Transcript SE Florida Road User Costs

Assessment of Southeast Florida
Road User Costs
presented to
Southeast Florida FSUTMS Users Group
presented by
Don Vary
Cambridge Systematics, Inc.
November 2, 2007
Agenda
Project Overview
Review of Methodologies
Values Developed
2
Assessment of Road User Costs
Project Overview
District 4 starts to build economic assessment framework
Develop localized and statewide values for
• Travel time
• Vehicle operating costs
• Transit being considered separately
Develop flexible spreadsheet applications
Assess localized travel costs in construction zones
3
Project Overview
Steps
• Conduct literature reviews
• Determine key markets, factors
• Conduct data review, collection, analysis
• Develop values ($/mile)
• Conduct workshops
− Methodology
− User group
4
Development of Vehicle Operating Costs
Methodology for Auto and Truck VOCs
National
Fuel Costs
Depreciation
Finance
Adjustment Factors
City/Highway
Conditions
Speed
State
Fuel Tax
Sales Tax
Licensing and
Registration
Local
Tires
Maintenance
and Repairs
5
Insurance
VOC
Sources
Cost
Parameters
Vehicle Operating Costs
Methodology – Basic Parameters/Assumptions
Vehicle class types
• Autos – compact, mid-size, large, minivan, SUV
• Trucks – single-unit and combination-unit
Driving range
• Auto – 12,000-15,000 miles per year
• Truck – 100,00 miles per year
Driving conditions
• Operations in urban setting (35 mph)
Vehicle age
• Autos – 10-year old vehicle
6
• Trucks – costs averaged over 5 years @ 100,000 miles/year
Vehicle Operating Costs
Methodology – Fuel Costs, Consumption Rates
Fuel prices
• Energy Information Administration
Consumption rates
• Auto – www.fueleconomy.gov
• Truck – MDOT VOC study
Consumption Rates and Costs/Mile
7
Small Size Vehicle
(mpg)
Medium Size Vehicles
(mpg)
Large Size Vehicles
(mpg)
Overall Fuel Efficiency
(mpg)
31.2
23.8
20.7
24.8
$0.074/mile
$0.096/mile
$0.11//mile
$0.097/mile
Single-Unit Truck (mpg)
Combination-Unit Truck (mpg)
9
6.5
$0.248/mile
$0.343/mile
Maintenance and Repairs
Methodology – Costs/Mile
Contacted dealerships
Function of
• Cost of oil/filter changes (3K)
• Regular tune-ups (30K)
• Prevailing shop rates
Cost per Mile
8
Small Size Vehicle
Medium Size Vehicles
Large Size Vehicles
$0.03
$0.03
$0.04
Single-Unit Truck
Combination-Unit Truck
$0.063 (11.2%)
$0.084 (10.7%)
Tires
Methodology – Costs per Mile
Contacted local dealerships
Function of
• Mileage between changes (45K)
• Cost of new tire set
• Statewide and local wage rates
Cost per Mile
9
Small Size Vehicle
Medium Size Vehicles
Large Size Vehicles
$0.01
$0.01
$0.02
Single-Unit Truck
Combination-Unit Truck
$0.030 (5.3%)
$0.040 (5.1%)
Insurance
Methodology – Cost per Mile
Allstate – quotes for leased and owned vehicle
by vehicle type
Auto and truck
• Average uses
• Standard policies
Cost per Mile
10
Small Size Vehicle
Medium Size Vehicles
Large Size Vehicles
$0.10
$0.09
$0.09
Single-Unit Truck
Combination-Unit Truck
$0.013 (2.3%)
$0.064 (8.1%)
Depreciation
Methodology – Cost per Mile
Autos – Based on Kelly Blue Book
Function of age and mileage based depreciation by region
Information collected by vehicle class and brand name
Trucks – MNDOT Study (5-8 cents/mile)
Cost per Mile
11
Small Size Vehicle
Medium Size Vehicles
Large Size Vehicles
$0.16
$0.17
$0.25
Single-Unit Truck
Combination-Unit Truck
$0.05/mile
$0.08/mile
Finance Charges
Methodology – Costs per Mile
Capital One
Interest rates
• Autos – 4.39%
• Trucks – 11.0%
Cost per Mile
12
Small Size Vehicle
Medium Size Vehicles
