Transcript Document

“Inclusion, Cohesion and
Accountability” in
Education: Afghanistan
Building a Foundation for the Future
Achievement since 2001
The highest enrollment in the history of
Afghanistan (4.2 million students in Grades 1-12)
One-third is girls.
Commitment and enthusiasm for education
demonstrated by students, teachers and
communities
New curriculum framework developed, and new
textbooks are being developed.
Various teacher training activities are underway
Approximately 7,400 government schools
operating (80% of them requiring repair or major
rehabilitation).
Enrollment Growth: 1940-2003
5,000,000
4,500,000
4,000,000
3,500,000
3,000,000
2,500,000
2,000,000
1,500,000
1,000,000
500,000
0
19
40
19
45
19
50
19
55
19
60
19
65
19
70
19
75
19
80
19
85
19
90
19
93
19
99
20
02
20
03
Number of Students
(Grades 1-12 Total)
Year
Enrollment by Grade
2003 (grades 1-12)
1800000
GIRLS
BOYS
NO OF STUDENTS
1600000
1400000
1200000
1000000
800000
600000
400000
200000
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
GRADE
8
9
10
11
12
Progress towards Millennium
Development Goals
Net Primary Enrollment Rate (Girls)
Net Primary Enrollment Rate (Boys & Girls)
Primary Completion Rate (Girls)
Primary Completion Rate (Boys & Girls)
Girls Enrollment Share, Primary (%)
Girls Enrollment Share, Secondary (%)
* Gross Enrollment Rate
** The figures for 2010 and 2015 are indicative targets
1990
19*
27*
na
na
34
1995
32*
49*
na
na
32
2003
40
54
na
na
34
25
2010**
70
85
45
35
2015**
100
100
100
100
50
40
Key Issues
• Poor quality of education (lack of
learning space, trained teachers,
teaching-learning materials, etc.)
• Gender disparity
• Urban-rural disparity
• Unclear accountability structure,
limited capacity of the Ministry,
Provincial and District Education
Departments
• Reservation about the value of
education in some provinces
• Lack of reliable data for policy
formulation and planning
purposes
Vision of Education in
Afghanistan
•
To provide good quality education for all
regardless of gender, ethnicity, language,
religion, ideology and geographical location
(inclusion)
•
To provide opportunities for secondary and
tertiary education of international standard
to build skilled human resources to meet
development and reconstruction objectives
•
To create a foundation for peace, national
unity (cohesion) and economic growth
Strategies
• Broad-based participation of all levels of government
(center, province, district and at school-level) to take
responsibility for planning and implementation of education
services. (Inclusion, Accountability)
• Strengthening school-based management and the role of
communities (Inclusion, Accountability)
• Partnerships with NGOs, the private sector and local
contractors for education service delivery
Transition from Emergency to
Reconstruction and Development
• Balancing act of responding to immediate needs
and considering long-term implications
• Investment in capacity building while making
things happen on the ground quickly
• Need to build an accountability system from the
beginning
• Great opportunity to re-establish an inclusive and
cohesive society