom everywhere.

Five baby birds in the nest.

June 18

Swam in the lake with my brother.

We nearly froze in the cold water.

July 8

Hot, sticky weather the whole month.

Blueberries are almost ready to pick.

1-2 Statements and Questions

Which is a statement? Which is a question?

Riddle: Why was the plane so tired in the morning?

question

Answer: It had been up all night.

statement

z z z z z

statement- tells something, ends with a period (.) question - asks something, ends with a question mark (?) A sentence always begins with a capital letter.

Statements:

The airport was crowded.

Her plane landed on time.

Carlos bought a ticket.

Questions:

Was the airport crowded?

When did her plane land?

Did Carlos buy a ticket?

Is each sentence a statement or a question? Which end mark should be used?

1. The flight attendant welcomed the passengers

.

statement 2. I pushed my small brown bag under the seat

.

statement 3. Have you fastened your seat belt

?

question 4. Can you see out the window

?

question 5. What city is below

?

question 6. The cars look like ants

.

statement

Find the three missing capital letters and five missing/incorrect end marks.

Did you ever dream of flying like a bird. Would you like to see the world? the Ace Pilot School is the answer to your dreams Our teachers are experts You will learn the skills of safe flying. lessons are half-price in January. you cannot afford to wait? Isn’t it time to make your dream come true

1-3 Commands and Exclamations

Read these sentences aloud. Use your voice to express the meaning of each.

The bus is going to leave! Get on now.

command - sentence that tells someone to do something, ends with a period (.) exclamation – sentence that shows strong feeling like surprise, excitement, or fear, ends with an exclamation point (!)

Command:

Please wait at the bus stop.

Meet me at Paige’s Bookstore.

Take the subway home.

Exclamations:

The bus finally arrived!

What a huge store it is!

How fast the train travels!

Is each sentence a command or exclamation? What end mark should be used?

1. This trip is going to be great

!

exclamation 2. Apply for your passport

.

command 3. Please bring a photo of yourself

.

command 4. How excited I am

!

exclamation 5. My dream is coming true

!

6. Find your seat quickly

.

exclamation command

This travel brochure is missing two capital letters and five end marks.

How exciting it is to visit Mexico

• Explore Aztec temples • swim in the warm Pacific Ocean.

• Shop for handmade jewelry • Enjoy lively festivals.

What a land of surprise Mexico is It’s a place you’ll never forget

1-4 Subjects and Predicates

Whom or what is the sentence about? What happened?

A large trout leapt in the air.

subject

-

who

or

what

the sentence is about complete subject- all words in the subject

predicate

- what the subject

does

or

is

complete predicate- all words in the predicate

Complete Subjects

Angela Kelly We The red ferryboat

Complete Predicates

is the captain of the boat.

waited at the dock.

stops.

Passengers get off the boat.

What are the complete subject and complete predicate of each sentence?

1. Henry Delgado fished from the wharf.

2. The ocean was calm.

3. Several gulls flew overhead.

4. The gulls squawked noisily.

5. Henry cast his line into the sea.

6. He waited.

For each sentence in this poem, find the complete subject and complete predicate.

The Beach

Green waves toss their foamy heads.

Clams sleep in their sandy beds.

A lonely man wades. A girl skips by.

They look at the clouds up in the sky.

The wind is cool. Big white birds glide.

Footprints wash away the tide.

1-5 Simple Subjects

How many different ways can you complete the headline?

Three ________ broke the record!

simple subject- tells

exactly

whom or what the sentence is about

Complete Subjects

Many people Marcus Johnson He The palm

Complete Predicates

watch ball games at the park.

slides into third base.

pitched five innings.

of his glove is torn.

The complete subject of each sentence is underlined. What is the simple subject?

1. James Naismith invented basketball in 1891.

2. He was a teacher in Springfield, Massachusetts.

3. The head of the school wanted a winter game.

4. Naismith tacked peach baskets to the walls of the gym.

5. He called the game “basket ball.” 6. The first players used soccer balls.

The complete subject in each sentence is underlined. Circle the simple subject.

