Transcript Look Up for Safety

Fire Protection Intervention Tools
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Suppression – The enterprise of FF
Building Codes
Fire Codes
Other Laws and Ordinances
Home Inspection Programs
Fire Prevention Education
Fire Survival Education
Fire Protection Intervention Tools
cont.
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Fire Protection Devices
Federal Legislation
State Legislation
Smoke Alarms
• Fast Response Residential Fire
Sprinklers (Cure)
THE
HISTORY OF RESIDENTIAL
FIRE SPRINKLERS IN AMERICA
(The Evolution and the Revolution)
IFSA / NFSA
May 1975 - First Edition of NFPA 13D,
Sprinkler Systems for One and TwoFamily Homes and Manufactured
Homes
1975-1979 Chief Ronny Coleman,
San Clemente, California experiments
with installations using standard
response sprinklers
IFSA / NFSA
1975 – 1979 Initial phase of R&D
work to develop low cost, quick
response fire sprinkler systems (USFA,
UL, FM, Grinnell, etc.)
1979 - Residential Sprinkler test
program, Los Angeles, California
IFSA / NFSA
Nov 1980 - 1980 Edition of NFPA 13D
requires use of listed fast response
residential sprinklers and includes
requirements for Multipurpose Piping
Systems
June 1981 - Grinnell receives first listing
for a residential sprinkler from UL
Nov 1982 - Central receives UL listing for
its Omega series residential sprinkler
IFSA / NFSA
Oct 1983 - Operation San Francisco
test series conducted in San Francisco,
California
Fall 1984 - Operation Life Safety
Program established (First Trust at
NFSA)
Fall 1985 - OLS Trust transferred to
IAFC
IFSA / NFSA
June 1985 - Initial Scottsdale
Ordinance requiring sprinklers in
multi-family homes and commercial
occupancies passed
June 1986 - Scottsdale Ordinance
expanded to include One and TwoFamily Homes
IFSA / NFSA
1986-Pres. Home builders oppose
residential fire sprinklers
Fall 1986 - USFA sponsored residential
fire sprinkler workshop
series developed and
delivered by OLS
IFSA / NFSA
Fall 1986 - OLS promotes series of
development incentives (street width
reduction, main size reduction, hydrant
spacing increases, reduced set-back
requirements, increased tract density,
reduction of “dead end” turning radius
requirements, etc.)
OLS also works with Insurance Industry
to provide discounts for residential fire
sprinklers
IFSA / NFSA
Feb. 1988 - Initial Prince George’s County,
Maryland ordinance passes
requiring homebuilders to
offer residential fire sprinklers
as an option and to sprinkler
model homes
Feb. 1989 - Prince George County
ordinance is expanded to
make the installation of
residential sprinklers in new
homes mandatory
1989-Pres.
IFSA / NFSA
Napa, California passes
mandatory residential fire
sprinkler requirements.
Many local ordinances
passed nationally (ex,
Cobb Co., GA, Mont. Co.,
MD., Dover, NH,
Altamonte Springs, FL,
and some 200 ordinances
in California)
1996
Home Fire Sprinkler
Coalition Formed
( www.homefiresprinkler.org)
NFPA 13D includes requirements for
Network systems
1997 - Publication of the “Scottsdale
Report”
1999 - The Mesa, Arizona experience
2000 - Montgomery County, Maryland
passes major tax incentive for
fire sprinklers
IFSA / NFSA
2002
Publication of Scottsdale Report five
year supplement
UL and NFPA 13D require residential
fire sprinklers to meet minimum
density of 0.05 GPM/sq. ft.
IFSA / NFSA
2003
 Montgomery
 Connecticut
IFSA / NFSA
County Mandate
Option Law
2003 - Present

Many more communities undertake
residential fire sprinkler initiatives either
mandatory or voluntary via incentives

Fire Team Tennessee Pilot Program

Fire Team USA Program
IFSA / NFSA
ROADBLOCKS TO
RESIDENTIAL
SPRINKLERS
HYDRAULICS
The Fast Response
Sprinkler
COST
INFRASTRUCTURE
WATER PURVEYOR
WATER DEPT.
HOME BUILDERS
Leading Causes of Fire
Residential Fire Load
Digging a Deeper Hole
Breaking Ranks
(Toll Brothers 35%)
September 11, 2001
(3025 Deaths)
Fire Journal Sept/Oct 2001
(3445 home fire deaths
in 2000)
That’s 420 more!
BUILDING
OFFICIALS
ANYTOWN BUILDING DEPARTMENT
BUILDING CODES
International Code
Council
National Fire Protection
Association.
FIRE CHIEFS
FIRE MARSHALS
FIREFIGHTERS
INSTALLERS
JD SPRINKLER CO.
LITTLE OR NO
EXPECTATION OF FIRE
PROTECTION FEATURES
IN A NEW HOME!
PUBLIC POLICY
MAKERS
OTHER
GOVERNMENT
OFFICIALS
INCENTIVES
SAVINGS
INSURANCE
TAXES
HR 1131
S 512
Look Up
for Safety
Fire Sprinklers Save Lives and Money
Presented By:
Jim Dalton – Director of Public
Fire Protection - NFSA
Pertinent Questions
About Fires
1. How many people die annually from fires ?
2. Who are the victims ?
3. Where do they die ?
4. When do they die ?
5. How do they die ?
6. List one concern you have about fire sprinklers.
A Typical Residential Fire Scenario

