Transcript Document

Last Minute Recap
Format of Paper 1: 1 hour, 5 Questions: *Read Questions FIRST  Read documents as you answer the questions
1a: 3+ facts (can quote – keep it short!) [3 marks]
1b: 2 meanings (based on visual or text, be specific, do not over-write) [2 marks]
2: Compare/Contrast (separate responses – be specific/explicit in c/c) [6 marks]
3: O-P-V-L (separate responses, ) [6 marks]
4: Mini-Essay: Answer the Q, Opposing View, Justify the 2, ALL docs & Outside info, save 20 minutes for this [8 marks]
Paper 1: USSR
Khrushchev --> Destalinization, Virgin Lands Program (Corn!)
(JFK, Cuban Missile Crisis)
Brezhnev (Eyebrows)
Détente (SALT I, START, non-proliferation)
1968: Brezhnev Doctrine
Prague Spring (Dubcek)
Afghanistan: 1979-1989 (2014 Paper 1)
Helsinki Accords :1975
Paper 1: Eastern Europe
Paper 1: PRC
Legacy of Mao 
Great Leap Forward (1958) = Fail, “2 bad harvests”
Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (1966-76), Red
Guard, 10 Lost Yrs, Sent down youth
Lin Bao Incident (1971)
Poland: (2013 Paper 1)
Solidarity, Lech Walesa,
Gdansk shipyards, Pope John
Paul II…
Germany / Berlin:
Fall of the Wall: 1989
die Wende/The Turning Point
German Reunification, 1990/1
Andropov/Chernenko  Gerontocracy
Gorbachev (Birthmark)
Young, reformer
Glasnost, perestroika, democratization
“More efficient socialist economy”  capitalism
Law on Joint Enterprises (1986) = privatization
Law on Cooperative (1988): private services,
manufacturing
1986 trouble: Chernobyl, Alcohol reforms
1989: Sinatra doctrine (my way), Berlin Wall falls
Eastern Europe: (Can be considered Internal or External)
Solidarity (Lech Walesa)
Velvet Revolution (Vaclav Havel)
Hungary (Ceausescu) – most violent
Germany: W/E Berlin, Fall of wall, Re-unification 1990/1
Czechoslovakia:
Legacy of Prague Spring 1968
(Alexander Dubcek, socialism
w/ a human face), Imre Nagy
(hanged), Velvet Revolution,
Alexander Dubček, Václav
Havel
Hungary:
“Democracy package”
Romania:
Fall (execution) of Nicolae
Ceaușescu
Singing Revolution:
1987-1991, Baltic States
Yeltsin Russian Federation – 1991
Yugoslavia: Death of Tito, 1980
1976: Deaths of Zhou Enlai (Quingming festival) & Mao
Power players:
Gang of Four (Madame Mao)
Hua Gaufeng (Mao 2.0) – “Two Whatevers”
Deng Xiaoping
Hu Yaobang – Freedom of choice, purged, died…
Deng Xiaoping: The Pragmatist
*Justifies socialism w/ Chinese Characteristics (Black
cat/white cat)
1978: Four Modernizations:
Agriculture, Industry, Sci-Tech, Defense
Special Economic Zones (SEZs)
Town and Village Enterprises (TVEs)
Foreign invest/trade / Open Door Policy (2.0)
Household Responsibility System (HRS)
Individual Responsibility System (IRS)
1980s = Industrial Revolution
1989: Tiananmen Square (June 4/ 5) – Repression,
caved to hardliners/conservatives in the politburo (legacy
of gerontocracy), no 5th modernization
Common Limitations of Sources:
•Subjective (Emotionally Laden)
•Evidence: Language, Tone, Style
•Public vs. Private
•Proximity to Event
•Selective use of information
•Political Bias
•Historian - National/Social
Influence/Bias
•Language Issues (access to foreign
documents/translation)
•Soviet Secrecy & Manipulation of
Statistics
•Lack of access to Communist Archives
(pre-1991 USSR)
•Face Saving
•Propaganda
•General texts lack depth/detail
•Exaggeration (Motivation for?)
Papers 2 & 3: Approx. 5 minutes pre-writing, 40 minutes writing
Select the topics/Prompts that you can answer MOST SUCCESSFULLY
Paper 2: DO NOT WRITE ABOUT: Hitler, Mussolini or Franco! Do not select Korea/Vietnam Specific prompt
Paper 3: Do not select Canada
 Pre-writing: ADDRESS THE TASK!!!! Plan Bodies, consider counter-arguments
 Strong thesis in introduction: ADDRESS THE TASK!!!!
 Bodies: Strong topic sentences, groupings based on task, key concepts, key figures, dates, events, and historiography
 Conclusion; Strong, re-state thesis, acknowledge limitations and counter-arguments
Paper 2
Single Party States
Historiography
Cold War
Orthodox = Traditional Perspective
Soviet Orthodox = Pro-Communism
Western Traditional (aka Liberal)= ProCapitalism & Democracy (ex. Richard Pipes)
Paper 3
HOA Units to Review:
•
•
Independence Movements
United States Civil War:
causes, course and effects
1840-77
The Great Depression and
the Americas 1929-39
The Second World War
and the Americas: 19331945
Political Developments in
the Americas After the
Second World War: 19451979
The Cold War and the
Americas 1945-1981
Civil Rights and social
movements in the
Americas
At least 1 leader from each
region
•USSR (Europe): Lenin OR
Stalin
•PRC (Asia): Mao
•Cuba (Latin America): Castro
Know Chronology!!!