Large Size Vehicles
$0.04
$0.04
$0.06
Single-Unit Truck
Combination-Unit Truck
$0.013 (2.3%)
$0.036 (4.6%)
License and Registration Fees
Methodology and Fee, Costs per Mile
Local tax collection offices
• Differ by weight
• Other components are a flat fee
Fee and Cost per Mile
13
Small Size
Medium Size Vehicle
Large Size Vehicle
$157.60
$157.60
$165.60
$0.003
$0.003
$0.004
Single-Unit Truck
Combination-Unit Truck
$165.60
$175.60
$0.001 (0.2%)
$0.001 (0.1%)
Taxes
Methodology
Local option gas tax
• Localize state gas figures to counties
• Florida transportation tax source primer on county tax rates
Sales tax
• Florida Department of Revenue
• Incorporate tax into finance charges
14
Low-Range Vehicle Operating Costs-Southeast
Florida Results
Vehicle Class
Vehicle Brand
Compact Car
Mid-size
Car
Large
Car
Minivan
SUV
Pickup
Volkswagen
Golf GLS
Honda
Accord
LX
Mercury
Grand
Marquis
GS
Toyota
Sienna
LE
Jeep
Grand
Cherokee
4x4
Laredo
Ford
F150
Regular
Cab XL
4x4
Attributes
Purchase (P) or Lease (L)
L
L
L
L
L
L
Vehicle Age (Years)
10
10
10
10
10
10
Speed (mph)
45
45
45
45
45
45
Highway
Highway
Highway
Highway
Highway
Highway
15,000
15,000
15,000
15,000
15,000
15,000
Fuel Cost
0.055
0.049
0.066
0.061
0.079
0.079
Fuel Tax
0.014
0.013
0.017
0.016
0.021
0.021
Maintenance and Repairs
0.017
0.024
0.024
0.031
0.031
0.031
Tires
0.010
0.010
0.009
0.009
0.012
0.018
Insurance
0.081
0.071
0.065
0.064
0.068
0.068
Depreciation
0.124
0.127
0.164
0.181
0.188
0.189
Finance Charges
0.023
0.023
0.023
0.023
0.024
0.023
License and Registration
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
Total Vehicle Operating Cost
0.327
0.319
0.372
0.387
0.426
0.432
$3,930
$3,827
$4,467
$4,645
$5,112
$5,188
City/Highway Condition
Mileage per year
$/ mile
Annual Total Vehicle Operating Cost
15
Proposed Truck Operating Costs
Southeast Florida Results
Vehicle Class
Single-Unit
Truck
Vehicle Lifespan (Years)
Attributes
5
5
45
45
City
City
100,000
100,000
Speed (mph)
City/Highway Condition
Mileage per year
$0.248 (44.0%)
$0.343(43.5%)
Fuel Tax
$0.065 (11.5%)
$0.090 (11.4%)
Maintenance and Repairs
$0.063 (11.2%)
$0.084 (10.7%)
Tires
$0.030 (5.3%)
$0.040 (5.1%)
Insurance
$0.013(2.3%)
$0.064 (8.1 %)
Depreciation
$0.130 (23.1%)
$0.130(16.5 %)
Finance Charges
$0.013 (2.3%)
$0.036 (4.6%)
License and Registration
$0.001 (0.2%)
$0.001 (0.1%)
$0.563
$0.788
$56,198
$78,800
Fuel Cost
Cost/mile
Total Vehicle Operating Cost
Annual Total Vehicle Operating Cost
16
CombinationUnit Truck
Spreadsheet Calculator
VOC Variables
Vehicle mix
Annual average mileage
Average vehicle lifespan
Stop-and-go scenarios –
city or highway conditions
Average speed scenarios
Tires change frequency
scenarios
Tires change costs per job
Oil change frequency
scenarios
Oil change costs per job
Maintenance and repairs
frequency scenarios
17
Maintenance and repairs costs
per job
Fuel costs
Fuel taxes
Fuel economy
License and registration costs
Sales taxes
Finance rates and charges
Vehicle life span
Annual insurance costs
Development of Travel Time Values
Methodology
Determine
Markets
Literature Review
Develop
Generalized
Values
18
Sketch Planning
Develop
Localized
Values
Income/Wage Data
Validate/Test
Survey
Reconcile
with VOC
Markets
Traffic Counts
Apply
Model Post Processor
Methodology
Potential Market Segmentations
Segmentation Type
Sample Segmentation Details
Age
15-24, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55+
Attitudinal
Characteristics of Traveler
Sensitivity to Pricing, Time Savings,
Stress, etc.
