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Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math ASTR/PHYS 109 Dr. David Toback Lecture 1 Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 1 Before we start… •Get comfortable… we will be using the full lecture time today •Studies show that the students who sit up front get the best grades – They also tell you WHY Introduction – http://people.physics.tamu.edu/toback/TeachingArticle/PerkinsWieman_PT.pdf Big Bang, Black 2 Topic 1: Introduction Holes, No Math Overview 1.What this course is really about and why I’m teaching it 2.How the course is organized 3.Stuff you’ll need for the course and the next lecture Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 3 Big Picture This course is really designed to teach the wonder and excitement of the universe around us • I want it to be understandable • By the end of the course, I want you to be able to communicate the understanding AND the excitement to others 4 Introduction Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Topic 1: Introduction The Story •I think in terms of stories as well as questions and their answers The story of how the Universe came to be the way is now •We have a good degree of confidence in this story Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 5 Some of the Questions • How did the Universe come to exist? • A Big Bang occurred… then what? • How did we get from a Big Bang ~14 billion years ago to the Universe we have today? • What are black holes REALLY? • What are dark matter and dark energy? • Is the Universe REALLY expanding? Will it contract again and we’ll all die? Introduction • Should I be worried? Topic 1: Introduction Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math 6 Questions and Evidence •These are important questions for all for humankind •Everyone should know about (some of) these questions and what we know about the answers •You should also know something about the evidence Introduction Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Topic 1: Introduction 7 Aside before we continue • I will admit I have a bone to pick… I think there is WAY too much ignorance about science and too much science phobia – I prefer a world where there is evidencebased decision making • Some of the many problems: 1. Physics taught for people to USE rather than enjoy (physicists/engineers in training) 2. Learning to DO physics requires math, and lots of it, which makes it un-fun for many people 3. Often taught by people who have whatIntroduction it was like to not Big Bang, forgotten Black 8 Topic 1: Introduction Holes, Nounderstand Math Communicating the Excitement • A great deal of the understanding can be had WITHOUT the math – You can enjoy music without being a musician or a composer • As future leaders I want you to be able to go out into the world and effectively teach your senators, friends, co-workers, etc. why this stuff is exciting and important Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 9 Back to the Course This course is designed to teach you about the Big Bang, Black Holes, Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and other stuff, and to do it without the Math Next talk about HOW we’ll do it… Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 10 Being a Detective • Want you to use evidence to make decisions like a detective (Sherlock, Elementary, Criminal Minds, CSI, NCIS, Bones, House, Law & Order, others…) – Don’t need you know HOW to do DNA tests – Do need you to understand that DNA tests (using blood from the scene of the crime) can tell us whose blood it is) • Can we put together evidence that would convince a jury? Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 11 What’s the Evidence? • What is the evidence that the Big Bang actually occurred? • What is the evidence that supports our understanding of the “history” of the Universe? • What is the EVIDENCE for little things we can’t see directly with our own eyes? – Atoms, protons, electrons, Dark Matter – Black Holes Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 12 Course Content These are REALLY big questions • We want to know what we observe in the universe – Big and Small • To do this we need to understand some of the most important ideas in science – Quantum Mechanics – General Relativity – Others Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 13 Don’t worry •Don’t worry… we aren’t going to do ALL of physics in a semester •We aren’t going to ask you to calculate anything •What we want is for you to understand, and re-tell, the story and explain some of the evidence Introduction Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Topic 1: Introduction 14 How the course is organized Next few slides are on course organization, grades etc… Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 15 Class Time • We meet from 5:45PM to 7:00PM • Will use the full time period • I expect you to be on time and prepared for Introduction Big Bang, Black class 16 Topic 1: Introduction Holes, No Math Coming to Class • Need you to be proactive DURING class!! Get into it and have fun • If you need sugar or caffeine go for it… just do it quietly – Candy/Soda machine just outside the door at the top of the steps • Laptops will only be allowed in the first 5 rows, and with explicit permission Introduction Big Bang, Black 17 Holes, No Math Topic 1: Introduction Class Time • Lecture will be a time where you and I interact by asking and answering each others questions • You will need prepare BEFORE lecture – Do the reading assignments – Write down, and turn in online, questions on the reading • “Pre-Lecture Reading Questions” – Be ready to be answer questions in class using a clicker • If you don’t understand something, ask a question in class! Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 18 Course Work You will: • Read about the Big Bang and Black Holes in the books • Ask and discuss questions before, during and after class • Answer some questions in paper format, and learn to be a critic of excellent writing • Take quizzes online about the material Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 19 Course WebSite Course Home Page faculty.