Transcript State of poverty: Achievements, challenges and Prospects

State of poverty:
Achievements, challenges
and Prospects
MKUKUTA: Achievements,
challenges and Prospects
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Current Poverty Reduction
Policy Frameworks
National Development Vision 2025,
National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of
Poverty (MKUKUTA II),
• Five Years Development Plan,
• Poverty Monitoring Master Plan
• Sector Policies/programs/projects and Reforms
Programs,
Emphasis on inclusive growth, reduction of income
poverty; improvement of quality of life and social
well-being; good governance and accountability.
•
•
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Overview of
MKUKUTA II Implementation
 State of poverty is assessed by
looking at the achievements and
challenges recorded through the
implementation of MKUKUTA-II
developed 2010
 MKUKUTA implementation is tracked
through the MKUKUTA Monitoring
Master Plan set up in December 2011
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Overview of
MKUKUTA II Implementation Cont…
 MAIR, PHDR and survey reports
prepared in close collaboration with
s/holders as part of MKUKUTA
assessment
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Purpose of MKUKUTA Annual
Assessment
 Provide progress on priorities as
identified in MKUKUTA;
 Stimulate further dialogue on key
strategic issues: prioritization ,
resources mobilization and
utilization;
 Provide inputs and information for
national budget process
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1. Growth and Reduction of
Income Poverty
 Most macro indicators have recorded positive
and significant progress. For instance:
 GDP growth: Real GDP grew by 6.9
percent in 2012 higher than growth of 6.4
recorded in 2011 (mainly attributed to
favourable weather, improved
communication and financial services,
supply of subsidized agricultural inputs and
increased reliability of power generation)
 The manufacturing sector grew by 8.2
percent in 2012 compared to 7.8 percent in
2011
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Cont….
Agriculture sector grew by 4.3 percent in
2012 as compared to 3.6 percent in 2011
(attributed to favourable weather condition
during 2010/11 and timely distribution of
inputs, as well as availability of high yield
seeds).
The annual average inflation rate for June
2013 was 8.5 percent compared to 17. 4
percent in June 2011. This is partly attributed
to (i) higher oil prices in the world market ,
and (ii) high food prices caused by high food
demand in some of the neighboring countries
.


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Cont….
 Total exports of goods and services grew
by 2.8 percent to US$8,283.8 million in
2012/13 from USD 8,055.1 million in
2011/12 (mainly attributable to traditional
and manufactured export goods, and
transportation receipts).
 Government domestic revenue collection
as a percentage of GDP (tax and non tax
revenue) increased to 17.7 percent in
2012/13 from 17 percent in 2011/12.
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Income Poverty
Current Status
 According to the HBS 2011/12, the
overall basic needs poverty level in
Tanzania Mainland is 28.2 percent, 33.3
percent in rural areas, 4.1 per cent Dar
es Salaam and 21.7 percent in other
urban areas.
 The national average food poverty
stands at 9.7 percent, rural has 11.3
percent and 8.7 percent in other urban
areas. Dar es Salaam has the lowest of
extreme food poverty (1.0 percent).
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Challenges
Poverty is a multidimensional
phenomenon:
(income and non income dimensions).
 Poverty is still high in rural areas -growth is not
pro-poor, emphasis on inclusive growth, to
address issues of quality of growth, redistribution,
social protection and need for results and
accountability (need to speed-up efforts to
improve productivity in sectors with maximum
impact on poverty reduction to the poor
(agriculture & manufacturing)
 How to expand and maintain efficient, transport
system for growth.
 Innovative sources to finance Government budget
(e.g. infrastructure bond and PPP arrangement).
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Copping up Strategies
 Expand irrigation systems as a substitute for
rain-fed agriculture
 Encourage rural non-farm activities for
increasing rural employment, especially in the
food processing and service sectors
 Design and implement youth employment
programmes for self-employment to address
urban poverty
 Break the Cycle of Energy Crises in the country
to boost manufacturing and employment
creation.
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2.Improving Quality of Life and
Social Well-being (performance)
Most indicators have recorded remarkable improvement
Education
 Increased enrolment ratio in primary education
(achievable MDG 2). Net enrolment was 92.0
percent in 2012. 2015 target is 100 percent.
 Training at various levels including teacher’s training
has been enhanced
 Increased recruitment of teachers in all levels
(primary, secondary and higher education)
 Enrolment at higher education continued to rise as a
result of an increase in the number of universities
and increased loans for students pursuing higher
education.
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Cont…..
Survival, Health and well-being
 Proportion of stunted children under five years decreased
from 38 percent during 2004/05 to 35 percent in 2012;
 Infant mortality (achievable MDG 4) reduced from 68
deaths per 1,000 live births (2004/05) to 51 (2011/12)
– DHS. 2015 target is 40
 Child(under-five) mortality (achievable MDG 4) reduced
from 112 deaths per 1,000 live births (2004/05) to 81
(2011/12) - DHS. 2015 target is 67
 Maternal mortality decreased from 578 per 100,000 live
births in 2004/05 to 454 (DHS 2011/12)
 HIV prevalence (achievable MDG 6) among adults age
(15-49) declined slightly from 5.7 percent in 2007/08 to
5.1 percent in 2011/12 (THMIS). 2015 target is less than
6 percent
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Cont…..
Water
 Access to clean and safe water in urban areas has
been maintained at 86 percent in 2012/13.
 In rural areas access has increased from 56.6
percent in 2011/12 to 57percent in 2012/13.
 The number of households connected to sewerage
system increased from 20,910 in 2011/2012 to
21,999 in 2012/2013.
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Challenges
 How to improve pass rates in both primary
and secondary education
 How to meet the increasing demand for
teachers and lecturers in all levels of
education sector
 Increasing the availability of teaching and
learning facilities including insufficient
number of laboratories for practical training
in most of schools
 How to strengthen routine data for health
related indicators
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Challenges cont….
 Diminishing water resources which is
aggravated by encroachment and
environmental degradation of water source
areas including pollution of watersheds,
wetlands, springs and water recharge areas;
 Water leakage remains a major issue in
various Urban Water Authorities mainly due
to dilapidated water infrastructure, water
theft and damages during road construction.
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Copping up Strategies
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Enhance the quality and standard of education
through programs that focus to increase the
number of qualified and professional teachers,
school facilities.
Enhance efforts to curb maternal mortality rate,
prevent HIV/AIDS, malaria control and improve
district health services
Comprehensive planning for the whole district
(rehabilitation, capital investments for new
projects, and operations and maintenance
arrangements that ensure sustainability) needs
to be given priority instead of focusing on few
villages per year.
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3. Good Governance and
Accountability
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
Unqualified opinions for MDAs, and Regional
Secretariats (RS) have increased from 69 (85
percent) in 2010/11 to 108(94.7 percent) in
2011/12. This year’s results have not recorded any
Adverse Opinion.
Unqualified opinions for LGAs have increased by
32(24 percent) from the year 2010/11 to 2011/12.
The number of court cases outstanding continued
to decline whereby for primary courts the number
of resolved cases out of total outstanding issues
increased from 510,996 cases during 2011/12 to
577,425 cases during 2012/13.
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Cont…
 Number of processed cases has also increased
from 83,082 cases in 2011/12 to 104,359
cases in 2012/13 which is an increase
equivalent to 26 percent. This is accounted by
the increase of court capacity both human as
well as on infrastructure development at the
district court.
 The government recovered the otherwise
embezzled public resources equal to
4,404,781,998 in 2011/12 compared to
3,020,556,461 recovered in 2010/11
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Challenges
 Inadequate human resource. Trained personnel
continued to refraining reporting to the located
stations, and prefer to remain in urban centers.
 Inadequate infrastructures (i.e. offices,
office equipments, housing, communication
equipments) for law enforcers (i.e. Police,
Prison, Courtroom, and legal systems);
inadequate remunerations

