Transcript Slide 1

The Global Ocean Observing System
(GOOS) and the U.S. Integrated Ocean
Observing System (IOOS); with focus on
the National Backbone
GCOOS Meetings
24-27 April 2006
Biloxi, MS
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Outline
• Global Ocean Observing System
• U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System
- Background
- The Global Module
- The Coastal Module
- The National Backbone
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Global Ocean
Observing System
(GOOS)
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Global Ocean Observing System
(GOOS)
• GOOS is an end-to-end system of observations, data
management, and production and delivery of products/services.
• GOOS is being coordinated by United Nation agencies with the
participation of some 100 ocean nations.
• Together with the World Weather Watch, Global Atmospheric
Watch, Global Climate Observing System and Global Terrestrial
Observing System, GOOS is an element of the Global Earth
Observation System of Systems (GEOSS).
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The GOOS Modules
The Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) has been
designed and is being implemented in two modules:
•
The global module is designed to monitor, predict,
and understand marine surface conditions and climate
variability/change; and
•
The coastal module is designed to sustain healthy
marine ecosystems, ensure human health, promote
safe and efficient marine transportation, enhance
national security, and predict and mitigate against
coastal hazards.
The U.S. contribution to GOOS is called the Integrated
Ocean Observing System (IOOS).
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U.S. Integrated Ocean
Observing System
(IOOS)
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Background
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1998 U.S. Congress Called for an
Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS)
Provide Data/Info Required for
More Rapid Detection & Timely Prediction of State Changes
• Improve the safety & efficiency of marine operations
• Improve homeland security
• Mitigate effects of natural hazards more effectively
• Improve predictions of climate change & their effects
• Minimize public health risks
• Protect & restore healthy ecosystems in coastal
environments more effectively
• Sustain living marine resources
1 System, 7 Goals
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Framework for IOOS
•
Ocean.US formed in 2000
 Governed by a federal Executive Committee
 Prepare & maintain IOOS Development Plans
 Coordinate interagency implementation
•
2004 U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy
 Implement the IOOS
 Implement ecosystem-based management
approaches to natural resources & water quality
 Strengthen the Regional Approach
•
President’s Ocean Action Plan
 Enhance Ocean Leadership & Coordination
 Establish IOOS as part of GEOSS
 Optimize & Harmonize Use & Conservation
of Ocean, Coastal & Great Lakes
 Manage Coasts & their Watersheds
 Establish strong partnerships among
stakeholders
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Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS)
An End–to–End System that Routinely Provides Data & Information
Specified by
Groups that Use, Depend on, Manage or Study
Oceans & Coasts
GOOS
(1) Analysis, Modeling
(2) Data Management & Communications
End
To
End
(3) Observing
In Situ & Remote Sensing
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Integrated End – to – End System
Rapid Access to Diverse Data from Many Sources
Observations
Data
Telemetry
Data Management
& Communications
Metadata standards
Data discovery
Fixed Platforms
Ships
Data
Management
Search & Rescue
Coastal Flooding &
Erosion
Beach Closures
Data transport
Online browse
Drifters & Floats
Products &
Services
Maritime Navigational
Services
Satellites
Aircraft
Modeling &
Analysis
Data archival
AUVs
Water
Management
Nutrient
Management
Fisheries
Management
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Ecosystem-Based, Adaptive Management
10000 km
1000 km
Disease
Mass
Mortalities
Habitat
Modification
ENSO
NAO
PDO
• Rapid & Repeated
Detection of changes
Coastal
Flooding
100 km
Climate
Change
10 km
1 km
Changes
In
Fish Harvest
100 m
10 m
hour
Harmful
Algal
Events
day
Land-Use
Practices
 over a broad spectrum
of time-space scales
• Timely Predictions of
such changes
Propagation of Change
week
month
year
decade
century
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Tune the flow of environmental data & information to the
Time scales on which decisions should be made
WE DO NOT HAVE THIS CAPABILITY TODAY
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Why?
