Transcript Correlates of Driving Under the Influence in Adolescence

Correlates of Driving Under the
Influence of Alcohol in
Adolescence
A Secondary Data Analysis of the 1992 National Health Behavior
Survey
Presented at the
The 11th UROP Symposium
By
Jud Ostle
May 15, 2004
Acknowledgements




Dr. Jenness, Head of Honors Seminar Program
Dr. Prause, Faculty Mentor
Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program
U. S. Dept. of Health and Human Services
National Center for Health Statistics
Aims of Study
1)
Profile adolescents who self-report Driving
Under the Influence of alcohol versus those
that did not report
2)
Determine associations between DUI and
other risky behaviors
Facts about DUI

Drunk driving is the most frequently committed
violent crime in America killing more than 17,000
people each year and injuring countless others.
(MADD)

In 2002, 40% of California’s fatal traffic incidents
involved alcohol (National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration)

Based on the latest mortality data available, motor
vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death for
people from 15 to 20 years old. (NHTSA)
Literature Review

White males from higher SES were more likely to
DUI (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
2002)

Earlier the age respondents started drinking, the
more likely they were to report driving after
drinking too much ever in their life and in the past
year (Heeren, T., Hingson, R., Jamaka, A., Levenson, S., &
Voas, R.)
Methodology
Source
 Data provided by the U. S. Dept. of Health and Human Services:
National Center for Health Statistics
Study
 Secondary data analysis of 1992 National Health Interview
Survey: Youth Risk Behavior Supplement
Sample
 Nationally representative sample of 6,105 individuals who were
16-21 years old at time of interview
Methodology (continued)
Key Variable: DUI

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Self-reported measure of drinking and driving over past 30
days
Never DUI is defined as zero attempts during 30 day period
Criteria

Used Pearson Chi-Square to measure associations
between DUI and other demographic and risky behavior
variables
Figure 1 Gender and DUI past 30 days
80
70
60
50
40
Female
Male
30
20
10
0
Never
1 time
2-3 times
DUI
*p<.05
4 or more
Figure 2 Race and DUI past 30 days
90
80
70
60
50
Other
White
African-American
40
30
20
10
0
One time
Four or
more
DUI
*p<.05
Figure 3 NHIS Poverty Index and DUI
80
70
60
50
At or above
Below
Unknown
40
30
20
10
0
Never
2-3 times
DUI
*p<.05
4 or more
Figure 4 Age at first sexual intercourse and
DUI during past 30 days
40
35
30
Never
12 or younger
13 or 14
15 or 16
17 or older
25
20
15
10
5
0
*p<.05
Never
1 time
2-3 times
4 or more
Figure 5 Diagram of Multinomial
Logistic Regression Analysis
Demographic Variables
(race, gender, age)
DUI
(Never, 1 time, 2 +)
Risky Behavior Variables
(fighting, binge drinking
carried a weapon)
Odds Ratio of DUI during past 30 days
relative to Never DUI (n=6105)
Demographic Variables
Adjusted Odds Ratio
1 time
2 or more
Age
1.30*
1.52*
Gender (Male)
1.08
1.55*
Race
Multiple/Other
African-American
Asian/Asian Pacific Islander
White
.69
.66*
.35*
-
.60*
.78
.42
-
*p<.05
Odds Ratio of DUI during past 30 days
relative to Never DUI (continued)
Demographic Variables
Adjusted Odds Ratio
1 time
2 or more
Total Family Income
Missing
Less than $10,000
$10,000 - $24,999
$25,000 – 49,999
$50,000 or more
Region
Northeast
Midwest
South
West
Education of Responsible Adult (Years)
*p<.05
.59*
.61*
.73
.95
-
.80
.55*
.76
.96
-
.43*
1.08
.92
1.06*
.60*
.98
1.00
1.05
Odds Ratio of DUI during past 30 days
relative to Never DUI (Continued)
Risky Behavior Variables
Adjusted Odds Ratio
1 time
2 or more
Regularly wear seat belt
.98
.84*
Being a passenger in car with drinking driver
1.87*
2.62*
Carried a weapon
1.03
1.12*
.97
1.13*
Been in fight during last year
*p<.05
Odds Ratio of DUI during past 30 days
relative to Never DUI (Continued)
Risky Behavior Variables
Adjusted Odds Ratio
1 time
2 or more
How many times drank 5 or more past 30 days
0 days
1 day
2 days
3 or more
*p<.05
3.03*
5.30*
3.70*
2.30*
6.00*
10.96*
Summary
LOW RISK GROUP
HIGH RISK GROUP
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Female

Male
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Minority group

White

Total Family Income:
Less than $50,000

Total Family Income:
Over $50,000
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Lived in Northeast
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Lived in the West
Discussion

Existing data set did not have a large number of
Hispanic subjects

Data set did not include complete history of DUI

Data collected in 1992 may not represent now

Adolescents often tend to under report risky
behaviors
For more information contact me at:
Jud Ostle
Dept. of Psychology and Social Behavior
3317 Social Ecology II
University of California
Irvine, California 92697-7080
[email protected]