Transcript CHAPTER 7 Section 1 Terms, People, and Places

CHAPTER 15
SECTION 1
TERMS, PEOPLE, AND PLACES
• Conquistador
• Immunity
• Hernan Cortes
• Tenochtitlan
• Malinche
• Alliance
• Moctezuma
• Francisco Pizarro
• Civil War
Conquistador – Spanish explorers who claimed
lands in the Americas for Spain in the 1500s and
1600s.
Immunity – Natural protection, resistance.
Hernan Cortes – Early conquistador who landed on
the coast of Mexico in 1519 with 600 men, 16 horses,
and a few canons. Cortes created alliances with the
Aztec enemies. He conquered the Aztecs in
Tenochtitlan in 1521 in a brutal struggle. In addition,
disease decimated the population.
Tenochtitlan – Capital city of the Aztec empire, on
which modern-day Mexico City was built.
 Malinche – Young Indian woman who served the Spanish
as a translator, she knew Maya, Spanish, and the Aztec
languages.
 Alliance – Formal agreement between two or more
nations or powers to cooperate and come to one
another’s defense.
 Moctezuma – Aztec emperor.
 Francisco Pizarro – He was interested in Peru’s Inca
Empire which was reputed to have even more riches
then the Aztecs. He arrived in Peru in 1532 aided by
Indian allies he conquered the Inca Empire with superior
weapons and disease. As a result, he added much of
South America to Spain’s growing empire.
 Civil War – A war fought between two groups of people
in the same nation.
CHAPTER 15
SECTION 2
TERMS, PEOPLE, AND PLACES
• Viceroy
• Encomienda
• Barolome de Las Casas
• Peon
• Peninsular
• Creole
• Mestizo
• Mulatto
• Privateer
 Viceroy – Representative who ruled one of Spain’s
provinces in the Americas in the king’s name; one who
governed in India in the name of the British monarch.
 Encomienda – Right the Spanish government granted
to its American colonists to demand labor or tribute
from Native Americans.
 Bartolome de Las Casas – A bold priest who
condemned the evils of the encomienda system. In
vivid reports to Spain, Las Casas detailed the horrors
that the Spanish rule had brought the Native Americans
and pleaded with the King to end the abuse.
 Peon – Worker forced to labor for a landlord in order to
pay off a debt.
Peninsulare – Member of the highest class in Spain’s
colonies in the Americas.
Creole – Person in Spain’s colonies in the Americas
who was an American-born descendent of Spanish
settlers.
Mestizo – Person in Spain’s colonies in the Americas
who was of Native American and European descent.
Mulatto – People of African and European descent.
Privateer – Privately owned ship commissioned by a
government to attack and capture enemy ships,
especially merchant’s ships.
CHAPTER 15
SECTION 3
TERMS, PEOPLE, AND PLACES
• New France
• Revenue
• Pilgrims
• Compact
• French and Indian War
• Treaty of Paris
New France – French possessions in present-day
Canada from the 1500s to 1763.
Revenue – Money taken in through taxes.
Pilgrims – English Protestants who rejected the
Church of England.
Compact – An agreement among people.
French and Indian War – War between Britain and
France in the Americas that happened from 1754 to
1763; it was part of a global war called the Seven
Years’ War.
Treaty of Paris – Peace treaty made final in 1783
that ended the American Revolution.
CHAPTER 15
SECTION 4
TERMS, PEOPLE, AND PLACES
• Olaudah Equiano
• Triangular Trade
• Middle Passage
• Mutiny
Olaudah Equiano – When he was 11 years old he
was seized from his Nigerian village by slave
traders. He was then transported as human cargo
from West Africa to the Americas.
Triangular Trade – Colonial trade routes among
Europe and its colonies, the West Indies, and Africa
in which goods were exchanged for slaves.
Middle Passage – The leg of the triangular trade
route on which slaves were transported from Africa
to the Americas.
Mutiny – Revolt, especially of soldiers or sailors
against their officers.
CHAPTER 15
SECTION 5
TERMS, PEOPLE, AND PLACES
• Columbian Exchange
• Inflation
• Price Revolution
• Capitalism
• Entrepreneur
• Mercantilism
• Tariff
Columbian Exchange – The global exchange of
goods, ideas, plants and animals, and disease that
began with Columbus’ exploration of the Americas.
Inflation – Economic cycle that involves a rapid rise
in prices linked to a sharp increase in the amount
of money available.
Price Revolution – Period in European history when
inflation rose rapidly.
Capitalism – Economic system in which the means
of production are privately owned and operated for
profit.
Entrepreneur – Person who assumes financial risk
in the hope of making a profit.
Mercantilism – Policy by which a nation sought to
export more than it imported in order to build its
supply of gold and silver.
Tariff – Tax on imported goods.