• Cultural divides
• Inefficient, ineffective data management
• Under sampling in time, space & ecological complexity
• Lack of capacity for rapid data acquisition & analysis
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U.S. IOOS
Multi – Scale Hierarchy of Observations
Global Ocean
Climate Component
GOOS/GCOS
Coastal Ocean
Component
GLs
NE
GoA
H
Isl
MAB
Regional
Observing
Systems
NW
C
Cal
S
Cal
SE
Carrib
Go
Mex
National
Backbone
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The Global Module
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Global Component of the GOOS
Integrates Remote & In Situ Sensing
An International Collaboration
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Broad Objectives of Ocean Component
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Monitoring and detection of climate change
Seasonal-to-interannual climate prediction
Marine and weather forecasts
Short-range ocean forecasts
Understanding decadal variations
Support of scientific research
Routine ocean state estimation
International coordination and oversight of the global ocean component is
by the WMO-IOC Joint Technical Commission for Oceanography and
Marine Meteorology; U.S. participation is significant.
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Key Actions
• Full implementation of the surface and subsurface
observing networks
• Designate and support national agents for implementation
and establish research-operational partnerships
• Timely, free, unrestricted data exchange and
comprehensive data management procedures
• International standards for metadata for essential climate
variables
• Develop more cost effective two-way communication
technologies
• Develop integrated global climate product needs
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Multi-year Phased Implementation Plan (representative milestones)
2000
Tide Gauges
Surface Drifting Buoys
Tropical Moored Buoys
Ships of Opportunity
2001
2002
2004
2005
79
2006
91
2007
2008
2009
2010
106
126
148
170
51
56
67
67
69
807
671
779
787
1250 1250 1250
975 1250 1250 1250
77
77
79
79
79
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24
544
Reference Stations
15
29
35
Arctic System
29
0
Dedicated Ship Time
340
0
97
104
115
119
Number of moorings
28
34
45
51
51
51
High resolution and frequently
repeated lines occupied
3000 3000 3000 3000 3000
923 1572 2300
31
29
30
0
1
37
30
24
370
370 497
1
1
2
41
42
34
27
497 497
3
7
Number of floats
54
60
78
89
Number of observatories, flux,
and ocean transport stations
37
54
64
78
85
Ice buoys, drifting and
Moored stations
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29
31
31
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Repeat Sections Committed,
One inventory per 10 years
531
640
730
830
830
Days at sea (NOAA contribution)
8
9
9
9
9
Product evaluation and
feedback loops implemented
49
31
24
Number of buoys
87
26
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Ocean Carbon Network
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Real-time Stations
Initial GCOS Subset
84
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Argo Floats
System Evaluation
2003
(NOAA contribution)
Initial Ocean Observing System Milestones including international contributions
Total System
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34
40
45
2000
2001
2002
2003
48
53
55
66
2004
2005
2006
2007
77
88
100
2008
2009
2010
System % Complete
19
56% complete
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GCOS Climate Reference Tide Gauge Stations
54% complete
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The Coastal Module
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Coastal Component
National Backbone
• Federal Agencies
Responsible
Regional COOSs
• EEZ & Great Lakes
• Regional Associations
Responsible
• Core variables required by
regions & Federal Agencies
