Transcript Document

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第三教研室
张敏
Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
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第三教研室
张敏
Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
dockside
第三教研室
张敏
Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
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第三教研室
张敏
Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
oil tanker
bulk
carrier
passenger liner
cargo liner
container liner
container freight liner
express liner
conventional liner
feeder liner
general cargo liner
ocean liner
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
rue
repent of; wish nonexistent
rue the day when one did sth.
You'll live to rue it.
Britannia rules the waves
Britain is sorry that she has lost her dominance on
the high seas.
Britain’s merchant fleet is no longer an important
item of news these days
lifeline
anything on which one’s life depends
Shipping in Britain has developed into a famous,
profit-making industry.
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
peril
exposure to harm or injury; imminent danger
at the peril of in peril
All is not lost that's in peril.
He is in peril of his life.
the British fleet faces the danger of being forced out
of the trade as a result of intense foreign competition
eastern bloc countries
Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria,
East Germany
undercut sell or work at lower prices or wages than
bent on
strongly inclined or determined
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
The social imperialists are bent on keeping the
situation tense in the Middle East.
There is no doubt that they are bent on the complete
destruction of Hitler and Nazism.
the lion’s share
the largest or best part of sth. when it is divided;
Several beasts joined the lion in a hunt; but , when
the spoil was divided, the lion claimed one quarter in
right of his prerogative, one for his superior courage,
one for his dam and cubs, “and as for the fourth, let
who will dispute it with me.” Awed by his frown, the
other beasts silently withdrew.
As usual, the lion’s share of the budget is for defense.
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
who are determined to control most of the trade
stake
a share/interest, as in property, a person,
or a business venture
The simplest explanation for the Western nations’
reluctance to support sanctions is their considerable
economic stake in South Africa.
in which Britain has a big stake
Britain has important interests in these trade routes
Translate the clause “it can … in 1914”.
big
to a large amount; or considerable amount
talk/act big
think big
invested big put in a great deal of money
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
(infml) to obtain a profit or other advantage
by timely exploitation
cash in
the shipping companies took advantage of
government grants and tax concessions.
launch
launch a satellite
launch an attack
launch a new enterprise
many companies which had a long history couldn’t
stand the economic strain and went bankrupt.
dodgy (infml, esp. B. E.) risky and possibly dangerous
shipping conferences have made sea transportation
which in itself involves great danger less risky
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
to make a big killing
to rap big profit, to make a large amount of money
suddenly, esp. in business
weather
come through successfully; pass safely
through (storm, difficulty)
It was a difficult time for her, but she weathered
through beautifully.
there will not be any rush and struggle to monopolize
the dwindling trade to the exclusion of others
Our profits have quadrupled in ten years.
charter rates plummeted
the amount of money paid for chartering oil-tankers
dropped drastically
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
moth-ball
1. marble-sized balls of naphthalene, stored
with clothes (esp. woolens) to repel moths;
2. the state of being stored , or kept in
existence but not used, as of no further use
He keeps his car in mothballs during the winter
months.
We shall have to put this idea in mothballs.
more and more oil tankers all over the world lay idle
British shipowners had not invested big in the tanker
trade from the very beginning when the demand of oil
was great
a sudden falling off/decline, as in activity,
slump
prices/ business
a stock market slump
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
By 1976, the bulk-carrier trade had begun to suffer
because of the slump
doldrums
1. a region of the ocean near the equator,
characterized by calms, light winds
2. a low and sad state of mind;
a state of inactivity
The President was relying heavily on his think tank
to shake his Administration out of the doldrums.
pinch
suffering caused by lack of necessary things,
esp. money
American farmers, feeling the pinch, raised loud cries
of protest.
The President’s economic sanction against the Soviet
Union should pinch in the months ahead.
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第三教研室
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
entrench establish securely (used in passive voice/
with a reflexive pronoun)
The troops were entrenched near the mountains.
He entrenched himself behind his newspaper.
be entrenched within tradition
that is where Britain’s fleet is firmly and securely
established/has a firm hold
the going freight rate
currently accepted charge for sending the specified
goods there
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
plus
(informal) a welcome or favourable addition
The clear weather was a plus for the golf tournament.
the plus and minus factors
buoy
a float moored in water as a warning of
danger or as a marker for a channel
buoyancy
ability to recover quickly from setbacks
so long as other industries are not affected and are
still developing in a satisfactory manner
That makes it possible for them to stand a better
chance than…
Much of the fleet carries goods between foreign
countries.
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
run
the journey to a (stated) place by train or ship
a ship on the San Francisco run
a train on the Beijing-Shanghai run
British companies are doing much business on the
line between Japan and Australia.
the Persian Gulf
inroad
(often in pl.) an injurious intrusion on/into;
an advance, esp. at another's expense;
+ on/upon/into
Foreign products have made inroads into the
American economy.
These hospital expenses made inroads on my savings
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
They are also the routes…the biggest inroads.
They are also the routes on which the Third World
and the Russians are making a determined effort to
take over (to grab) from Britain as much business
as possible.
the status symbol
a sign which sows one’s high social position
Developing countries regard…after a national airline.
Developing countries consider a merchant navy very
important because it is a sign showing that these
countries have become economically strong and
independent, so after they have set up a national
airline, the next thing thy would like to have is a
merchant fleet.
