Transcript Discipling Nations

Building
‘Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.
This is the first and greatest commandment. And the second is like it:
Love your neighbour as yourself.’ Matthew 22:39
PRESENTATION BY MARG POLLON – FOUNDER/DIRECTOR BRIDGES OF LOVE
Indonesia
Cases: 112
Deaths: 90
Last Reported Case
– Nov. 5, 2007
"Low Probability—High Impact Event"
•
•
A pandemic refers to a communicable disease that happens all over the
world, meaning every continent, and every country within those
continents, irrespective of operative governments, religious affiliations,
or political philosophy. A pandemic disease is pretty much an equal
opportunity disease, as a novel influenza virus would certainly be.
Pandemic Influenza – Pandemics have been recorded every 10 to 40
years for at least five centuries, with some evidence dating back a
thousand years. There have been three influenza pandemics since
1900 (1918, 1957, 1968).
“Low Probability—High Impact Event”
Simple and concise, describes the potential of H5N1
PANDEMIC INFLUENZA HISTORY
Spanish Flu 1918 (H1N1)


20 - 40 million deaths (Canada 50,000
deaths)
half of world population infected
Asian Flu 1957 (H2N2)

Over 1 million deaths worldwide
Hong Kong Flu 1968 (H3N2)

Approximately 1 million deaths worldwide
Pandemic Events –
Overview
A pandemic isOverview
an outbreak of of
a disease that covers a
wide geographic area and affects large numbers of
people.
Pandemics
Scientists and public health specialists are concerned
that bird flu could be the next source of a pandemic
influenza event due to bird migration.
Increased air travel between distant countries has dramatically
Although
the body
of virus/flu
scientific
knowledge
has can spread disease to
increased
the
rate
at
which
infected
persons
made remarkable progress, the virus continues to
disease-free
regions. travel has become
change, and international
common place.