• Involve private & public
sectors
• Network of sentinel &
reference stations
• Inform Federal Agencies
of user needs
• Standards/Protocols
• Enhance the backbone
based on user needs
• Incorporate sub–regional
systems
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11 Groups Funded by
NOAA Coastal Services Center to
Establish Regional Associations (RAs)
ACOOS
NANOOS
GLOS
CenCOOS
SCCOOS
PacIOOS
NERA
MACOORA
SECOORA
GCOOS
CaRA
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IOOS & Data Management
• Data Management and Communications
(DMAC) subsystem - a primary integrating
mechanism for IOOS
• Framework to link diverse observing
systems into an integrated, interoperable
data-sharing network
• DMAC Plan: evolving recommended data
and metadata standards, protocols, and
operating practices
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IOOS Coastal Backbone
Core Variables
• Geophysical
 Sea surface
meteorological
variables
 Land–Sea Stream
flows
 Sea level
 Surface waves,
currents
 Ice distribution
 Temperature, Salinity
 Bathymetry
• Biophysical
 Optical properties
 Benthic habitats
• Chemical
 pCO2
 Dissolved inorganic
nutrients
 Contaminants
 Dissolved oxygen
• Biological
 Fish species,
abundance
 Zooplankton species,
abundance
 Phytoplankton species,
biomass (ocean color)
 Waterborne pathogens
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IOOS Coastal Component
High Priority Research & Pilot Projects
•
Surface current mapping
 Product: real–time surface current maps
 HF–radar, remote & in situ sensing
 Data assimilation–numerical modeling
•
Space–based remote sensing
 Improve chl algorithms for ocean color
 Increase spatial, temporal, & spectral resolution
 Sea surface salinity
•
Aircraft remote sensing of near shore environments
 LIDAR
•
Coupled physical–water quality/ecosystem models
 Ecosystem – Based Management
•
Glider development for in situ sensors
•
In situ sensors for core variables
 Chemical & biological
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IOOS Summary: Current Status
• 1st Annual IOOS Development Plan




Global ocean– climate component being implemented
Initial backbone in place
Sub– regional coastal ocean observing systems funded
DMAC Plan completed
• Regional groups funded to
 Form Regional Associations
 Engage User Groups: Public & Private Sectors
 Establish RCOOSs
• Government support
 Current Funding: ~ $ 125 M
 Executive order
 Legislation in Congress to Authorize Additional Funding
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The National Backbone
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The National Backbone of the IOOS
U.S. IOOS
Multiscale System of Systems
Global Ocean
Climate Component
GOOS/GCOS
• How will it be
specified?
Coastal Ocean
Component
National
Backbone
GoA
GLs NE
NW
H
Isl
Low
• What is it?
SW
Reso
lutio
n
High
MAB
Go SE
Mex
Regional
Observing
Systems
• How will it be
implemented?
• How will it be
funded?
Based on a Presentation by Tom Malone, Ocean.US Office
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Background
• Spatial boundaries are blurred intentionally
 Global & coastal components overlap.
 RCOOSs overlap w/ the National Backbone & each other.
 Fixed boundaries are needed for funding & accountability only.
• At this time, RCOOS development is focused on
regional needs (or should be).
• As an integrated component of the IOOS, the Initial
National Backbone (NB) exists in concept only.
 The First IOOS Development Plan recommends
• Existing operational assets for an initial observing subsystem for the
NB;
• Road map for developing the DMAC subsystem
 As the DMAC subsystem comes into being, the NB will transition
from concept to reality.
 At this time, the recommended NB assets are funded & operated
by federal agencies for the most part.
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What is the NB in Concept?
