Transcript Document

Periods of the British History
Этапы истории Британии
Евдокимова И.В.
ГБОУ СПО Российский колледж
традиционной культуры СанктПетербурга, 2012 год
The Ancient Period
• Two thousand years ago
there was an Iron Age
Celtic culture
throughout the British
Isles.
• It has two famous
examples: Sillbury Hill,
the largest burial
mound in Europe, and
the Stonehenge.
The Roman Period (43 - 410)
• The Roman province of
Britannia covered the
most of present
England and Wales.
• They lived in cities.
They built a lot of villas,
baths and temples.
• In the fifth century the
Romans left Britannia
and return to Rome.
The Germanic Invasions (410-1066)
• During the fifth century
the Angles and the Saxons
from the north-west of
Europe settled in the
south-east of the country.
• They introduced new
farming methods and
founded the thousands of
self-sufficient villages. .
The Vikings
• In the eighth century
the invaders, known as
Vikings, came from
Scandinavia.
• The cultural difference
between Anglo-Saxons
and Vikings were small.
The Vikings soon
became Christians.
The Medieval Period ( 1066 - 1485 )
• On 14 October 1066 an
invading army from
Normandy defeated the
English at the Battle of
Hastings.
• The Norman leader, Duke
William of Normandy,
became king of England.
He is known as 'William
the Conqueror.
• Britain came into the
main way of western
European culture.
Normans and English-speaking Saxons
• In modern English there
are words for the living
animals (cow, pig, sheep),
which have their origins
in Anglo-Saxon, and for
the meat from animals (
beef, pork, mutton),
which have their origins
in the French language
that the Normans
brought to England.
• The legendary folk hero
of the medieval period
is Robin Hood.
The Sixteenth Century
•
The throne of England
was claimed by two
rival groups.
• The Lancastrians,
whose symbol was a
red rose, supported the
descendants of the
Duke of Lancaster.
• The Yorkists, whose
symbol was a white
rose, supported the
descendants of the
Duke of York.
• The struggle for power
led to the 'Wars of the
Roses' between 1455
and 1485.
Henry VIII(1509 - 1547)
• Henry VIII(1509 - 1547) is
one of the most wellknown monarch in
English history, because
he took six wives during
his life.
• In 1530s Henry made
himself the head of the
'Church of England'
independent of Rome. All
church lands and money
came under his control.
THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY
• In 1666 Fire of London
destroyed most of the
• The Civil War started in
city's old wooden
1642, which ended with
buildings.
complete victory for the
parliamentary forces.
The king Charles I was
captured. The leader of
the parliamentary army,
Oliver Cromwell,
became 'Lord Protector'
of a republic.
• In 1660 the monarchy
and the Anglican
Church was restored.
The Eighteenth Century
• In Parliament two
different political
groups were formed the Whigs and the
Tories.
• In this century Britain
expanded its empire in
the America, the west
African coast and in
India.
• In 1783 after a war,
Britain recognized the
independence of the
American colonies.
The British Empire
• In this century Britain
controlled the biggest
empire the world had
ever seen.
• It included Ireland,
Canada, Australia, New
Zealand,
India, large parts of
Africa, as well as
numerous smaller areas
and islands.
The Nineteenth Century
• There was a great
increase in wealth
during the century.
• So Britain became the
biggest world's
economic power.
• Queen Victoria reigned
from 1837 to 1901. She
became a popular
symbol of Britain's
success in the world .
The Twentieth Century
• By the beginning of
this century, Britain
was no longer the
world's richest country.
• The problem of Ulster
was in the north of
Ireland.
• In Parliament, the
Labor party replaced
the Liberals
References
•
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http://www.lookandlearn.com/blog/?p=10938
http://blogs.mail.ru/mail/olgastar1948/46F04DB59041A897.html
http://www.artchive.com/web_gallery/L/Lieve
-Verschuier/The-Great-Fire-of-London-in1666.html
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