Origins of the Cold War:
Ideology, Conferences
US & USSR Foreign Policies
(Doctrines)
Revisionism & Post-Revisionism:
Revisionism: 1st time opposing or conflicting
views emerge as legitimate
Post-Revisionism: Justifies both sides, possibly
with new information
•Rise to Power (including
Ideologies)
Regional Examples:
Germany: Berlin blockade &
airlift (1948-49), Berlin Wall
(1961)
1950s Cuba: Castro, Revolution,
Embargo, Bay of Pigs Invasion,
Cuban Missile Crisis
Korea & Vietnam: Proxy wars,
policies
Ideology:
Marxist, Leninist, Stalinist, Cult of: Lenin, Stalin,
Mao
Détente:
1960s & 1970s – change in
policies and East/West relations
START, SALT I
USSR: Pravda, Sheila Fitzpatrick, Robert Service,
Orlando Figues, Simon Sebag Montefiore
PRC: The Peoples Daily, Edgar Snow, Jonathan
Spence, Official PRC historiography (70/30),
Chang & Halliday
Cuba: Granma, Foreign Affairs Article,
Dominguez, The Real story of the Cuban Missile
Crisis, Arthur Schlesinger Jr.
Know the foreign &
domestic policies of Cold
War Presidents
Propaganda
Review Historiography
•Examples of Foreign &
Domestic Policies
•Successes & Failures
•Global Impact
•Dates
•Historiography:
•General (Orthodox,
Revisionist, PostRevisionist)
•Specific: Know 1 name
for each
End of the Cold War: 1989-1991
Eastern Europe
Fall of Berlin Wall
Collapse of USSR
Archives:
USSR archives opening after fall 1989/1991
PRC & Cuba = Still in control, keeps control of
information
USA = Declassified documents = freedom of
information act, Sensitive info = still redacted
•
•
•
•
•
Review Castro & the
Kennedys
What do I NEED to study?  Paper 1
• Communism in Crisis: 1976-1989
– USSR & Eastern Europe: 19791991
– Eastern Europe: Poland,
Czechoslovakia, Germany…
– PRC: 1976-1989
• Format of Paper 1:
– 1 hour
– Questions:
•
•
•
•
•
1a: 3+ facts
1b: 2 meanings
2: Compare/Contrast
3: O-P-V-L
4: Mini-Essay
–
–
–
–
Answer the Q
Opposing View
Justify the 2
ALL docs & Outside info
• Key Leaders
• Key Policies/Doctrines
• At least 3 (significant) dates
• Key Vocabulary
• Causes & Effects
• Historiography?
What do I NEED to study?  Paper 2
Single Party States:
Cold War:
•
•
Know Chronology!!!
•
Origins of the Cold War:
At least 1 leader from each region
–
–
–
–
–
USSR (Europe): Lenin OR Stalin
PRC (Asia): Mao
Cuba (Latin America): Castro
Egypt (Europe): Nasser
DO NOT WRITE ABOUT: Hitler, Mussolini
or Franco!
–
–
•
Regional Examples:
–
•
Rise to Power (including Ideologies)
•
Examples of Foreign & Domestic
Policies
•
–
–
•
–
Dates
•
Historiography
1960s & 1970s – change in policies and
East/West relations
•
Global Impact
•
Germany: Berlin blockade & airlift (1948-49),
Berlin Wall (1961)
1950s Cuba: Castro, Revolution, Embargo, Bay
of Pigs Invasion, Cuban Missile Crisis
Korea & Vietnam: Proxy wars, policies
Détente:
–
Successes & Failures
Ideology, Conferences
US & USSR Foreign Policies (Doctrines)
•
START, SALT I
End of the Cold War: 1989-1991
–
–
–
Eastern Europe
Fall of Berlin Wall
Collapse of USSR
Historiography – In General
• Orthodox = Traditional Perspective
– Soviet Orthodox = Pro-Communism
– Western Traditional (aka Liberal)= Pro-Capitalism & Democracy
• Orthodox View of Korean War in USA = War was justified
• Orthodox view of Vietnam war in USA = War was a mistake
• Revisionism & Post-Revisionism:
– Revisionism: 1st time opposing or conflicting views emerge as legitimate
– Post-Revisionism: Justifies both sides, possibly with new information
• Ideology:
– Marxist, Leninist, Stalinist, Cult of Mao, Arab Nationalist, Arab Socialist, PanArabism
• Archives:
–
–
–
–
USSR archives opening after fall 1989/1991
PRC & Cuba = Still in control, keeps control of information
Egypt: Importance & translations of Arab documents = emerging field of study
USA = Declassified documents = freedom of information act
• Sensitive info = still redacted
Historiography - Specific
• USSR:  fall in 1991
– Pravda, propaganda
– Sheila Fitzpatrick, Robert Service, Orlando Figues
– Richard Pipes
• PRC:  still exists!!!!
– The People’s Daily
– Edgar Snow, Jonathan Spence, Chang & Halliday
• Cuba:
– Foreign Affairs Article  Dominguez
– Arthur Schlesinger Jr  Kennedy historian
• Egypt:
– Anthony Nutting, Robert Stephens, Eric Hobsbaum
What do I NEED to study?  Paper 3
• Independence Movements
• United States Civil War:
causes, course and effects
1840-77
• The Great Depression and
the Americas 1929-39
• Civil Rights and social
movements in the
Americas
• ZINN!!!!