(e.g.,
spread
of
SARS
from
Hong
Kong
to
Canada).
There have been 3 pandemic events since 1900.
We probably cannot prevent a pandemic from
Itoccurring.
is practically impossible to prevent the
We may be able to influence the impact of a
pandemic(s).
pandemic through respiratory etiquette, hand
hygiene, and rapid response.
occurrence of future
We may, however, be able to control the impact of a pandemic by
various public health measures.
Origin of the Flu
The avian (bird) population is the source of ALL flu
viruses, including the seasonal flu that we
experience every year. When a new strain (novel)
emerges that humans have not been infected with
previously, then the potential for a pandemic
develops. An unusually virulent influenza strain
began to be seen in Asia in about 1997 that was
designated H5N1. This avian influenza strain has
come to be known as “bird flu.”
Why is there concern about Avian Flu?
It is difficult to predict when the next influenza pandemic will occur or
how severe it will be. Wherever and whenever a pandemic starts,
everyone around the world is at risk. Countries might, through
measures such as border closures and travel restrictions, delay arrival
of the virus, but no-one can stop it.
Health professionals are concerned that the continued spread of a
highly pathogenic avian H5N1 virus across Asia, Europe and Africa
and other countries represents a significant threat to human health.
The H5N1 virus has raised concerns about a potential human
pandemic because:
Avian Influenza (Bird Flu): H5N1
(Requirements, current level of risk)
Highly virulent
- Humans do not have pre-existing immunity.
- It is being spread by migratory birds
- It can be transmitted from birds to mammals and in some limited
circumstances to humans.
- It currently has a extremely high mortality rate of those infected
(approximately 60 %)
- Like other influenza viruses, it continues to evolve, and appears to be
coming better at infecting humans over time.
The Spread
Since the start of 2003, the H5N1 virus has
spread to over 30 countries in Asia, Europe
and Africa in migratory birds and poultry.
It is expected that the virus will also spread
to North America through the migratory
bird population within the next several
months to a year.
Migratory Bird Flyways
The Avian Flu Crisis: an Economic Update – Dr. Sherry Cooper, BMO Nesbitt Burns
MIGRATORY BIRDS ON THE PRAIRIES
An outbreak of highly contagious bird flu that began in Southeast Asia three years ago has now spread to Europe, the
Middle East and West Africa. More than 200 million domestic birds have been killed to halt the advance of the virus,
called H5N1. Scientists believe the virus could evolve and acquire characteristics that would make it easily
transmissible among human beings, causing a global influenza pandemic. It is not a matter of ‘if’ but ‘when’ will it
occur.
LOCATION OF CONFIRMED HUMAN CASES
Turkey
Egypt
Nigeria
Azerbaijan
Iraq
Djibouti
China
Laos
Cambodia Viet Nam
Thailand
Indonesia
A/(H5N1)
Reported to
WHO
12 November
2007
Total number of cases includes number of deaths.
WHO reports only laboratory-confirmed cases.
All dates refer to onset of illness.
2003
Country
cases
2004
deaths
cases
2005
deaths
cases
2006
deaths
cases
2007
deaths
cases
Total
deaths
cases
deaths
Azerbaijan
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
5
0
0
8
5
Cambodia
0
0
0
0
4
4
2
2
1
1
7
7
China
1
1
0
0
8
5
13
8
3
2
25
16
Djibouti
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
Egypt
0
0
0
0
0
0
18
10
20
5
38
15
Indonesia
0
0
0
0
20
13
55
45
38
33
113
91
Iraq
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
2
0
0
3
2
Lao
People's
Democrati
c Republic
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
2
2
Nigeria
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
Thailand
0
0
17
12
5
2
3
3
0
0
25
17
Turkey
0
0
0
0
0
0
12
4
0
0
12
4
Viet Nam
3
3
29
20
61
19
0
0
7
4
100
46
Total
4
4
46
32
98
43
115
79
72
48
335
206
AGE PROFILE OF HUMAN CASES
What Makes H5N1 Such a
Potential Pandemic Candidate?
Since 2003, H5N1 has infected 335 people, resulting
in 206 fatalities according to the WHO figures dated
Nov. 5, 2007. Of those who became ill many are
presumed to have been infected by handling or
eating infected poultry, but there are a few that
there is no direct link to infected birds, and a few
more that are scientifically postulated to have been
infected via exposure to another infected person,
genuine “human-to-human” transmission.
Criteria for a Pandemic to Occur
•
•
•
•
There needs to be a novel influenza virus (ie. Major shift in
its makeup) that can infect people. (Yes, the bird flu of type
H5N1 has mutated over the past few years and appears to
have the ability to infect humans but not effectively and a
variety of other species)
There needs to be a lack of immunity among humans and
There needs to be human-to-human spread of the virus.
(World Health Organization, says there is growing evidence
of multiple family clusters of illness…in Indonesia
particularly.
Currently, H5N1 infects the lower airway (lungs) rather than
upper airway (nasal passages), so it is not easy to transmit
from human-to-human
What to Expect in a Pandemic
A pandemic would spread across Canada within weeks and
could cause:
– Disease in up to 35% of population
– Inability of health care system to respond to the demand
– Disruption of daily life (day care, mass transit, business,
factories, utilities, etc)
Statistics:
– 62 million deaths world wide (conservative stats)
– Cases – 335 Deaths – 206 60 % Mortality Rate, Nov. 5, 2007
WHO - SIX DISTINCT PHASES
Six distinct phases have been defined to
facilitate pandemic preparedness planning,
with roles defined for governments,
industry, and WHO. The present situation
is categorized as phase 3: a virus new to
humans is causing infections, but does not
spread easily from one person to another.
WHO–Phases
Pandemic Events
World Health Organization (WHO) Phases
Phase 1
No new influenza virus subtypes have been detected in humans. If in animals,
the risk for human infection is considered to be low.
Phase 2
No new influenza virus subtypes have been detected in humans. However, a
circulating animal influenza virus subtype poses a substantial risk of human
disease.
Phase 3
Human infection(s) with a new subtype of virus but no human-to-human spread
or at most, rare instances of spread to a close contact.
Phase 4
(Indications that
Phase 4 is close)
Small clusters of human-to-human transmission but spread is localized. May
not be adapting to humans.
Phase 5
Larger clusters but still localized. Virus is becoming increasingly better adapted
to humans. Substantial pandemic risk. WHO and CDC suggests it could move
quickly from Phase 4 to 5 to 6.
Phase 6 a –
outside US
Phase 6b – in US
Pandemic: increased and sustained transmission in the general population. 6A
to 6B is predicted to be in a matter of days. (Transmission at a logarithmic rate)
WHO – 10 things we need to know about a
Pandemic influenza
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Pandemic is different from avian influenza
Influenza pandemic are recurring events
The world may be on the brink of another pandemic
All countries will be affected
Widespread illness will occur
Medical supplies will be inadequate
Large numbers of deaths will occur
Economic and Social disruption will be great
Every country must be prepared
WHO will alert the world when the pandemic threat
increases.
AVIAN POPULATION TO HUMAN POPULATION
How Pandemics Occur1. Avian virus adapts to humans
through genetic mutations
Migratory water birds
Domestic Birds
Pigs can be infected
by avian viruses
and human viruses
Humans
2. Avian virus adapts to humans
through genetic mixing
ANNUAL (Seasonal) FLU VERSUS PANDEMIC FLU
Existing Flu Viruses
Type B
Type A
Molecular Drift
(Annual Flu)
Molecular shift
PANDEMIC
New
Type A
IMPLICATIONS FOR INFLUENZA IN A MODERN WORLD
World Population
1918 – 1.75B,
1968 – 3.65B,
1957 – 2.75B,
2006 – 6.5B

