Transcript Chapter 7, section 2:

Chapter 7, section 2:
Convention and Compromise
Content Vocabulary
 1. In the late 1700’s, Virginia’s free African American
population grew due to the passage of a law that encouraged
manumission.
 2. In the House of Representatives, the number of
representatives must be proportional, or correspond in size, to
the population of each state.
 3. In a compromise, two or more sides reach an agreement in
which each side gives up some of what it wants.
 4. During a depression, economic activity slows and
unemployment increases.
5. Shay’s Rebellion
 A. What was Shay’s Rebellion?
 Shay’s Rebellion was a 1786 revolt of Massachusetts farmers against
increased taxes
 B. Why did it worry many
Americans?
 It was a visible sign that the
Articles of Confederation
were not working
6. Who was chosen to preside over the
Constitutional Convention?
 George Washington was the Presiding Officer of the
Constitutional Convention
7. Why did the delegates to the Constitutional
Convention keep their talks secret?
 “The textbook says, “So they could talk freely and not be
influenced by outside pressures.”
 However, note that it is usually over 100 degrees in Philadelphia in the summer
and they did not have air conditioning. They not only shut the windows, but
also nailed them closed.
 They were sent to “revise” the Articles. That is not what they did. They
created a completely new government.
 Do you think they kept their talks secret because they knew what they were
doing was illegal?
The GREAT Compromise
The Virginia Plan
(Large
State Plan)
Edmund Randolf/ James Madison
1. Strong Nat’l. Gov’t. with 3
branches:
Legislative=pass laws
Executive= carry out laws
Judicial= settle arguments
2. Bicameral legislature based on
population (# of people)
The Great Compromise
The New Jersey Plan
Roger Sherman
1. Strong Nat’l. Gov’t.
with 3 branches:
Legislative (bicameral) to
make the laws
a. House of Reps (VA Plan/# of people)
b. Senate (NJ Plan/equal # of Senators-2)
Executive to carry out the laws
Judicial to settle arguments
Wm. Patterson
1. Strong Nat’l. Gov’t. with 3
branches:
Legislative=pass laws
Executive= carry out laws
Judicial= settle arguments
2. Unicameral legislature based on =
representation (each state gets 1
vote)
(Sm .State Plan)
The Three-Fifths Compromise
The North proposed:
The 3/5’s Compromise
The South proposed:
Slaves should not count
towards representation
because you (S.) treat
them as property, not
like people
3/5’s of the slaves will
count towards
representation:
that is, 5 slaves = 3
people
Slaves should count
towards representation
The Twenty Year Compromise
The North proposed:
The 20 Year Compromise The South proposed:
Congress should control trade
The North (anti-slavery)
controlled Congress b/c they
had a larger population than
the South, therefore more
reps in the House.
Congress will control trade
(commerce), but they cannot
stop the slave trade for 20
years (1808)
The states should control
trade
If the North controlled
Congress and Congress
controlled trade, they could
stop the slave trade.
The Presidential Compromise
One side proposed:
The Presidential Compromise The other side proposed:
Congress should choose the
Pres/VP
Electors will choose the Pres/VP
The political parties each choose
electors = to # of Reps & Sens. In
Nov. people vote for the party
electors. Electors (Electoral College)
gather in Jan. to vote for the
Pres/VP
The people will not pick the
best person for the job and
will be too influenced by
looks and popularity
The people should choose the
Pres/VP
If Congress chooses the
Pres/VP, it will make the
Legislative Branch more
powerful than the Executive or
Judicial branches