Transcript Automatic Person Location Technologies and Solutions for

Automatic Person Location Technologies
and Solutions for Public Safety Users
Kenneth Hubner
International Business Development Manager
Sepura Limited
Agenda
• Market Drivers and Solution Influencing Factors
• Command and Control Requirements
• Review of current technologies
• TETRA services used for location solutions
• Future of APLS enabled products for public safety users
Market Drivers
• FCC E911 Mandate in the US
– Call centres
– Terminal or Network implemented solutions
• 50 - 100 metre accuracy for at least 67% of cases
• 150 - 300 metre accuracy for at least 95% of cases
• EU E112 Mandate in Europe
– Still not implemented !
– No defined accuracy specified !
Both systems proposing using either TDOA or GPS
• Many Blue Light Forces now mandating APLS
Market Drivers
Public Safety Benefits
Know where someone is: save LIFE.
Better allocation of resources, prompt reaction to an
Emergency: save TIME.
Better Control of the fleet: save MONEY
Solution Influencing Factors
• Price
• Accuracy and coverage
• Ergonomics
• Power consumption
• Can the solution be supported by TETRA ?
– Network support and bandwidth requirements
Command & Control Requirements
• Effective management
• Requirements differ from AVLS
• User needs to feel unthreatened by APLS
• Linking of various systems/databases to provide officer with advance
warning of possible dangers
Command & Control Requirements
AVLS example
Command & Control Requirements
APLS example
Command & Control Requirements
APLS with filtering
Review of Current Technologies
Low accuracy, low cost solutions
– Time difference of arrival
– Enhanced observed time difference
Medium accuracy, medium cost solutions
– Standard GPS
– Assisted GPS
– Low signal strength GPS
High accuracy, high cost solutions
– Differential GPS
– Combinations of Solutions
Review of Current Technologies
Low accuracy, low cost solutions
Time Difference Of Arrival (TDOA)
– Inexpensive for terminals but can be very costly to implement in the network
– accuracy of location is +/- 500 metres
Enhanced Observed Time Difference (EOTD)
– low cost, no base station support now claimed
– accuracy of location is 200m - 2km
Both technologies
– Have good indoor/urban canyon penetration, but with very poor accuracy - a
general show stopping issue for network based solutions where location
accuracy could be critical
– Are bandwidth hungry therefore not suitable for TETRA
Network Based Solutions - example
LMU
Radio tower
LMU
TETRA
Gateway
C&C
Server
GIS or
Mapping
Application
GIS or
Mapping
Application
Network Based Solutions
Current Accuracy = 200m - 2km
LMU
LMU
Future Accuracy =100m 500m
Review of Current Technologies
Medium accuracy, medium cost solutions
Standard GPS
– time to first acquisition (fix) is typically 3 mins
– >30 metres accuracy, no indoors or urban canyon coverage
Assisted GPS
– time to first acquisition is typically 30 secs
– >30 metres accuracy
Low Signal Strength GPS (high sensitivity)
– time to first acquisition is typically 45 secs
– <30 metres accuracy
– indoors/urban canyons
Note, all the above have a location accuracy of <10 metres for 95% of
cases in open space
GPS solutions - examples
Mapping Server
Mapping
Application
Workstation
C&C firewall
C & C LAN
TETRA gateway
Radio tower
TETRA
Network
PBX
Workstation
Dispatch
workstations
SDS
C&C
Servers
Workstation
Base station
Workstation
Review of Current Technologies
High accuracy, high cost solutions
Differential GPS
– open space accuracy <10 metres off
– expensive to implement with land based differential base stations
required and regular network broadcasts
– Network bandwidth hungry
Solution Combinations (GPS+Beacons+Odometer)
– accuracy anywhere between 0 - 10 metres
– very expensive beacon network required to support this
High accuracy Solutions - examples
TETRA
Network
GIS or
Mapping
Application
TETRA
Gateway
GPS
Tower box
C&C
Server
dGPS Station
GIS or
Mapping
Application
TETRA services used for APLS
Data over network - Size of problem!
Typically, position report messages could carry some or all of the
following:
– Date, Time, Latitude, Longitude, Altitude, Speed, Heading, Fix type,
Confidence Level, Status, Fix Reason, Terminal ID, User Defined Field.
Amount of message traffic generated by APLS systems is much
larger than for AVLS
– Usage could increase 10 or 100 fold !
– Requires sophisticated filtering at command &control
TETRA services used for APLS
TETRA services allow use of SDS messaging for transmission of GPS data:
 EN 300 392-2: TETRA (Voice plus Data (V+D), part 2: Air Interface, v2.3.2
 SDS4 and SDS-TL delivers variable length messages to 2047 bits(255 bytes)
 GPS location data is provided in the NMEA formats, GLL, GSA, GGA etc.
– Typical GLL mesage could contain as much as 48 bytes of data!
– In busy periods, with many location reports being sent, this could cause network overload
 Location Information Protocol –TS 100 392-18-1 v1.1.1 Jan 2005
– Specifies the effective use of network by using compact message formats
– Typical message (compared to GLL) is 11 bytes long!
Future of APLS & TETRA Terminals
Technology Influenced Solutions
– Continuing integration of IC’s and components enables space saving in
handsets and is an opportunity to integrate location devices like GPS.
– The European Galileo system should be operational by 2008 and this is
supposed to perform better than the existing US DoD GPS system.
GPS future Trends
Galileo
Clear Sky
L1, L2 + L5
Frequency
(+ Galileo?)
High Quality
Receiver
Under Foliage
Future
GPS ?
High Quality
Hand Held
Receiver
Wooden
Building
Urban Canyon
High sensitivity GPS
Single Storey
Brick Building
Multi Storey
Concrete building
Other Sensors – e.g. Gyroscope, Accelerometers
Underground?
2002
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
2010………………………….. 2015 2020 2030
Conduct User Trials
Product A
4 times betteraccuracy
Product B
and availability
User Trial Essential!
Summary
Enhances user safety
- Lone worker + Emergency Button + GPS
- Accurate Location
Improves resource usage
- Improves response times
- Selection of most appropriate resource
- Reduce wasted resource
Improves reporting accuracy
- Knowing precisely where an incident took place
High sensitive GPS receivers are available in TETRA
terminals today.
Make GPS mandatory in your handsets today
Thank You!
[email protected]