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Families, inclusion and housing : A European perspective Dr. Özgür Öner, Vice-President of CECODHAS Housing Europe Expert Meeting, 30 August 2013 (Berlin) HOUSING EUROPE 1 What is CECODHAS - Housing Europe? CECODHAS - Housing Europe is the federation of cooperative, public, social housing … a network of national and regional housing federations of housing organisations. Together the 43 members in 18 European members States manage 25 million dwellings which represent 12% of the total housing stock in the EU. HOUSING EUROPE 2 A short overlook to housing situation in EU countries Specially impacts of the crisis Some common trends in EU • Unaffordability for the most vulnerable but also for middle-low income families • Lack of supply • Changes in housing benefit: putting affordability even further Future challenges to answer by adequate housing solutions: • Climate change and the need to reduce carbon foot-print from the housing sector • Ageing population and the adequate housing for elderly to live in their home HOUSING EUROPE 3 2 great challenges for families in the affordable housing sector : - growing poverty - ageing The EU holds part of the solution: - Cohesion Policy - Research and Development HOUSING EUROPE 4 Housing conditions are already critical in some parts of the EU … % of the population affected by at least 1 housing deprivation factor, 2007, Eurostat 90 80 70 Note: housing deprivation factors are: damp walls, leaking roof or rot in windows; no bath or shower in the dwelling; no indoor flushing toilet for the sole use of the household; dwelling too dark. Source: EUROSTAT; EUSILC 2007. 60 poor 50 non-poor 40 total 30 20 10 HOUSING EUROPE LT PL LV RO PT CY EE BG IT ES SL HU NL UK EL IE FR BE AT DE LU CZ F SEI DK M T SK EU 0 5 And social housing residents are getting poorer…. HOUSING EUROPE 6 20 years of demand side policies: Impact of housing costs Housing costs = 22.5% disposable income (41% at risk of poverty) Housing overburden = 10.1% (37% at risk of poverty) Housing-related expenditure = 22.9 % of total household consumption expenditure A third of European households facing disproportionate housing costs, and perception of worsening affordability 70.0 60.0 50.0 41.0 40.0 30.0 22.5 20.0 10.0 0.0 for total population HOUSING EUROPE for population at risk of poverty 7 Development of ageing structure until 2060 (Germany) according to the 12th coordinated population forecast Index values for chosen age classes, 2009=100 280 Index 2009=100 260 Popultation of age … until less than … years 2050 240 220 80+ 200 (Increasing until 2050) 65 - 80 180 (Increasing until 2033) 160 50 - 65 140 (Increasing until 2020) 2033 2020 120 20 - 30 (Decreasing) 100 less than 20 80 (Decreasing) 60 30 - 50 (Decreasing) 40 2009 2014 2019 2024 2029 2034 2039 2044 Quelle: StatistischesEUROPE Bundesamt, 12. koordinierte Bevölkerungsvorausberechnung; HOUSING Variante 1-W1 Untergrenze mittlere Bevölkerung 2049 2054 2059 8 8 The silent revolution • the end of the three ages of life : following youth and adulthood, we see the development of new ages, new individual and family times, which signal the end of the traditional equation according to which old age = retirement = illness, infirmity and dependence. In today’s world, the 20 or 30 years of life that come after retirement cover at least three stages of old age: those aged from 65-75, the young and still active pensioners; those aged from 75-85, the age when a whole series of small infirmities begin to appear, although these people are still relatively autonomous; and finally the over 85s who are beginning to have to face up to dependency related issues • It is only possible to grow old “comfortably” if the housing policy is coordinated with other policies in order to ensure both a degree of fluidity between the three spaces of life – the public space, the collective space and the private space (home) – and also a form of solidarity and cohesion through networks of community based services HOUSING EUROPE 9 The Cohesion Policy (Structural Funds) 2014-2020 For instance, in Germany the investment volume needed to adapt dwellings is of approximately 39 billion Euros. This investment is needed for measures to adapt the 2.5 million dwellings where elderly persons with mobility limitation are living (50% need structural changes inside, 50% accessibility improvement) Public finance is needed Structural Funds could and should invest in the adaptation of our living spaces to the demographic evolution and changing ways of living (ERDF used as grants and loans) Possibility : combining ageing adaptation and energy efficiency measures (see example in France with clear socio-economic benefits) Key role of local level (new instruments: Community Led Local Development and Integrated Territorial Investments) HOUSING EUROPE 10 Research and Development – Horizon 2020 The search for win-win solutions: there is an agreement among academics and practitioners that in most cases preventing measures (such as housing-led approaches for the most vulnerable ) are less expensive in terms of public health expenditure than treatment of a situation that has already occurred (such as stays in hospitals because of a lack of adaptation of the dwellings) (for instance: housing for former homeless and/or people with drug addiction problem in Notthingham) The new EU research programme (Horizon 2020) can help explore solutions for families in need of greater social inclusion. Not only focus on innovation in personalised medicine, care systems and products without the necessary recognition of the contribution of labourintensive solutions such as small repair of homes HOUSING EUROPE 11 www.housingeurope.eu HOUSING EUROPE 12