From the time a fire starts, smoke detectors
may operate within one minute.
 Room temperatures at the ceiling when
flashover occurs can reach 1,400 degrees.
 Flashover can occur within 4 minutes
from the time a fire starts.
 From the time a fire starts, you generally will
have less than five minutes to get out alive.
Your Fire Scenario
Ceiling
temperature
1,400 degrees
0
1
2
Flashover Occurs
3
A fire starts in your home
and you are awakened by
the smoke detector.
4
5
10
TIME LINE (minutes)
15
20
Fire is accessed and water is
now being applied to the fire
911 notifies fire dept.
and fire dept. responds
Count heads, notify neighbor,
wake them, call fire dept.
Alert family of fire
Flashover Occurs
0
1
2
3
A fire starts in your home
and you are awakened by
the smoke detector.
4
5
TIME LINE (minutes)
10
15
20
2004
U.S. Fire Statistics
Source NFPA Fire Journal Sept -Oct - 2005

Over 1.55 Million Fires

More Than 3,900 Civilian Deaths

17,785 Thousand Civilian Injuries

Over 8.3 Billion Dollars in Property Loss

Total Cost of Fire Exceeds 88 Billion Dollars
Additional Fire Facts

Every 82 seconds fire occurs in a U.S. residence.

Every 31 minutes a civilian is injured by fire.

Eight out of ten fire deaths occur in the home.
U.S. Residential
Fire Problem*
• A fire every 82 seconds
• 83% of fire deaths
• 80% of fire injuries
• 72% of structure fire property damage
• 36% of fire-ground firefighter deaths
*2004 NFPA
Fire Death and Injuries in
One- & Two-family Dwellings*
(Percentage of Residential)
• Fire deaths:
83%
• Fire injuries:
74%
• Fire property damage:
83%
• Fireground firefighter deaths: 70%
*2004 NFPA
More Fire Facts


Young children, older adults, and physically and
mentally challenged people face the highest risk of
injury or death in residential fires.
Too often, people fail to respond appropriately to
the sound of a smoke detector, because they
assume it is a false alarm. Rather that exiting the
building, they search to confirm the existence of a
fire, wasting the few precious minutes they may
have to escape.
Fire Triangle
Fuel
Oxygen
Fire
Heat
Fire Safety
Fire Safety
a
Prevention
Fire Safety
a
Prevention
a
Early Warning
and
Exit Drills
Fire Safety
a
a
Early Warning
Prevention
and
Exit Drills
a
Protection
What are Fire Sprinklers ?
Piping
Water Under Pressure
Fire Sprinkler
“Automatic Sprinklers are individually heat
activated devices that are attached to a
network of piping with water under pressure”
How Do They Work ?
15 ft.
15 ft.
Fire Sprinklers Do
Work!
Sprinkler Impact on Life Safety
7.5
8
7
6
4.2
5
With Sprinklers
Without Sprinklers
4
3
2.1
2.6
2
2.0
1.2
1
0
Health Care
Facilities
Hotels &
Motels
Manufacturing
Deaths Per Thousand Fires
Sprinkler Impact On
Property Damage
30000
27,800
25000
18,000
20000
15000
16,100
12,900
10,500
10000
10,200
6,200
4,500
5000
0
Manufacturing
Stores &
Offices
Public
Assembly
Hotels &
Motels
Dollar Loss Per Fire (millions)
With Sprinklers
Without Sprinklers
Where are
Sprinklers
Found ?
What do Fire
Sprinklers Cost ?

New Construction $.93 to $2.00 per sq. ft.

Existing Buildings ( Increase by 50 % )
Who Installs Fire
Sprinklers ?
Special Qualifications are Required
JD's Sprinklers
The Sprinkler Professionals
What are Residential
Sprinklers ?
How are Residential
Sprinklers Different ?
 Respond
Approx. 5 Times Faster
 Less Water Needed
 Different Water Application
 Lower Cost to Install
 More Aesthetically Pleasing
How They Work!
Residential
Sprinklers Do Work !
YES !!
Sprinkler
Activations Per Fire
400
350
365
326
300
250
Total
1 Sprinkler
2 Sprinklers
More Than 2
200
150
100
50
0
32
7
Pictures of sprinklers
What do Residential
Sprinklers Cost ?
Average cost of 1% - 1.5% of new construction
THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
1
1
ONE
1
1
ONE DOLLAR
National Institute of
Standards and Technology
“Estimates that installing smoke detectors
and residential sprinklers in dwellings could
reduce fire fatalities by eighty two percent.”
Ceiling
temperature
165 degrees
0
1
2
3
4
5
10
15
TIME LINE (minutes)
A fire starts in your home
and you are awakened
by the smoke detector.
Residential Fire Sprinklers Operate
20
In the Future …
“Look Up For Safety”
Where you :
live
work
or play
Because Fire Sprinklers Save
Lives and Money,
Protect what You Value Most.
• Tradition
• Heritage
• Dogma
• Legacy