Chapter 20 The Progressive Era

Mrs. Hauber

What was the Progressive Movement?

      Effects of the Industrial Revolution Definition When did it take place?

Major Beliefs/Goals/Reforms Who were the Progressives?

How did they accomplish their goals?

Video Clip of Progressivism

The Progressive Agenda

 Social Reforms  Economic Reforms  Political Reforms

President William McKinley

 Elected in 1896 (Republican)   Appointed Teddy Roosevelt as Assistant US Secretary of the Navy De’Lome Letter  Election of 1900  TR was Vice-President

The Death of McKinley

 In the 1900 election, McKinley won again.

 His assassination  Leon Czolgosh  TR becomes President

TR’s Square Deal

 Characteristics  To Tell the Truth Game  Square Deal  Progressive President

TR’s National Progressivism

Social Reform

 Improvement of living conditions  Jacob Riis   Settlement houses Housing regulations  Improvement of working conditions  Wages, Hours, Safety, and Child Labor Laws

The Coal Strike (example of social reform)

 Location  Problems for mine workers  John Mitchell  Mine Owners reaction to the strike  TR intervened  Arbitration  Result of the Hearings

Economic Reform

 Laissez-faire  More Government Regulation  Trusts and Monopolies  Ida Tarbell  Trustbuster

The Northern Securities Case

 TR’s first case  A combination of railroads in the Northwest  Sherman Anti-trust Act  The Court ordered the trust to dissolve.

Good Trust vs. Bad Trust

 Good Trusts   Beat its rival because of better prices Better products   Managed more efficiently Should only be regulated  Bad Trusts  Formed to gouge the public   Ends competition Should be broken up or dissolved

Interstate Commerce Commission

 Hepburn Bill  What did the ICC control?

Political Reforms

  City Level   Lincoln Steffens Political bosses State Level        Robert LaFollette Increase power of voters Recall Initiative Referendum Direct Primary Direct elections  National Level    16 th Amendment 17 th Amendment 18 th Amendment  19 th Amendment

Other Reform Legislation

 Meat Inspection Act  Upton Sinclair’s book “The Jungle”  Pure Food and Drug Act  Definition of Conservation  Newlands Reclamation Act

Women’s Suffrage

 Workmen’s Compensation Laws   Susan B. Anthony & Elizabeth Cady Stanton Women’s Suffrage  By 1896, women could vote in 4 states  Alice Paul  Carrie Chapman Catt  19 th Amendment

Video Clip on Women’s Suffrage

Women’s Christian Temperance Movement

 Francis Willard  Carrie Nation  The Anti-Saloon League  18 th Amendment

Muckrakers

 Definition  Famous Journalists   Ida Tarbell Lincoln Steffens    Jacob Riis Upton Sinclair Lewis Hines

President Taft

 Characteristics  Definition of a Tariff  Advantages and Disadvantages to Tariffs  How Did he Disappoint the Progressives?

 Pinchot Affair  The Insurgent Revolt

Video Clip on Taft

Royal Progress of TR

 TR toured through Western Europe   Spoke out against Taft when he returned “New Nationalism”—called for unity behind a program of improvement and control  TR Runs against Taft in a new party called “The Progressive Party”  Election of 1912

Woodrow Wilson and the New Freedom

 Characteristics  Tariff Reform  Currency and Banking Reform  Federal Reserve Act  Clayton Anti-Trust Act  Federal Trade Commission

Video Clip on Wilson

Summary of Progressive Ideas

So What Was Missing?

 Attitudes about Race   Still called for Chinese immigration laws Didn’t fight for equality for African Americans

The African-American Crisis

 The 13 th , 14 th , & 15 th Amendments  Jim Crow Laws  Sharecropping  Lynchings  Ida Wells

The Plight of African Americans

The NAACP

 Definition  WEB DuBois  Booker T. Washington  The Niagara Movement  The Great Migration

Seeking A World Role

 TR  Taft  Wilson

TR and Foreign Affairs

 Motto: Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick  Loved power for the US and himself  US became the 2 nd largest navy in the World

The US and the Far East

 Russo-Japanese War  TR offered arbitration  Reasons US got involved  He ended the war and won the Nobel Peace Prize  Conditions of the Root-Takahira Agreement

The Panama Canal

 History  Offer to Columbia  Panamanian Revolt  Panama leases Canal  Building of the Canal  Main Obstacles  Yellow Fever  Dr. Gorgas  Cost of the Canal

Video Clip on the Panama Canal

Roosevelt Corollary

 Addendum to the Monroe Doctrine  Us would intervene in Latin America if there was any chronic wrong doings.

Foreign Affairs Under Taft and Wilson

 Dollar Diplomacy  Moral Foreign Policy   President de Facto Pancho Villa