Transcript Chapter 29.1

Components of the Plant Body
AP Biology
Spring 2011
Plant Tissue Systems
 The above ground system:
 Shoots
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Consisting of:
Stems
Leaves
Flowers
Plant Tissue Systems
 Stems:
 Provide support for upright
growth increasing the
likelihood that leaves will be
able to collect sunlight needed
for photosynthesis
 Photosynthetic cells in leaves
use the light energy to make
sugars
Plant Tissue Systems
 Flowers:
 Attract pollinators which are often required for seed
production
Plant Tissue Systems
 The below ground system:
 Roots
 Absorb water and minerals from
soil and conduct them to the
shoot
 They store food
 Anchor and support plant
Plant Tissue Systems
 Plant systems contain three different tissues
 Dermal tissue systems: covers and protects the plant’s
surfaces
 Ground tissue: makes up the bulk of the plant body
 Vascular tissue systems: contains two kinds of
conducting tissues that distribute water and solutes
through the plant body
Plant Tissue Systems
 Plant tissues originate from meristems
 Meristems: localized regions of self-perpetuating,
embryonic cells, retain ability to divide
Plant Tissue Systems
 Apical meristems at the tips of roots and stems is
responsible for growth and elongation
 Descendents of some of these cells will develop into
specialized tissues of the elongating root and stem
 Primary growth: growth originating at root and shoot
tip
Plant Tissue Systems
 Lateral meristem tissues are responsible for the
increase in diameter of older roots and stems
 Called secondary growth
Eudicots and Monocots
 Cotyledons: seed leaves, leaf-like structures that form
inside seeds as part of the pant embryo
 Store or absorb food
 After seed germinates, they wither, and new leaves start
to make food by photosynthesis
Eudicots and Monocots
 Monocots: have one cotyledon
 Include grasses, lilies, irises, palms
 Usually three floral parts (or multiples of three)
 Leaf veins usually running parallel with one another
 One pore or furrow in the pollen grain surface
 Vascular bundles distributed throughout ground
tissue
Eudicots and Monocots
 Eudicots: have two cotyledons
 True dicots
 Include common trees and shrubs, except conifers
 Usually 4 or 5 floral parts (or multiples of 4 or 5)
 Leaf veins usually in a netlike array
 Three pores or furrows on pollen grain surface
 Vascular bundles organized as a ring in ground tissue
Eudicots and Monocots
 Refer to page 495 figure 29.4 for a comparison