Travel

Urbanization

Poultry population and agricultural practices

a global economy based on just-in-time delivery
Vaccine and antiviral drug production systems
that are outdated and inadequate

Lack
of medical care resources
*Dr. Sherry Cooper, BMO NesbittBurns
HUMAN ‘PANDEMIC INFLUENZA’ CRITERIA

A “novel” virus
- new (e.g. H5N1)
- out of circulation for years (e.g. H2N2)

A susceptible population
- no resistance/immunity
- experiences high virulence (morbidity/mortality)

Sustained person-to-person transmission
UNDERSTANDING THE SPREAD OF INFECTIONS
INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND SOCIAL NETWORKS
1st Generation - - 60
2nd Generation -- 900
3rd Generation – 13,500
4th Generation – 202,500
How Does Influenza Spread?
 Influenza is spread primarily via infected respiratory droplets and also via
contact with contaminated hands and surfaces
 The onset of clinical illness after the initial exposure (the incubation period) is
usually short: 1 to 3 days (range 1-7 days)
 An infected person may shed the virus one day before the onset of
symptoms and continue for 5 days after symptom onset, however, transmission is
most efficient during the first 3 days of illness when symptoms, such as cough and
fever, are present and viral shedding is highest
Prevention
Efforts are underway to develop
a bird flu vaccine, however, since
the virus mutates rapidly, it is
not clear whether this strategy
will be successful in the event of
a pandemic.
H5N1 Virions. (CDC, 2006)
H5N1 Virions
CDC 2006
INFECTION CONTROL
People can take certain steps to reduce their chances of infection …
 respiratory hygiene
 hand washing,
In general, public health measures such as quarantine, wearing masks in public, entry
screening etc. will not prevent the spread of the disease into communities.
Once in a community it will spread rapidly (4-6 weeks first wave, with potentially more
severe second or third waves)
Pandemic will affect all sectors including essential service providers (fire, police, military,
transportation services, government– emergency social services, health, etc).
All provinces and territories, possibly all countries, may be affected at once, ruling out
significant mutual aid support or sharing of resources.
Can we STOP a Pandemic?
The measures that are being taken to prevent or stop the
spread includes slaughter of infected or suspect bird flocks,
vaccination, quarantine of infected individuals, early
treatment of exposed individuals with antiviral drugs, and
general quarantine of communities where influenza is
present or suspected. Currently, the federal government is
monitoring the emergence of influenza of any type, and is
assessing the risk for human-to-human transmission
wherever bird flu is evident. This is stockpiling of antiviral
medications, but there will not be sufficient amounts of
antiviral medications to treat everyone.
Treatment
There is no specific treatment for bird flu. Medical care
focuses on symptom management. The first line is to treat
with antiviral medications such as oseltamivier (Tamiflu®).
This strategy is useful only before florid infection is
established. The supply of Tamiflu may be limited, and much
of current supplies are stockpiled in reserve for first
responders and health care providers. Medical care also
focuses on symptomatic care with intravenous fluids for
rehydration and antibiotics for treatment of secondary
bacterial pneumonia. The use of ventilators for the most
severely ill will be limited by the need for skilled personnel to
operate and maintain the equipment and skilled nurses to
monitor the patients using the ventilators.
Health Impacts of Pandemics
Assumptions for planning:
15%-35% of the population will be clinically ill over the course of the
pandemic and of these:
 assume that the majority of cases occur in the first wave (e.g. for a
clinical attack rate of 35%, plan for 25% illness rate over 6 weeks in
the first wave)
 50% will not require clinical care
 up to 50% will seek outpatient care
 1% will be hospitalized
 0.4% will die
Health Impacts of a Pandemic in Canada
Moderate severity and no vaccines or antivirals scenario:
 11,000 to 58,000 deaths