Gender
Male, Female
Income
Personal, Household
Industry
Private, Government, etc.
Level of Employment
Full-Time, Part-Time, Unemployed,
Self-Employed, Housewife, Student, Retired
Mode
Bus, Truck, Auto, Transit, In/Out-Vehicle
Occupation
Sales, Professional, Clerical, Precision,
Production and Crafts, etc.
Purpose of Travel
Business, Personal, Commute,
Home-to-Work, Home-to-Other
Time-of-Day
Peak, Off-Peak
(continued next slide)
19
Methodology
Potential Market Segmentations (continued)
Segmentation Type
Sample Segmentation Details
Travel Time
Trip Distance
Truck –
Driver Payment Method
Hourly, Other
Truck – Fleet Type
For-Hire, Private
Truck – Load
Truck Load, Less-than-Truck Load
Type of Development
Urban, Rural
Type of Travel
Local, Intercity, Carpool, Alone,
Passenger, Driver
Vehicle Class
Small Auto, Light Truck, Heavy Truck,
4-Axle Combination, etc.
No Segmentation
20
Value of Time by Market for Personal Travel
National
Southeast
Florida
Wage-all
Industries
$45,061
$43,994
Commuter
$13.01/Hour
$12.69/Hour
60%
Personal
(local)
$10.83/Hour
$10.58/Hour
50%
Personal
(visitor)
$10.83/Hour
$10.58/Hour
50%
Source: US Census National Income and Product Account.
AASHTO Red Book.
Values in 2004 dollars
21
Percent
of Wage
Rate
Value of Time for On-the-Clock Travel
National
Southeast
Average
Florida
On the Clock TTV Component
Wages ($2000)
$37,502
$35,585
Total Compensation ($2000)
$48,753
$46,621
$23.44
$22.24
$27.19/Hour
$25.80/Hour
Hourly ($2000)
Total ($2004)
Source: National Income and Products Accounts,
Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Census Bureau.
Values in 2004 dollars
22
Value of Time and Proportion of Travel
by Trip Purpose
Commute
Local
Personal
Visitor
Personal
On-theClock
$12.69
$10.58
$10.83
$25.80
100%
0%
0%
0%
$12.69
0%
95%
5%
0%
$10.59
0%
100%
0%
0%
$10.58
Home-based
Social/Recreational
0%
95%
5%
0%
$10.59
Home-based Other
0%
90%
0%
10%
$12.10
0%
95%
0%
5%
$11.34
0%
90%
0%
10%
$12.10
Home-based Work
Home-based
Shopping
Home-based
School
Home-based
Unknown
Nonhome-based
Source: National Income and Products Accounts,
Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Census Bureau.
Values in 2004 dollars
23
Average
Value of Time and Proportion of Travel by Time-of-Day
6:309:00 a.m.