• Initial Observing Subsystem
Infrastructure
Measures the core variables in the nation’s
Exclusive Economic Zone & Great Lakes
Transmits DMAC-compliant data to data
assembly centers routinely & reliably
Remote sensing: sea surface temperature
only
In situ sensing: Sparse network of sentinel
& reference stations
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Programs Recommended for NB
Core Variable
Sea surface winds
NOAA
C-MANa, NWLONb
NDBCc, PORTS®d, NERRSe
Navy
USACE
Integrated
buoy
program
Stream f low
Temperature
USGS
Stream
gauging
NSIPf
NSQAN g
GOES, POES, NDBC,
CoastWatch, C-MAN
NW LON, PORTS®, LMR-ESg,
NER RS
Salinity
LMR-ES, PORTS®, NERR S
Coastal Sea Lev elTopography
NW LON, PORTS®
W av es
NDBC
Currents
Dissolv ed
Inorganic Nutrients
NDBC, PORTS®, National
Current Observation Program
LMR-ES
Habitat assessment, NERR S
Integrated
buoy
program
Integrated
buoy
program
ADFCi
Integrated
buoy
program
NSIP
Coastal Field
Data Collection
Program
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Programs Recommended for NB
(continued)
Core Variable
Chlorophy ll
Habitat &
Bathy metry
Plankton
Abundance
Abundance &
distribution of
LMRs & protected
species
Population
Statisticsj
Fish Catch
NOAA
Navy
USACE
USGS
LMR-ES, NERR S
Hy drographic Surv ey
Coral reef mapping
Coral reef monitoring
Coastal mapping
Topographic change mapping
Benthic habitat mapping
Habitat assessment
Coastal change assessment
mapping
LMR Surv ey s
Ecosy stem Surv ey s
LMR Surv ey s
Ecosy stem Surv ey s
Protected ResourcesSurv ey s
National observ er
LMR-ES
National observ er
National observ er
Recreational f si heries
Commercial statistics
Hy drographic
Surv ey ing
Coral reef
mapping &
monitoring
Coastal
change
mapping
Benthic
habitat
mapping
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Societal Goals & NB Programs
Socie tal Goals
Program s
C-MAN
NW LON
NDBC
PORTS
Integrated Buoy
Program
NSIP
NSQAN
GSN
CFDC P
National Current
Observ ing
Program
Hy drographic
Surv ey ing
Coastal
Mapping,
Shoreline
change
Weather
Climate
Natural
Hazards
Homeland
Security
Public
Health
X
X
X
X
Maritime
Operation
s
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Ecosyste
m Health
Living
Resources
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
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Societal Goals & NB Programs
(continued)
Socie tal Goals
Program s
Benthic Habitat
Mapping &
Monitoring
Coastal Change
Assessment
Mapping
Coastwatch
GOES
POES
ADFC
NERR S
LMER-ES
Protected
Resource
Surv ey s
National
Observ er
Program
Recreational
Fisheries
Commercial
Statistics
Weather
Climate
X
X
X
X
Maritime
Operation
s
Natural
Hazards
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Homeland
Security
Public
Health
Ecosyste
m Health
Living
Resources
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
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Next Steps
• Initial NB recommended in the 1st IOOS Development Plan
 Does not include elements of regional or subregional observing
systems at this time.
• Phased development of the NB
 Stage 1: Identify Building Blocks (Today)
• Initial NB as recommended in 1st IOOS DP & IOOS DP: FY 2006 – 2008
 Stage 2: Integration (2006 – 2008)
• Initial DMAC subsystem implemented
• All elements of the IOOS becoming DMAC compliant.
• Regional & subregional elements incorporated into the NB based on
user needs & recommendations in IOOS Development Plans
 Stage 3: Transition to a fully user–driven system (2008 – )
• Must be DMAC compliant & support products & services requiring data
integration
• RCOOSs become integral part of the IOOS as a whole
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How Will It Be Specified & Implemented?
• Ocean.US Responsible for Design
Specifications & Development Plans
 IOOS Implementation Conferences
• Federal Agencies  Regional Associations
 IOOS Development Plans
• Ocean.US  Joint Subcommittee on Ocean
Science and Technology (JSOST)
• Federal Agencies & RAs responsible
for implementation
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How Will It Be Funded?
IOOS Funding Model
Non-Federal
Funding
RCOOSs
Federal Funding
RCOOSs
Federal Funding
National Backbone
Federal Funding
RA Administration
RA 1
RA 2
RA 3
RA 4
RA 5
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Thank You
• GOOS International
http://ioc.unesco.org/goos/
• GOOS U.S.
http://www-ocean.tamu.edu/GOOS/
• IOOS – Ocean.US
http://ocean.us/
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