 34,000 to 138,000 hospitalizations
 2 to 5 million outpatients
 4.5 to 10.6 million clinically ill but no formal care
Economic costs
 health
care: $330 million to $1.4 billion
 societal (lost productivity): $5 to $38 billion
U.S. Meltzer Model adapted
BEING PREPARED = CONTINGENCY PLANNING
HEALTH IMPACT – Severe loss of life over many months
SOCIAL REPERCUSSIONS – Fear of close proximity to people may isolate
many in a community. Heavy demand from Staff to work from their home.
ECONOMIC EFFECT – Companies going out of business due to a drop in
their services and many may face a loss of employment causing a reduced
cash flow within the community.
COMMUNITY EFFECT – Traditional health service facilities may be
overwhelmed with demands for care. Illness among local government
employees may mean an interruption of critical community services, such as
water supply, waste disposal, sanitation and maintenance of infrasturcture.
BUT TODAY IS ABOUT MUCH MORE THAN
PANDEMIC INFLUENZA… IT’S ALSO ABOUT:
BEING READY FOR ANY EMERGENCY…
BECOMING A “CHURCH PREPARED”
ENGAGING OUR COMMUNITIES
IT’S ALSO ABOUT WORKING TOGETHER
GOALS OF PANDEMIC INFLUENZA
PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE
 To ensure the faith community is effectively
integrated into a pandemic response structure
before a pandemic occurs; and
 To create a meaningful dialogue to ensure the
faith community is addressing pandemic
proactively, responsibly and with meaningful
action.
FAITH-BASED & COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS
PANDEMIC INFLUENZA PREPAREDNESS CHECKLIST
1. Plan for the impact of a pandemic on your organization and its mission.
2. Communicate with and educate your staff, members, and persons in the
communities that you serve.
3. Plan for the impact of a pandemic on your staff, members, and the communities you serve.
4. Set up policies to follow during a pandemic.
5. Allocate resources to protect your staff, members, and persons in the communities that you serve
during a pandemic.
6. Coordinate with external organizations and help your community.
PLAN AHEAD…
PREPAREDNESS IS MULTI-DIMENSIONAL
• Communication Plan (Internal)
•
Communication Outside of the Church (External)
•
Education and Training for Church & Community
•
Reprioritization of Church Resources
•
Pastoral Care, Death/Dying Support
•
Ethical Considerations
SIMPLY CARING…
Considering that hospitals will be working at full capacity
simply treating the very ill, the mildly and moderately ill will
likely need to be cared for at home. Most such home care
will be very basic nursing (hydration, feeding, general care).
Anxiety will likely be compounded due to the disruption of
normal social and economic activities. Individuals and family
units wanting to look out for their own interests will be most
effective if they connect with their close neighbours, forming
small groups for the purpose of mutual assistance.
POSSIBLE TASKS FOR CHURCH INITIATED
MUTUAL ASSISTANCE GROUPS (MAGS)
The fear of the unknown has historically set
pandemic response efforts apart from ‘normal’
emergency response. As I try to help others,
will I bring the flu home to infect my family?
Therefore, concise, clear, authoritative,
relevant, and current information is essential to
have an effective response. MAGs can act as
channels for such ongoing education as it is
deemed necessary.
DENOMINATIONAL SURVEY
November, 2007
1.
On a scale of 1 to 10, how likely do you feel it is that we will see a
change in the existing bird flu such that a human flu pandemic will
occur in the next 10 years?








10 – (10%)
9 – (10%)
8 – (30%)
7 – (10%)
6 – (0%)
5 – (20%)
4 – (10%)
3 – (10%)
DENOMINATIONAL SURVEY
November, 2007
2.
Do you feel that making plans to minimize transmission,
mitigate the effect, and help bring healing through the course
of an influenza pandemic, could be an activity that would
connect the local church with the community?




Yes – 70%
Somewhat – 30%
Not Much – 0%
No – 0%
DENOMINATIONAL SURVEY
November, 2007
3.
If your denomination chose to disseminate information and
suggestions in this regard to your member churches, would
you know where to access accurate AND relevant
information?