9:0011:30 a.m.
11:30 a.m.1:30 p.m.
1:304:30 p.m.
4:306:30 p.m
Other
Home-based
Work
40%
16%
11%
20%
32%
25%
Home-based
Shopping
3%
16%
14%
11%
11%
13%
16%
3%
3%
10%
5%
3%
3%
7%
5%
6%
8%
16%
20%
25%
20%
21%
21%
25%
Home-based
Unknown
0%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
Nonhome-based
16%
32%
46%
32%
22%
16%
$11.76
$11.79
$11.82
$11.92
$11.92
$11.63
Home-based
School
Home-based
Social/
Recreational
Home-based
Other
Average
Source: Southeast Florida Home Interview Survey.
24
Distribution of Traffic and TTVs by Functional
Classification
Buses
Single-Unit
Trucks
CombinationUnit Trucks
TTVs
80.1%
0.6%
2.8%
16.6%
$13.22
89.7%
0.4%
2.9%
7.0%
$12.12
93.2%
0.2%
2.9%
3.6%
$11.72
Rural Major Collector
Principal Arterial –
Interstate
Urban Principal Arterial –
Other Frwys/Exprswys
Urban Other Principal
Arterial
Urban Minor Arterial
88.9%
0.3%
3.7%
7.1%
$12.22
92.2%
0.6%
2.4%
4.8%
$11.80
94.7%
0.5%
2.2%
2.7%
$11.52
97.1%
0.2%
1.7%
1.0%
$11.26
97.8%
0.2%
1.2%
0.8%
$11.19
Urban Collector
95.9%
0.4%
1.6%
2.1%
$11.39
Rural Principal Arterial –
Interstate
Rural Principal Arterial –
Other
Rural Minor Arterial
Personal
Vehicles
Source: FDOT District 4 Traffic Monitoring System.
25
Distribution of Traffic and TTVs by Vehicle
Classification
Personal
Vehicles
Buses
Commute
25%
15%
Local/Personal
55%
70%
Visitor/Personal
10%
10%
On-the-Clock
10%
Per-Person TTV
Average Occupancy
Total Vehicle TTV
Single-Unit
Trucks
CombinationUnit Trucks
5%
100%
100%
$12.65
$11.68
$25.80
$25.80
1.57
10.15
1.2
1.2
$19.86
$118.55
$31.10
$31.10
Source: National Household Travel Survey,
National Transit Database,
Team consensus
26
SEFRUC Survey
Telephone survey administrated to random sampling
of 5,000 households in Southeast Florida
200 completed surveys
Calls made early evening/late evening
weekdays/weekends
Questions related to
• Socioeconomic characteristics
• Trip making characteristics
• Stated preference questions
27
SEFRUC Survey Results
2004 Dollars
Travel time values for all trips fall in the range of $8-$12
• Consistent with previous findings from national sources that
have been adjusted for use in Southeast Florida
Respondents attach a higher value to work trips than
nonwork trips
• $12 versus $8, when un-weighted, or
• $10.30 and $7.40 when weighted by age distribution in the
population
Higher income respondents have a higher value of time
than lower-income residents
• $7.80 versus $16.70 un-weighted by age distribution, or
28
• $7.90 and $11.20 when weighted by age distribution
in the population
RUC for Construction Projects
TTI – 1999 study
• Used MicroBenCost
• Lookup tables
ADT
− Texas conditions
− Cost per day per mile,
10% trucks
• VOC values
Rural
Suburban
4-Lane
4-Lane
VOC + TTV
Cost per day per mile
20,000
5,800
6,800
50,000
15,800
20,600
− $12/hour for Texas ($11 for Florida)
OHIO – Construction Incentive Program
• $1.6K/day (32.5K maximum)
Florida – D5 bonuses
• SR 434
• I-4 Polk County
29
$7K/day ($600K maximum)
$10K/day ($2M maximum)