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109 Most things can be found there… if you can’t find it, send me email at [email protected] Syllabus is also on Howdy Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 20 Textbooks Required Textbook • Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math (Toback) • Extra credit for students who email me corrections which make it better • eBook or paper is fine. Can order now at bigbang.physics.tamu.edu Recommended books • Briefer History of Time (Hawking) • The Science of Interstellar (Thorne) • Theory of Everything (Hawking) • Stephen Hawking’s Universe (Filkin) • The First Three Minutes (Weinberg) • Other readings on the Web Make sure you get the most up-to-date versions of each (see webpage) – Not “Brief History”, Briefer History – I find purchasing them online is much cheaper – Paperbacks available for most Introduction Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Topic 1: Introduction 21 Grades • I like for my students to do well and I like giving lots of good grades • It will be a lot of work, so if you don’t want to keep up with the class every day, work hard and stretch your mind, you should drop now • I’ll expect you to keep at it until you get it right • Do all the work and I’ll make it worth your while, both in terms of fun and your grade – If you blow off the easy stuff or don’t ask for help when you need it, then I’m unlikely to have much sympathy when you ask for a grade Introduction change at the end of the Big Bang, Black 22 semester Topic 1: Introduction Holes, No Math Grades The course grade will be: 1.Short Papers: 90% 2.In-class quizzes and PreLecture Reading Questions Assignments: 5% 3.End-of-Chapter, and other online quizzes: 5% No in-class exams or final Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 23 Requirements to Pass the Course • Some things need to be turned in to pass the course – All the stages for each Paper Assignment (in CPR) – All the End-Of-Chapter quizzes – Pre-Lecture Reading Question Assignment for Unit 1 • Some things MUST get a passing grade to pass the course – All End-Of-Chapter quizzes and Pre-Lecture Reading Questions for Unit 1 • Some things in the course are pass/fail the first time, but are for a grade after that – Unit 1 PLRQ • Note: you are allowed (but not encouraged) to get Introduction Big Bang,aBlack zero on the later PLRQ assignments 24 Holes, No Math Topic 1: Introduction Papers •Will talk more about the papers as we get closer to doing them •If you want to learn more about them now, go to the FAQ page Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 25 Regular and Honors Sections • Regular sections – ASTR 109-501 – PHYS 109-501 • Honors sections – ASTR 109-200 – PHYS 109-200 There is no difference between the Physics and Astronomy sections (All meet together) Students in the honors section will have an extra research paper – See Course Introduction Big WebPage Bang, Black Holes, No Math Topic 1: Introduction Recitation • No recitation for this course • However, there are assistants who are here for you to ask questions, get help with your eCampus work and give you feedback on your paper drafts – Katrina Colletti and Xuji Zhao Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 27 Lab – ASTR/PHYS 119 • You are not required to take the Lab for this course • Useful if you want to use this course as a Tier 2 science course, or just want to learn more/get more in-depth • Two different sections, pick one – Tuesday: 12:45PM-2:45PM – Wednesday: 12:40PM-2:40PM • Will meet this week • You need to read the lab Manual and do BEFORE lab Big Bang, the Black prep work Introduction 28 Holes, No Math Topic 1: Introduction More about the various assignments Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 29 Pre-Lecture Reading Questions • It is important to learn how to ask good science questions, and to be well prepared for Lecture • For these reasons we will have a number of PLRQ Assignments • Will be turned in online – Will be doing a full Unit at a time – Each assignment has 2 stages (more on this later) – Will us the Calibrated Peer Review (CPR) system (more on this later also) • There is a set of guidelines on what we are looking for on the websites, and practice quizzes online before we start – You will be responsible for reading instructions before next class – First set is Pass/Revise, you have to keep redoing them until you get Introduction a passing score Big Bang, Black 30 Holes, No Math Topic 1: Introduction In-Class Quizzes There will frequently be in-class quizzes • Most will be done with an iClicker – Can buy the old ones – Register with your UIN at http://www.iclicker.com/support/regis teryourclicker/ (we will be using eCampus) • We will some times do written answers – Bring a sheet of lined paper and a pen everyday Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 31 End-of-Chapter Quizzes in eCampus • There are End-of-Chapter quizzes for each chapter – Helps ensure you have a good knowledge of some of the important FACTS for each chapter – Will be done online, using eCampus – Are assigned AFTER we finish the chapter in lecture, and due before the next lecture Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 32 End-of-Chapter Quizzes Cont. Bad news: • To pass the course you need to get a perfect score on all of them Good news: • You can take as many attempts as you want until you get a perfect score • I will only count your best score I REALLY want you to learn and get good grades! Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 33 More on eCampus Quizzes • There are free warm-up quizzes before the End-of-Chapter quizzes – Need a 100% on them (don’t worry… they are easy) • There will be a course pre-test called AMS (Astronomy Misconception Survey) AFTER you finish the warm up – Please do your best. Won’t count as part of your grade. We just want to know what you know coming into the course • After these are done you will get a set of CPR and PRLQ quizzes – Instruction quizzes – Practice Quizzes • When these are done you will be able to get to the End-ofChapter Quizzes – First one is Chapter 2 (no chapter 1 quiz) – EOC quizzed due AFTER we finish the chapter in lecture Introduction Big Bang, Black 34 Topic 1: Introduction Holes, No Math Review: Plan for Each Chapter Example for Next Time • Before Lecture: – Read Chapters 1-4 in BBBHNM (Unit 1) – Write down FOUR questions for Unit 1 • Will give more instructions on how to submit CPR next time, don’t need to turn this in during class. Just hold on to them for now – Do the warm-up eCampus quizzes • During Lecture – Listen & Ask Questions – Take clicker and other quizzes – More CPR/PLRQ Instructions • After Lecture – If we finish Chapter 2, then take End-of-Chapter quiz 2 in eCampus – PLRQ for Unit 1 in CPR Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 35 Typical Order of Things to Do! Things will be a little different for the first week, but here is the general picture Write PLRQ Questions and Submit to CPR (stage 1) before due date Read Chapters for the whole Unit After Stage 1 due date, do Stage 2 of CPR for PLRQ Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Go to Lecture, take in-class Clicker quizzes and actively participate After we finish a chapter in Lecture, do the End-ofChapter Quiz in eCampus Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 36 Just for Fun… • We have created a “just for fun” Facebook account for students (past, present and future) who want to stay in touch with the course • Learning about the Big Bang and Black Holes Without the Math • It’s not part of the course, but I try to post fun, related things there periodically – If you send me something fun (and appropriate) I’ll post it for everyone – If you send me something fun, but inappropriate, I’ll say thank you and just enjoy privately • Also, lots of fun stuff on http://people.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/Video/ Introduction Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Topic 1: Introduction 37 Frequently Asked Question Page • Can be found on the main course page • http://faculty.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/1 09FAQ.shtml • In general, you should check there if you have a question about the course or assignments before emailing – Don’t want to highlight to your professor you haven’t done the reading when you email Big 38 Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction Next Time… • Start with in-class written quiz and in-class iClicker quiz • Talk more about eCampus and CPR stuff – End-of-Chapter Quizzes – PLRQ Assignments • Lecture is on Chapter 2 • The Very Big Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 39 Prep for Lecture 2 Pop Quiz The in-class quiz at the beginning of the next class on will contain at least two of the following questions: • Why are you taking this class? • What do you most want to know about? – Be prepared to answer these two honestly (there are no right answers, and don’t tell me what you think I want to hear) • Are you taking ASTR/PHYS 119? Why/Why not? Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 40 Prep for Next Time – L1 • Reading: – Required: BBBHNM: Chapter 1-4 – Recommended Reading: • BHOT: Chap. 1-3 • SHU: Chap. 1-2 • TOE: Chap. 1 – Pre-Lecture Reading Questions • Read Instructions on what kinds of questions we are looking for at • http://people.physics.tamu.edu/toback/109/Question_Guideline_109_CPR.pdf • Write down 4 questions on paper from Unit 1 (Chapters 1-4) or the recommended reading – Instructions on what to do with them next time • eCampus: – Read eCampus Instructions on the main course page – Complete Warm-up quizzes, AMS, CPR and PLRQ quizzes in eCampus • Other Prep: – Make sure you are receiving email using the Official A&M email, will use it for class announcements – BringBlack lined paper and your iClicker to the next class Introduction Big Bang, Holes, No Math Topic 1: Introduction 41 Full Set of Readings So Far • Required: BBBHNM: Chap 1-4 • Recommended: – BHOT: Chap. 1-3 – SHU: Chap. 1-2 – TOE: Chap. 1 Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 42 Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 43 Prep for Lecture 2 Pop Quiz The in-class quiz at the beginning of the next class on will contain at least two of the following questions: • Why are you taking this class? • What do you most want to know about? – Be prepared to answer these two honestly (there are no right answers, and don’t tell me what you think I want to hear) • How many pages are there in the “Pre-Lecture Reading Question Grading Guidelines”? • What is the webpage for the “physics department eCampus instructions?” • What is the website for the BBBHNM book? • Are you taking ASTR/PHYS 119? Why/Why not? Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 44 End-of-Chapter Quizzes in eCampus • There will be End-of-Chapter quizzes for each chapter – Will help ensure you understood each chapter – Are assigned AFTER we finish the chapter in lecture, and due before the next lecture • Will be done online, using eCampus • Before we start on them, we will do practice in Introduction eCampus Big some Bang, Black Holes, No Math Topic 1: Introduction NetID Account You will need a netID account • You are responsible for checking it periodically for email • Will use it for eCampus stuff and turning in your papers Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 46 Books continued… • Again, the goal of this course isn’t to understand Everything about the Universe (that would mean understanding ALL of physics) but to be able to understand enough of it to be able to tell the story • If you don’t understand something, ask a question in class! Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 47 The Big Questions • What do we really know about the universe? How do we know it? Where did the universe come from? Where is it going? • Did the universe have a beginning? If so, what happened before then? • What is the nature of time? Will it come to an end? • Can we go backward in time? Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 48 Just getting started… • It’s tough to be energetic this time of the day!! • I like enjoying class, so I’ll work hard for this to be fun for all of us • I’ll try to take one break per class for humor, and often show short video clips at the beginning (please be on time) – You guys will need to send me good videos and jokes, I don’t have enough! Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 49 Stuff You’ll Need for the Course 1. In general 2. For the next lecture and the weeks after that Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 1: Introduction 50