Inadequate monitoring and evaluation
framework that help to monitor progress of
activities at lower level
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Copping up Strategies
 Capacity building interventions, recruitment of
more staff for reduction of case backlog
 Instituting incentive mechanisms that will
attract personnel to work in rural areas
particularly on health, education, agriculture
and water sectors.
 Direct efforts to improve working
infrastructures and conditions
 Involve communities in managing the natural
resources
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Financing
 Substantial progress has been made in
harmonizing donor assistance through the
(JAST) which has resulted in reduction of
transaction costs.
 The General Budget Support (GBS) is an
instrument utilized for consolidating
government as well as development partners’
efforts towards supporting poverty reducing
interventions in the country.
 Domestic and Donor contribution has
increased significantly
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Challenges
 Enhancing domestic revenue mobilization.
efforts to broaden the revenue base should go in
line with modernization of tax collection and
administration especially computerization of all
revenue collection systems to eliminate all forms
of revenue leakage/losses and tax evasion.
 Enhancing domestic production of goods and
services for widening domestic revenue base
 Effective and efficient implementation of the PPP
Act and increased contribution of the private
sector in resource mobilization will also provide
another avenue for financing MKUKUTA
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Monitoring and Evaluation
 To ensure availability of timely and reliable
evidence on growth and poverty, MKUKUTA
Monitoring Master Plan (MMMP) was put in
place.
 The MKUKUTA Technical Committee under the
chairmanship of DPs-MOF (oversee the
implementation)
 Day to day operations are under:
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data and information generation coordinated by NBS
research and analysis function coordinated by REPOA
under the chairmanship of COSTECH
stakeholders engagement coordinated by PED
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Challenges
 Staff capacity to undertake monitoring and
evaluation functions is still major challenge in
almost all government Institutions
 The MMS II has more than 80 indicators. This
implies more work and funding for data
collection (both routine and surveys), research
and Analysis
 The funding of MMS II highly dependent on
external support. This raises concerns on the
sustainability of monitoring activities
 The MMS has so far little impacts on
strengthening routine data systems or research
work at the MDA level as well as the LGA level
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CONCLUSION
•
•
Improved poverty focus require the extension of
basic services to the poor majority. With
resources constrained and limited revenue, can be
afforded only if the Government make hard
choices to reduce the cost free or subsidized
services currently enjoyed by a mainly non-poor
minority.
Need to empower community towards social and
economic development, promotion of self-reliant
activities at household level including open up
opportunities for investors for job creation etc.
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CONCL..Cont..
Efforts which are being done by DPs, CSO/Faith Based
Organizations are noted and highly acknowledged
by the Government. As a key stakeholder, we
emphasize to:
i. Continue support the Government in bringing peace
to strengthen political stability,
ii. Continue support Government efforts at all levels in
supporting policy and program formulation,
implementation, monitoring and evaluation,
iii. Promote loyalty, and prevention of corruption,
iv. Strengthening support to the poor (vulnerable
groups e.g. MVC; poor elderly/widow/disabled; and
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unemployed youth).
CONCL..Cont..
 Collective action to spur good
reputation, strengthening cooperation
and creativity for development are
highly emphasized.
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Thank you for your
Attention
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