Transcript The Ancient Israelites

The Ancient Israelites
The Kingdom of Israel
Section 2
Did You Know?
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Jerusalem has had different names
throughout history.
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Before King David conquered Jerusalem, the
city was called Jebus.
King David renamed the city the City of David.
Account of the Assyrians’ conquering of the
city referred to Jerusalem as the City of
Judah.
Israelites Choose a King
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Philistines were the strongest people in Canaan
around 1000 B.C.
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Israelites feared the Philistines, so they copied their ways
and worshiped their gods.
To keep from quarreling among themselves and to save
their religion, the 12 tribes asked Samuel, a prophet, to
choose a king.
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Prophet: a person who claims to be instructed by God.
Samuel warned the Israelites against having a king.
Israelites named Saul as king.
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Samuel anointed him,
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King Saul displeased God.
 So God chose another king, David.
 God told Samuel anoint David in secret.
Discussion Question
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Why did Samuel warn the Israelites
against choosing a king?
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Samuel told the Israelites that a king would
enslave them and make them pay taxes.
David & Solomon
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David was a famous warrior.
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He killed a giant Philistine named Goliath with a
slingshot and stones.
King Saul put David in charge of the army but later
grew envious of David and plotted to have him killed.
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David hid until Saul and his sons were killed.
Then, David took the throne.
David drove the Philistines out and conquered other
countries, building his empire.
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An empire is a nation that rules several other nations.
The conquered people had to pay tribute to David.
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Money or slaves.
Israelites also had to pay heavy taxes.
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David used the money to expand his capital, Jerusalem.
David & Solomon continued
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Solomon was David’s son who took the throne
after David’s death.
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Solomon built the stone temple in Jerusalem that
David wanted to build.
He was known for his proverbs, or wise sayings.
When Solomon died, the 12 tribes began
fighting.
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10 of the tribes moved to the north and called their
nation: kingdom of Israel.
The other 2 tribes moved to the south and called their
nation: kingdom of Judah.
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The capital of Judah was Jerusalem, and the people of
Jerusalem were called Jews.
Discussion Question
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Why did David want to build a temple in
Jerusalem?
David wanted the Israelites to have a
permanent place for their sacred objects.
A Troubled Time
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After creating the kingdoms of Israel and
Judah, many Israelites forgot their religion.
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The prophets told the Israelites to return to
God’s laws to create a just society.
The Assyrians conquered Israel and
dispersed the 10 tribes throughout their
empire.
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These Israelites lost their religion and were
often called the “lost tribes of Israel”.
Assyrian Samaritans
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The Assyrians settled around
Samaria and were called Samaritans.
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Samaritans thought God would be
angry with them for taking the Israelites’
land.
To appease God, they offered sacrifices and
began following the Israelites’ religion.
 The people of Judah believed that God only
accepted sacrifices from the temple at
Jerusalem.
 They believed they were God’s only people.
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Conquered
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The Egyptians conquered the kingdom of Judah
in 620 B.C.
The Chaldeans conquered Egypt and became
rulers of Judah in 605 B.C.
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The Jews joined forces with the Egyptians to conquer
the Chaldeans.
King Nebuchadnezzar and the Chaldeans captured
Jerusalem and punished the Jews.
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He sent 10,000 Jews to Babylon and appointed a new
Jewish king.
In 586 B.C., the Jews revolted against the Chaldeans,
and the Chaldean ruler crushed Jerusalem.
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The Chaldeans took the king of Judah and thousands of
Jews to Babylon.
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This period is known as the Babylonian Captivity.
Discussion Question
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What message did the prophets bring to
the Israelites?
The prophets warned the Israelites that
being faithful to God was more than simply
going to temple to worship.
It meant working for a just society and
dealing fairly with other people.