Yes – 50%
No – 10%
No, but I would be interested to find out – 40%
No, and I don’t sense this is relevant to our mission – 0%
DENOMINATIONAL SURVEY
November, 2007
4.
When the next influenza pandemic begins, as has occurred every few decades
for centuries, it will require an immediate and highly-coordinated church
response. On a scale of 1 to10 (highest) how important do you feel it is to
implement the following prior to a pandemic?







Prayer – 8.9
Communication Plan – 8.3
Education and Training – 8.3
Individual/Family Preparedness – 8.3
Know Your Community – 8.1
Take Stock of Resources – 8.2
Build Relationships with your local health region – 8.00
DENOMINATIONAL SURVEY
November, 2007
5.
A pandemic of global proportions will require a global response. Has
your denomination had the opportunity to assess the potential impact
this would have on your overseas missionaries or ministries?


Yes – 40%
No – 60%
DENOMINATIONAL SURVEY
November, 2007
6.
It is the local response that will have the greatest impact on
minimizing the effects of a pandemic. Would it, therefore, be
valuable to organize a Regional Faith Community Summit on
Pandemic Preparedness and Response in each Province?



Yes – 70%
No, our denomination does not wish to pursue this further – 0%
I would like to have further dialogue to discuss a Regional
Summit in more detail - 30%
REGIONAL FAITH COMMUNITY SUMMIT ON
PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE
FACILITATOR: Bridges of Love Ministry
HOST: Rocky Mountain University College - Calgary, AB
DATE: May 14/15, 2008
HOW WOULD THE FOLLOWING IMPACT YOU?
CHURCH
AGENCY
FAMILY
HOW WOULD THE FOLLOWING IMPACT YOU?
Public Health Effects:
25-40% of population ill?
CHURCH
AGENCY
FAMILY
HOW WOULD THE FOLLOWING IMPACT YOU?
Public Health Effects:
25-40% of population ill?
Public Services:
Decreased essential services?
CHURCH
AGENCY
FAMILY
HOW WOULD THE FOLLOWING IMPACT YOU?
Public Health Effects:
25-40% of population ill?
Public Services:
Decreased essential services?
Social Disruptions:
Community buildings closed?
CHURCH
AGENCY
FAMILY
HOW WOULD THE FOLLOWING IMPACT YOU?
Public Health Effects:
25-40% of population ill?
Public Services:
Decreased essential services?
Social Disruptions:
Community buildings closed?
Economic Impacts:
Business continuity? Jobs?
CHURCH
AGENCY
FAMILY
HOW WOULD THE FOLLOWING IMPACT YOU?
CHURCH
AGENCY
FAMILY
HOW WOULD THE FOLLOWING IMPACT YOU?
Internal response:
Caring for our own members?
CHURCH
AGENCY
FAMILY
HOW WOULD THE FOLLOWING IMPACT YOU?
Internal response:
Caring for our own members?
Equipping for service:
Members serving neighbours?
CHURCH
AGENCY
FAMILY
HOW WOULD THE FOLLOWING IMPACT YOU?
Internal response:
Caring for our own members?
Equipping for service:
Members serving neighbours?
Community outreach:
Working with other groups?
CHURCH
AGENCY
FAMILY
HOW WOULD THE FOLLOWING IMPACT YOU?
Internal response:
Caring for our own members?
Equipping for service:
Members serving neighbours?
Community outreach:
Working with other groups?
Municipal cooperation:
Working with government?
CHURCH
AGENCY
FAMILY
FEDERAL DEPUTY MINISTERS COMMITTEE
FOR PANDEMIC INFLUENZA PLANNING
To provide for a more holistic view of pandemic planning
Over 20 Federal Departments involved
6 Working Groups
1. International Issues
2. Federal Business Continuity and Human Resources
3. Public Health and Emergency Management
4. Communications
5. Economic and Social Impacts
6. Private Sector
COMMUNITY BASED INTERVENTIONS
Recommended
 Stay home from public events/locations if you have fever
and new onset of respiratory symptoms
 Consider school and daycare closure
 Restriction of indoor public gatherings other than schools if
“high-risk” settings can be identified
Not Recommended
 Broad restrictions on indoor public gatherings
 Use of masks by well individuals (not including careproviders)
PERSONAL PREPAREDNESS MEASURES