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
throw in the towel
admit defeat or failure; surrender
sponge
to spend money on those branches with advanced
and complex technology so that Third World countries
cannot afford and are not in a position to compete
put up
provide (funds) in advance
They finally got a company to put up money for the
new musical.
dockside
is far from being the whole…the Third World threat
this strategy is not at all (by no means) the complete
answer to the Third World threat. This does not
entirely solve the problem
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
1. to establish/apply as compulsory; to apply
by/as if by authority
+ on/upon
impose
New duties were imposed on wines and spirits.
2. obtrude or force (oneself, for example) on
another or others
Don't impose yourself on people who don't want you.
3. vi. to take unfair advantage
You are always imposing on their generosity.
they want to impose…of the shipping trade
they want to pass a series of rules for all the
countries to follow, hoping that in this way they will
be able to get the biggest share of the trade
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
find expression in
be expressed by means of
At home, British outrage found expression in news
headlines.
Growing mutual suspicion found its expression in
increased armaments and the preparation of plans
for war.
Let this plaque serve as an expression of our esteem.
the United Nations Conference on Trade and
Development
That leaves only 20 per cent…cross-traders
The cross-traders will have to fight for their shares
of the 20 percent that have been left to them
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
if it does become universal
if it is ratified by most of the countries and comes
into effect
show a satisfactory reason or excuse for
justify
sth. done
A far more serious view was taken of the situation
than was justified.
The course of events fully justifies our views.
Nothing can justify such careless mistakes.
He had justified every expectation.
Neither the growth in Russia’s trade nor that in world
trade would require ( warrant, demand) such a rapid
development of Russia’s cargo-liner fleet; would make
it necessary for the fleet to develop so rapidly.
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
has already made major inroads into Western trade
has already penetrated (cut ) deeply into Western
trade, that is, has taken over a large part of the trade
carried by Western fleets
afford to
1. be able to do sth. without causing
serious problems
We simply can't afford to offend such an important
customer.
2. have enough money/time to do sth.
They can't afford to buy such an expensive color TV
set.
3. be able to spare or give up
We are almost busy to death now and can't afford
an hour for lunch.
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
How can the Russians…40 per cent?
How is it possible for the Russians to stand the loss
of lowering the freight rate by 40 percent?
in our sense of the word
how we understand the word
the name of the game
(colloquial) the basic, central, or critical point of the
matter
Well, all right, I said, the name of the game is trust:
you’ve got to trust things.
In the rough and tumble world of professional
basketball, survival is often the name of the game.
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第三教研室
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
The phrase comes from the fact that in certain games
esp. in card games, the game’s object is expressed
by its name, as in the expression “to get 21”.
The thing that really counts (matters) for Russian
ships is foreign currency; the true purpose why the
Russians undercut by up to 40 percent is to grab the
trade( to squeeze out the competitors) and earn
foreign currency.
What does the word “even” indicate?
make up
do or provide (sth lacking, needed, not
done, lost or missed)
the loss can be compensated by the Soviet
government in roubles
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
there is more to it than that for the Russians
that is not the only purpose of the Russians
The former allies are now sworn enemies. But there
was more to it than that: Vietnam has become Soviet
Russia’s pawn in Southeast Asia.
He turned and went out, cursing his own stupidity.
And yet as he walked towards the barn, he knew in
his heart that there was more to it than that.
which …reach well beyond its perimeters
these ships would undoubtedly make it possible for
the Soviet Union to exert its influence on countries
far from its territory
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
project 1. cause (an image) to appear on a surface
project the slide onto a screen
2. get (ideas, feelings, one’s presence etc.)
across to others effectively
A singer must learn to project his voice so as to be
heard in a large hall.
A politician must project himself if he wants to win
an election.
project one's country overseas
to project their power at some distance from their
own frontiers
to cause their influence to be felt at places far away
from their own territory
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
hydrographic policy
a plan to study and map the oceans with reference to
their navigational and commercial uses
this is also part of a general Soviet hydrographic
policy to map the oceans of the world
the mapping of the oceans will make its fleet familiar
with the main sea-routes all over the world; this
should be considered part of its expansionist policy
Translate the 25th paragraph.
limit
greatest or smallest amount, degree, etc. of
what is possible
+ to
Are there no limits to your tolerance?
He will support it to the limit of the resources at his
disposal.
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They would surely fight if pushed to the limit.
There is a limit, …can do on its own.
There will be a point where the British government
finds it cannot do any more (finds it has exhausted
its resources).
… has been calling for a coordinated response
Britain, West Germany and Demark have asked other
EEC member countries to take joint action to meet
the Russian challenge
the monitoring of Russian ship movements
the watching, following and checking on Russian
ship movements
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the French… blocked plans along these lines
the French, because of their close connections with
the Soviet Union, created all kinds of difficulties to
prevent the adoption of plans that could put into
effect countermeasures to offset the Russian
challenge
Shipowners fear that… its merchant fleet.
Shipowners fear that those people might be more
concerned about employment in the shipyards than
about saving the British merchant fleet.
produce in quantity without quality; to
churn out
produce in an abundant & automatic manner
This factory churns out lots and lots of cars a day.
She churns out romantic novels.
第三教研室
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13
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subsidy financial assistance given by one person or
government to another
British shipbuilders would raise all the credit
British shipbuilders would be responsible for securing
loans for the Poles
Smaller shipping lines do not have the resources to
diversify
Smaller shipping companies cannot afford to invest in
several different trades so as to make sure they won’t
suffer great losses.
when these smaller shipping companies go bankrupt
(are forced out of business), a big part of the few old
industries that have been doing well and bringing in
huge profits will also close down (stop functioning)
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第三教研室
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Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 13