From Rounders to Baseball

British children of long ago played rounders. They hit a ball and ran to a base. Rounders was an early form of baseball. Colonists from England brought this game to America. Young people in New England played a similar game called “town ball.” Alexander Cartwright drew up the rules for baseball in 1845. The distance between the bases was ninety feet. A team had nine players. Three strikes was an out. These rules are still followed.

1-6 Simple Predicates

How many different ways can you complete the sentence?

The astronauts ______ in outer space.

simple predicate - tells

exactly

what the subject

is

or

does

Complete Subjects

Some students

Complete Predicates

go to space camp.

The camp is in Alabama.

Campers build rockets.

They wear real space suits.

The complete predicate of each sentence is underlined. What is the simple predicate?

1. Campers are astronauts for a week.

2. They work in teams of ten.

3. The members name their teams after planets.

4. Some of the teams launch rockets into the air.

5. Other teams take a make-believe space flight.

6. Campers run a control center on the ground.

The complete predicate in each sentence is underlined. Circle the simple predicate.

These Tips are for new space travelers.

• • • Most travelers avoid crumbly food. The crumbs float all over the space craft.

Muscles lose strength in outer space. Exercise is very important. Space travelers use exercise machines to stay fit.

Some people suffer from space sickness. Light meals help sometimes.

1-7 Correcting Run-on Sentences

Can you find two sentences?

.

I

run-on sentence – when two sentences run into each other * Correct by writing each thought as a different sentence.

* Use capital letters and end marks correctly. * Do not use a comma to separate sentences.

Which is written correctly?

Our class visited a museum, we saw whaling ships.

Our class visited a museum. We saw whaling ships.

Our class visited a museum we saw whaling ships.

Which are run-on sentences? How can you fix them?

.

2. A whaling museum is one kind of history museum.

3. A whole village can sometimes be a museum.

.

can visit Paul Revere’s house in Boston.

.

Y

6. The Smithsonian is the world’s largest museum .

Correct the five run-on sentences.

Artists use amber to make jewelry some beads are amber. Amber is not a stone it is tree sap. The sap dripped from trees long ago, then it hardened.

Scientists use amber, it helps them study animals that lived long ago. Sometimes insects were trapped in the sap as it dripped down trees their bodies can still be seen today in the amber.

1-1 What is a Sentence?

1. They visited the national parks.

2. Had very beautiful scenery.

3. Oldest and largest giant trees.

4. Wanted to see some of the giant trees. 5. One giant tree is name General Grant.

6. Another tree is name General Lee.

1-2 Statements and Questions

1. did you read about the hot-air balloon 2. Two brothers in France invented the balloon.

3. it carried a duck, a rooster, and a sheep 4. when was that flight 5. How long were the animals in the air 6. they landed safely after eight minutes

1-3 Commands and Exclamation

1. Give your tickets to the conductor 2. let me show you to your seat 3. what a loud noise the train makes 4. I can’t wait to eat in the dining car 5. please get me something to eat 6. How fast we are moving!

1-4 Subjects and Predicates

1. Luis watched the cloud.

2. It looked like a huge white elephant.

3. Then the cloud’s shape changed.

4. An enormous white train was now in the sky.

5. The children enjoyed the clouds’ shapes.

6. They watched the clouds for hours.

1-5 Simple Subjects

1. The game of baseball comes from an old English sport.

2. Children in Colonial times played a game with two bases.

3. Abner Doubleday did not invent the game of baseball.

4. It developed from the English game of rounders.

5. The first professional team was formed in 1869.

6. The team was called the Cincinatti Red Stockings.

1-6 Simple Predicates

1. Comets are balls of dust and ice.

2. Early people called them “hairy stars.” 3. A comet has a tail.

4. Comets travel around the sun.

5. Halley’s comet is a very brilliant comet.

6. People saw this comet long ago.

1-7 Correcting Run-on Sentences

1. The White House is in Washington it is the President’s home.

2. It was not always white it was once gray.

3. Theodore Roosevelt had the walls painted white.

4. He changed the name it became the White House.

5. Every President except George Washington has lived there.

6. The White House has more than 140 rooms you can visit five of them.