Transcript American History Unit 9 America at the Turn of the
American History Unit 12 America at the Turn of the Twentieth Century
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America at the Turn of the Twentieth Century
Topics discussed in this unit: Education Entertainment Life for African Americans under Jim Crow laws The changing role of women. OwlTeacher.com
The Expansion of Education
_____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________. Educational opportunities were not available to all Americans on an equal basis. Women, African Americans, and Native Americans still faced significant discrimination. OwlTeacher.com
By the end of the nineteenth century, the vast majority of Americans attended at least a few years of public schooling in order to learn to read, write, and do basic arithmetic. _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________. OwlTeacher.com
The Expansion of Education
As more students completed high school, more opportunities developed for them to attend institutions of higher learning.
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The Expansion of Education
Between the years 1880 and 1900, around 150 new colleges and universities opened their doors. ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ __________________________________________. OwlTeacher.com
Women, too, began to have opportunities to receive a higher education as many colleges formed associated women ’ s schools.
_____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________.
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The Expansion of Education
Unfortunately this education was not equally available to everybody. African-American children generally attended ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ __________________________________________. OwlTeacher.com
Native American children could only attend schools if __________________________________ ___________________ to attend special boarding schools that forced them to give up their ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ __________________________________________.
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The Expansion of Education
As far as higher education went, there were few colleges and universities who would admit ________________________, yet there were many African Americans who wanted higher educational opportunities. Only a few institutions — Oberlin, Bates, and Bowdoin — accepted African-American students, and there were also several segregated African American schools founded during Reconstruction, including Fisk University and Howard University. OwlTeacher.com
The Expansion of Education
Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Dubois represented two differing views on African American education. Washington believed in ____________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________. W. E. B. Dubois did not agree. He argued that _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________.
Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Dubois
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New Forms of Entertainment
From 1880 to 1915, Americans who had more money and leisure time began to flock to new forms of entertainment. OwlTeacher.com
New Forms of Entertainment
With new forms of transportation and more leisure time and more money, many Americans began to look for new forms of entertainment to take them away from the dirty, crowded streets where they lived and work. ________________________________________ ________________________________________ _______________________________________. They also included visits to the circus and tips to amusement parks.
New Forms of Entertainment
This was the grand era of amusement parks such as Coney Island ’ s Luna Park. OwlTeacher.com
New Forms of Entertainment
Sports provided people with another form of inexpensive entertainment, and fans flocked to baseball, football, and basketball games in particular.
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New Forms of Entertainment
Other more personal forms of entertainment included the reading of newspapers, magazines, and dime-store novels. Musical diversions included concerts, dances, or simply gathering around the piano at home. ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ __________________________________________.
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The World of Jim Crow
_____________________________________ _____________________________________. In the South, Jim Crow laws were designed to keep African Americans _____________________________________. In the North, there was less legal discrimination, but still not full equality in practice. African Americans began to band together to work for __________________________.
The World of Jim Crow
After the end of Reconstruction, Southern whites began to introduce laws to keep freed slaves and other African Americans subservient in society. _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________. OwlTeacher.com
Jim Crow
Most Southern states also introduced Jim Crow laws to enforce _________________. These laws required the separation of African Americans and whites in _______, _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________. OwlTeacher.com
The World of Jim Crow
Even public facilities such as bathrooms and water fountains were segregated. The Supreme Court held up this idea of segregation in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, which stated that ___________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ OwlTeacher.com
_______________________________.
The World of Jim Crow
Facilities, though, were hardly equal, which was difficult to prove in court. In the North, discrimination was less blatant but was still ever present, sometimes erupting in race riots. Violence was not unusual as African Americans were frequently attacked or — much worse — _______________________.
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The World of Jim Crow
_____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________. In 1905, many black leaders met to discuss the problem at the Niagara Conference in Ontario, Canada. OwlTeacher.com
Out of this conference came the formation of the
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
(NAACP) in 1909.
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The World of Jim Crow
The NAACP became a vital force in the fight for civil rights throughout the twentieth century. _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ __. African-American intellectuals published scholarly articles and literature, African American businesses sprang up everywhere, OwlTeacher.com
and Booker T. Washington established the
The Changing Roles of Women
With new inventions to make housework easier, women found their roles in society ________________________________. These changes fueled a debate over the _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________. OwlTeacher.com
The Changing Roles of Women
At the turn of the century, there was wide debate throughout society on “ the women question.
” For many women, the question boiled down to a few demands: Women should be able to __________, control their own ________________________, and obtain an _____________________________________. OwlTeacher.com
The Changing Roles of Women
Women ’ s role in the home had changed. Although there was still necessary work, it no longer took as many hours to take care of a home and family.
Few women needed to bake homemade bread or make their family ’ s clothes because ready-made items were less expensive and easily available. ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ___________________________________________. OwlTeacher.com
The Changing Roles of Women
________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ___. Most but not all women stopped working after marriage. The invention of the __________________ and ______________________ provided more work opportunities for women as secretaries or operators.
Wealthier women put their energies into _____________________________________. They joined clubs of common interest and worked for causes such as temperance and girl ’ s education. OwlTeacher.com
The Changing Roles of Women
___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ __________________________________________.
The National Women
later.
’ s Suffrage Organization
began to strive toward gaining the vote for women in 1890 and would succeed thirty years Although many women disagreed with some of the ideas of the hairstyles, occupations, and pastimes, _________ was the issue on which nearly all of them could unite.
“ New Women ” and her dress,