Clean your hands! (Soap 15-20 seconds/Gels)
Cough and sneeze etiquette.
Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth.
Avoid close contact (Social Distancing Measures). (Don’t
get..Don’t spread!)
Stay at home if you are sick.
Self sustainability at home (food, water)
Consult a HC Provider when needed.
Practice other good health habits.
WE HAVE A RESPONSIBLITY
Good Health Habits








Proper nutrition
Exercise
Manage stress
Plenty of fluids
Get your “flu” shots!
Family Preparedness
Family Awareness
Family Plans and Preparations (Any Emergency)
INVESTIGATE ALTERNATE PLANS
Practice respiratory etiquette and
infection control techniques such
as:
–
–
–
–
Good hand hygiene
Covering your cough and sneeze
Keeping living and work areas clean
Keeping your distance
Gather supplies, food, medicines,
cash, and water for your home
• Create a family/friend
communication plan (MAGs)
• Learn about personal protective
supplies
•
Critical Health Practices



Cover your mouth when coughing
Wash hands often and thoroughly
Use a hand sanitizer before eating
in a public place
Once an influenza strain evolves with capacity to
infect humans, person-to-person spread by
respiratory transmission leads to widespread human
disease.
If you are feeling under the weather…
STAY AWAY FROM OTHERS UNTIL
YOU ARE WELL AGAIN
A newly infected influenza
patient may shed infectious
virus particles before
becoming symptomatic, so
spread is rapid when people
congregate in confined spaces.
STOCK PILE SIX WEEKS FOOD AND WATER
One week
groceries for
a family of
four –
Don’t
depend on
your favorite
pizza parlor
to be
operational…
BRIDGING THE ‘GAP’
“Any community that fails to prepare, with the
expectation that the federal government, or for
that matter, even the state government will come
to their rescue at the final moment will be
tragically wrong.”
Michael Leavitt, Secretary of Health and Human Services
THE NEED TO PREPARE FOR A HUMAN
PANDEMIC INFLUENZA

Not just a health care problem. A societal problem.

Potentially Pervasive, Profound, Prolonged

Start Planning Now
• The Pandemic Clock is ticking…
Governmental officials and community leaders are
working to prepare for the worst, while hoping for the
best.

DUTY TO ACT



The Faith Community is ethically, spiritually and
morally bound to spearhead Avian Flu preparation
and mitigation efforts, to be a visible and influential
pillar of the local community.
We are here to serve and look forward to this
opportunity to collaborate with Health and
Government officials to address this very important
social issue.
We need to simply and practically care for and truly
love our neighbours.
WHY??
Because we love our God!
Our responsiveness is always determined
by a continuing exploration of the
distinctive identity and purpose of the
church as the community called to witness
to God’s mighty work in Jesus Christ.
GET READY…Putting Feet to our Faith
We don’t have to be gifted or brilliant to be a servant
and good neighbour.
We just have to be willing... Chuck Swindoll
While the major sources of pandemic influenza planning can
provide volumes of background information on the nature of
the threat and make recommendations for a global or
national response, it is the local response that will have the
greatest impact on minimizing the effects of a pandemic. In
fact, the larger and more widespread the pandemic, the
more local the response will have to be.
Pandemic Influenza Planning by Vernon Dorisson
Get Ready…
AN OVER-WHELMING TASK?
More questions than answers…
All are manageable!

Prayer
 Spiritual Readiness
 Physical Readiness
 Relationship Readiness
 More Prayer…
The only things that is more difficult than planning for
an emergency is having to explain why WE didn’t!”
THE CHOICE IS OURS…
SPECIAL THANKS
•
My sincere appreciate to Dr. Tim Foggin who has been a mentor and
friend. Tim opened the door for Bridges of Love to engage in Pandemic
Preparedness connecting the church with the community in which it is
found. Also…
•
Special thanks to Larry Bredesen, Public Health Agency of Canada,
who very kindly shared valuable information for this Point Point
presentation. And to…
•
Reverend Phillip C. Cato, Ph.D – Maryland, US who shared his work
and passion for engaging the church in Pandemic Preparedness.
FOR MORE INFORMATION ON BUILDING BRIDGES OF LOVE
THOUGH PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS
Marg Pollon
Bridges of Love Ministry
“Living Proof of a Loving God”
403.263.5683 (o) - 403.616.0536 (c)
Email: [email protected]
Web : www.bridgesoflove.net