Transcript DIFFERENT WAYS OF SENDING INFORMATION

•by Maria Rita Marruganti
DIFFERENT WAYS OF
SENDING INFORMATION
• Passive e.g. newspapers, radio, television.
You don’t produce, just receive information.
The flow of information is
unidirectional.
• Interactive e.g. telephone
Listening and talking people interact
The flow of information
is bidirectional.
each other.
WHAT ABOUT
COMPUTER?
• In front of the computer we receive images,
sounds together with written words but we
can input information and data determining
different devolopments and results.
•computer
•display
•speaker
•mouse
•keyboard
• The girl can receive and send information of
any form. The flow of information is
birectional (interactive)
A machine-readable
text that forms
an interconnected
structure is a
HYPERTEXT
HYPERTEXT:
WHAT IS IT?
•
•
•
•
- It’s a great means of comunication.
- It can handle a lot of information.
- It’s an assembly of pages.
- Data that contain links to other relevant
data.
• - The user can rewrite and edit the product.
• - An application can have different
developments and results.
The use of different communicationcodes is
MULTI-MEDIA:
system that combines text with audio, video
and still images to create an interactive
application
From the latin words:
• multus, a, un (more than one)
and
• medium (means of communication).
HYPERMEDIA: What is it?
• It is a method of structuring information in a
mixture of media (text, video, graphics,
sound) in such a way that related items of
information are connected by links or
threads called hyperlinks
HYPERMEDIA:
the specific element
• -The specific element is the computer.
Using it we can handle a great deal of data
in specific and different fields in a short
time.
HYPERTEXT
INTERACTIVE
•We can carry out
research in a shurter time
•We can rewrite the data we
receive producing information
MULTIMEDIA
HYPERMEDIA
•Compact disks on which
audio or video sequences or
other data are recorded
digitally and replayed using
a laser
CDS
•The specific elements of
hypermedia. Using them we
can handle a great deal of
data in specific and different
fields in a shurt time
PERSONAL
COMPUTERS
HYPERMEDIA: STRUCTURE
MAIN ELEMENTS
•
Information units or knots
•
Links or anchors
•
Navigation tools
HYPERMEDIA: LINKS
• Links connect different pages: it’s possible
to link a word to another page containing its
explanation
• We can have several links in the same
page as if the hypertext were a web
• Links can be:
hot words
hot image areas
buttons
HYPERMEDIA : PATHS
• A hypertext must contain the possibility to
follow different paths (long or short,
across or down).
Choosing links allows:
• the author to stucture and control the system
• the user to improve the undestanding and to
be aware of what he is doing.
HYPERMEDIA: KNOTS
• An information unit or page. It is a
complete piece of information: it can be a
concept or a definition even an image. No
matter whether we use few words or a great
deal of words.
HYPERMEDIA AND BOOKS : DIFFERENCES
HYPERTEXT
BOOKS
• There are different paths,
different levels of reading.
• The user can rewrite and
edit it.
• The pages follow one
another
• There is a beginning
and an end
HTML
HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE
• All the pages are formatted in html . It’s an
important point at which browser and host
computers need to agree. In particular the
HTML tells the browser how the pages are
formatted.
HTTP
HYPERTEXT TRANSFER PROTOCOL
• It is a standard communication protocol, an
assembly of rules used by computers to
communicate in order to transfer
information (hypertext)
HTML & HTTP
THE HYPERTEXT ABSTRACT MACHINE
• The combination of HTML and HTTP is the
only point at which client and server
computers need to agree. The user can use a
variety of software running on a variety of
computers as long as they talk HTTP and
understand HTML formatted files.
WORD WIDE WEB
• The most widely used system for hypertest
access over the internet is the Word Wide
Web, normally abbreviated WWW.
• The WWW uses a client - server
architecture for distributed hypertext that
can be accessed over the INTERNET
HYPERMEDIA AND THE INTERNET
• A link can be connected to a page of the same
hypermedia or to a page in a different hypermedia
in the same computer. It can be connected to other
hypermedia pages that are in different computers
all over the world. These computers have to be on
Internet.
HYPERMEDIA
HOW DO THEY WORK?
• Using images, words,sounds and links
hypermedia work as human brain does:
associating ideas. Each association is
similar to a link between two pages of
hypermedia.
AN IDEAL HYPERMEDIA
• The interface must be concise and understandable.
• It must contain different reading paths, with the
possibility to follow individual tracks.
• Systems must be open to receive user’s
modifications and contributions
• It must contain motivated and not only aesthetic
use of multimedia.
• The most important ingredient is the content.
HOW TO BUILD UP HYPERMEDIA
Three different stages are necessary.
• project
• search for contens
• implementation
PROJECT
• A good organization of the links among the
contents makes the project more usable. In
this phase you have to determine
what and how many texts, images, videos to
insert, to decide how to organize the
information.
SEARCH FOR CONTENTS
• The data can make hypermedia rich in
content. Texts, images, videoclips must be
found in digital format; perhaps you need to
create them using appropriate programmes.
IMPLEMENTATION
• The navigation interface can make the
hypertext more interesting and
understandable.
• It means to assemble the contents
according to the project.
• A compromise is needed between the big
deal of information and an easy content
comprehension.