Transcript Chapter

Chapter
2
Hand Tools
Objectives
• Identify the various types of hand tools.
• Describe the advantages and disadvantages of
each type of hand tool.
• Select the proper hand tool for the job.
• Demonstrate skills in using various hand tools.
• Demonstrate how to use hand tools safely.
• Maintain, repair, or replace damaged tools.
• Demonstrate good craftsmanship in the
performance of daily tasks.
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Tools for Technicians
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•
•
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Acquire quality tools
Care for them properly
Skillfully use them
Always use the correct tool for the job
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Wrenches
• Most widely used type of hand tool
• Used to hold or turn nuts, bolts, cap screws, and
other fasteners
• Applying too much torque can strip threads or break
off bolt heads
• Always use wrenches safely
• Know when to repair or replace
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Types of Wrenches
• Open-End
– Open jaw on each end
• Box-End
– Closed on both ends
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Types of Wrenches (Cont.)
• Combination
– Has one open-end and
one box-end
• Refrigeration Service
– Designed to turn
refrigeration service
valve stems
– Can have ratcheting
feature
Ritchie Engineering – YELLOW JACKET Products Division
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Types of Wrenches (Cont.)
• Flare-Nut
– Box wrench with an
opening in the box
– Use to turn flare nuts
• Adjustable
– Has a movable lower
jaw
– Turn so force is on the
fixed jaw
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Types of Wrenches (Cont.)
• Allen
– Also known as a hex
key
– Hardened steel shaft
with a hexagonal
shape
– Available in different
styles
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Socket Wrenches
• Individual, cylindershaped box-end
attachments used
with a handle
• Handles often have
ratcheting feature
• Socket openings may
be 4, 6, 8, or 12-point
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Pliers
• Used to grip, cut, crimp, hold, or bend various
materials
• Choose the correct type of pliers for the job
• Always use pliers safely
• Know when to repair or replace
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Types of Pliers
• Lineman’s
– Have a strong sidecutting feature
– Useful electrical tool
• Long-Nose
– Allow technicians to
reach into tight places
– Available in a variety
of nose designs
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Types of Pliers (Cont.)
• Diagonal Cutting
– Designed for cutting
electrical wires, cotter
pins, nails, and other
fasteners
• Pump
– Used for gripping
round, square, flat,
and hexagonal objects
– Size opening
adjustable through
tongue and grooves
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Types of Pliers (Cont.)
• Slip-Joint
– Designed for gripping,
turning, and bending
– Two jaw opening sizes
• Adjustable
– Different types
available
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Types of Pliers (Cont.)
• Locking
– Use a compound
leverage system to
lock the jaws for
holding various
shapes and sizes of
work
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Screwdrivers
• Used to drive or withdraw threaded fasteners
• Available in wide variety of shapes and sizes
• Reversible screwdrivers have a different tip at each
end of the shank
• Interchangeable bit screwdrivers
• Screw-holding screwdrivers
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Nut Drivers
• 6-point socket head
• Useful for removing
and replacing small
hex head screws and
nuts
• Available in a range
of sizes
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Hammers
• Used for various striking operations
• Use the correct hammer for the job and use it
properly
• Always use hammers safely
• Know when to repair or replace
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Types of Hammers
• Nail
– Curved claw and straight
claw
– Different sizes for light
and heavy work
• Ball Pein
– Designed for use when
riveting, shaping, and
straightening metal
– Also used when striking
chisels and punches
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Types of Hammers (Cont.)
• Soft-Faced
– Used where steel
hammers would mar or
damage the workpiece
• Engineer’s
– Designed for heavyduty striking
– Also called “sledge
hammer”
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Types of Hammers (Cont.)
• Setting
– Have square corners
and straight sides
– Designed for sheet
metal work
Klein Tools, Inc.
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Hacksaws
• Used to cut all types of metal objects
• Blades are selected according to the number of teeth
per inch
• At least two teeth should contact the metal being cut
• Can use one or two hands on the saw to make cuts
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Twist Drill Bits
• Used to cut smalldiameter holes in
metal or wood
• Made up of shank,
body, and point
• Available individually
and in sets
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Wood Bits
• Designed to drill into
wood, plastic
laminate, plaster,
foam insulation, and
similar materials
• Common wood bits:
– Spade-type
– Auger-type
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Other Types of Drill Bits
• Hole Saws
– Designed for cutting holes
– Used on steel, aluminum, copper, brass, sheet
metal, stainless steel, wood, or plastics
• Masonry
– Used for drilling brick, stone, concrete, and ceramic
materials
– Star drills designed for hand-drilling holes
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Snips
• Used to cut sheet metal, screens, gaskets, and
straps
• Four basic types
– Straight-pattern, combination, duckbill, and aviation
• Other types
– Curved blade, bulldog, double-cut, and jeweler’s
• Always use snips safely
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Straight Snips
• Used for making
straight-line cuts
• Available in different
sizes
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Combination and Duckbill Snips
• Used for cutting
curves in either
direction
• May be used for
straight-line cutting
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Aviation Snips
• Uses compound lever
for less effort to cut
than other types of
snips
• Made of alloy steel
• Cutting blades are
serrated
• Available in straight,
left-hand, and righthand patterns
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Punches
• Used to mark parts
before disassembly
• Used to make an
indentation in metal
before drilling
• Common types of
punches
– Center
– Prick
– Pin
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Cold Chisels
• Used to cut off
damaged or badly
rusted nuts, bolts,
rivet heads, or other
fasteners
• Do not use dull
chisels or those with a
mushroomed head
• Edge can be
sharpened with hand
file or whetstone
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Repair or Replace
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Do not use worn out or broken tools
Damaged tools will not do the job properly
They can put the users and others at risk
Repair or replace worn tools as required
Replacing a tool is a small cost compared to the cost
of an injury or time wasted by poor performance
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