Transcript Chapter 8: House Construction

Chapter 8: House
Construction
Brittany Hendershot
&
Brice Elliott
The Foundation and Frame
• The Foundation and frame is
the basic structure of the
house.
• Without the basic structure it
won’t be a house.
• If you think that the
foundation and frame aren’t
strong enough you can
inspect it your self and have it
repaired if it needs it.
• When your building a house
you can be able to observe
the construction and make
sure it is done correctly.
Foundation
• There are three basic foundations.
• Houses can be constructed with a basement, crawl space with a pier
foundation, or slab on grade foundation.
• The foundation also consists of foundation walls and the footing.
• At the very bottom of the foundation is called the footing.
• Footings are usually made of concrete.
• Concrete is a hard building material made by combining cement, sand, and
gravel with water.
• The footings must be reinforced for added strength with a system of
horizontal steel rods, called rebar. Concrete and steel should be strong
enough to support the rest of the foundation and the house it will
support.
• Footings need to be the correct width and thickness to support the
weight of the foundation and house.
• The foundation walls support the load of the house between the footing
and the floor.
Frame
• The frame of the house is the skeleton around which the rest
of the house is built.
• It consists of joists, studs, and rafters fastened together to
support the house and its contents.
Materials used For Exterior Construction
• Vinyl or aluminum siding- Vinyl siding is made from
plastic materials formed and molded into the desired
shape and width.
• Cement Fiber Siding- fiber cement siding is made
from Portland cement mixed with ground sand,
cellulose fiber, and other additives.
• Masonite Siding- Masonite boards are synthetically
constructed from a mixture of wood fibers, wax, and
other resins.
• Stucco- stucco is made of cement is combined with
water and inert materials such as sand and lime.
Wood Siding
• Wood Shakes or Shingles - Wood shingles resemble the scales on a fish in
that they are nailed to the exterior of the building or roof in staggered
rows designed to repel water. Shakes or shingles were first manufactured
by felling trees on the property where the house stood and shaping them
with a wooden mallet
• Clapboard - Clapboard is another type of wood siding that is quite old. In
the beginning, this siding was cut by hand. By cutting radially into the
wood, or riving, you could produce many clapboards out of a single tree
trunk.
• Lap Siding - Within lap siding, there are different styles: beveled lap siding,
rusticated lap siding, and drop siding. Beveled lap siding is made of boards
that are 1-inch think and can be 6-to-9-inches wide.
• Board and Batten – Board and Batten is a type of wood siding that
originated in Sweden and Norway.
Manufactured Siting
• Manufactured Siting is a cheaper siting will
last you a few years you should go with the
plastic siting.
Masonry Siding
• Brick siding is one of the most popular
masonry siding materials.
• A variety of shades and colors are available.
• It is a natural product, made of clay and/or
shale.
Roofing
Materials
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Metal
Shingles
Wood
Tile
Rubber bond
Tar
Solar panels
Windows and Doors
Windows
• Arch windows
• Picture windows
• Double Hung windows
Doors
• Sliding Doors
• Wood doors
• Steel doors
Windows
Doors
Review
• Page 212: 1-6, 10