Transcript PRSP Process

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
Promotion
A civil society submission to the
Government of Bangladesh on
National Strategy for Economic Growth,
Poverty Reduction and Social
Development
(Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper)
What is a PRSP
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In September 1999 the World Bank and IMF
developed a new framework for giving low
interest loans and debt relief to 42 poorest
countries in the world.
This is conditional on countries developing a
Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP)
PRSP is about prioritising budget allocation in
order to achieve poverty reduction objectives.
The PRSP is matched by national level medium
term expenditure framework (MTEF). Gradually
the MTEF and PRSP could be the basis for all
donor assistance.
WaterAid and Partners involvement in
the process
 WAB and Partner NGOs consider access
by the poor to affordable safe water
supplies and environment sanitation as
central to poverty reduction.
The main objective of their
engagement
 To ensure that access to safe water and
environmental sanitation remain a priority
in the PRSP.
Chapter structure of iPRSP
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"what the broad lessons are from the past
development experience"
"where we stand now in terms of poverty and
social indicators"
"what do the voices of the citizens suggest"
"where we would like to go by the year 2015"
"how we are going to reach the social targets"
"what would be the macroeconomic framework
for poverty reduction in the medium-term"
"how do we know that we are reaching our
targets"
The stated iPRSP goals
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Remove the ‘ugly faces’ of poverty by
eradicating hunger, chronic food insecurity,
and extreme destitution;
Reduce the number of people living below the
poverty line by 50 percent;
Attain universal primary education for all girls
and boys of primary school age;
Eliminate gender disparity in primary and
secondary education;
Reduce infant and under five mortality rates
by 65 percent, and eliminate gender disparity
in child mortality;
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Reduce the proportion of malnourished
children under five by 50 percent and
eliminate gender disparity in child
malnutrition;
Reduce maternal mortality rate by 75 percent;
Ensure access of reproductive health services
to all;
Reduce substantially, if not eliminate totally,
social violence against the poor and the
disadvantaged groups, especially violence
against women and children;
Ensure comprehensive disaster risk
management, environmental sustainability and
mainstreaming of these concerns into the
national development process.
5 strategic elements
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accelerating pro-poor economic
growth
fostering human development of
the poor
women’s advancement and closing
of gender gaps
social protection
participatory governance and
enhancing non-material dimensions
Accelerating pro-poor economic
growth – infrastructure
development
Improved and safe water supply and
sanitation services will be emphasized
for
• Reducing health costs
• Improving malnutrition
• Increasing productivity of labor
• Reducing time spent by women and
children in water collection
• More productive use of time and
resources by poor households
How will this happen?
Following the National Water
Supply and Sanitation Policy 1998,
a development framework will be
worked out to address the issues in
a comprehensive manner.
Impact
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Every day 20,000 metric tons of human excreta are
deposited on public lands and waterways. This is one of
the main causes of contamination surface water
125,000 children under five die each year from
diarrhoeal disease, 342 children per day
Diarrhoeal disease causes 5.75 million disability
adjusted life years – 61% of total DALYs.
5 billion taka (us$ 80 million) is spent every year for the
treatment of hygiene related diseases
Every child in Bangladesh suffers an average of three to
five diarrhoeal attacks in each year, which is a major
contributor to malnutrition
Women and girls suffer the most from water, sanitation
and hygiene deficiencies. A lack of privacy in sanitation
increases the risks of urinary tract infection,
reproductive health problems and physical attack.
WaterAid’s participatory impact assessment, Looking Back,
cites the following connections between water projects
and different aspects of poverty:
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Improvements in livelihoods and productive time
Minimising the costs of healthcare due to significant
reduction in diarrhoeal and other water-related diseases
Reduction in infant and maternal mortality and
morbidity
Improved mental health
Increased school attendance, especially for girls
Improvements in the quality of family life
Increased participation in social/community activities
and observance of religious obligations
Enhanced self-esteem of individuals and communities
Recommendations:
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Special emphasis should be given to
addressing water and sanitation and
hygiene promotion in the ‘Deprivations
in Health’ section of the full PRSP.
Improved water supply, sanitation
services and hygiene practices need to
be emphasised as a major element for
the building of human capability in the
full poverty reduction strategy for
Bangladesh.
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To enable sustainable integrated
community managed water supply and
sanitation schemes to be realized, the
empowerment of local government
requires the decentralization and
devolution of the roles and
responsibilities.
The approaches and outputs for the
Water and Sanitation sector need to be
revised from the hardware output
approach to a people centered
approach.
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Recommendation for an additional
goal/target for the full PRSP:
Ensure access to safe water,
proper sanitation (100%) and
hygiene practices by all by the year
2015.
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The approaches required to ensure
the maximize the impact and
ensure the sustainability of the
water and sanitation interventions
under ‘Infrastructure
Development’ should be explicitly
set out in the ‘Fostering Human
Development of the Poor ‘ route to
poverty reduction with special
emphasis on hygiene education.
Include integrated water,
sanitation and hygiene education
in the essential health package.
 Water and Sanitation should be
addressed as a separate sector
under ‘Infrastructure
Development’ at Annex 6
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Give more emphasis to
preventative health care
approaches in the full PRSP.
Provide the disease base data for
mortality and morbidity which will
help to understand the overall
health situation and identify
priority areas for intervention.
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Special effort is needed for
awareness building on issues
related to gender among all (men,
women and children) for action
towards transformation of the
gender division of labour.
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Ideally, separate budget lines for water,
sanitation and hygiene promotion
activities/interventions will be explicitly
stated in the Medium Term Expenditure
Framework.
Investments in water and sanitation
should be considered as investments for
the nation for building human capability
to reduce the overall poverty of the
country.
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A clear policy indication is needed
for the urban poor, especially those
living in urban slums, to provide
them basic water and sanitation
services.
The main debate in Bangladesh
about settlement is the tenure of
slums people and access to basic
services needs a policy direction
for the poverty reduction of the
urban poor.