Transcript Slide 1
Washington, D.C., 27th June 2008 United Nations UN-Habitat – United Nations Program for Human Settlements ROLAC: Regional Office for Latin America and Caribbean Mandate: • To improve the conditions of those living in poor settlements • Stabilize actual slums • Avoid the proliferation of new slums United Nations Erradicate of extreme poverty and hunger Achieve universal primary education Promote gender equakity and empower women Reduce child mortality Improve maternal health Combat HIV/Aids, malária and other diseses Ensure environmental sustainability Goal10: Reduce by half, by 2015 the proportion of population without permanent and sustainable access to good quality of water Goal 11: By 2020, improve significantly the lives of at least 100 million inhabitants that kive in slums. Develop a global partnership for Development Disadvantages: poverty and inequality City fragmentation Social and economic inequalities URBAN SEGRAGATION Population in Slums Latin America and Caribbean: 127 millions of people living in poor human settlements or slums in 2001 It is estimated we will have 143 millions by 2015 City Challenges Improve basic infrastrucutre and communications Improve or create specialized services Technological innovations Sustainable environment (built and natural) Transparent institutions and regulations Improve the quality of regulations Fight security at all levels (home, neighborhood, city) Promote social cohesion Safer Cities Programme Traditional Response New Responses recognize • Focus on the criminal justice system • Specializes on major crime • Targets effects instead of causes • Reactive instead of preventive • Often short term and non sustainable results • Safety as a “common good” and key to good governance • A role for everybody in building local safety, respecting mandates • Need to target causes to reach lasting results • Prevention is better than cure Safer Cities Prevention Three pillars of crime prevention Law Enforcement and Social Prevention CJS Reform Youth and women •Targeted visible police patrols •Youth empowerment •Conflict resolution •Victim support •Neighbourhood watch •Recreational facilities to •By-law enforcement occupy youth •Improve relationships •Developing victim support •and accessibility Urban Design •Supporting street layout •Improving lighting •Designing streets, buildings, parks to reduce opportunities for crime •Reorganize markets or terminals Safer Cities Process Key Elements for Effective Implementation A security diagnosis •Challenges •Risk factors •Community resources Regional and (inter) national networks for exchange and replication A strategy and action plan •Establish priorities •Identify model for practices •Target actions and risk factors •Balance short & long term actions A Coalition •leadership •Assembling all key partners •Engaging citizens •Communication strategy •Age and gender sensitive Evaluation & feedback •Process evaluation •Impact evaluation •Tools development Implementation •training •Co-ordination of partners •actions Safer Cities Programme OBJECTIVE Strenghten local authorities and key actors to be better prepare to provide safety and security to vulnerable groups in countries promoting social cohesion RATIONALE FOR LOCAL INTERVENTION Why a local policy on urban security? • Closest to local reality • Accountable to residents • Reinforcing the State at local level Safer Cites Programme SPECIFIC GOALS Promote and validate an integral approch to safety and security in the areas of governance, urban renewal and improvement of slums. Develope guides and tools for safety, documentation and practice. Promote aliances among partners and key actors thropugh a strategic communication. Key actions and some examples 1) Coalitions with leadership including neighborhood associations. (Kenya e Tanzania) 2) A local safety analysis: Local genesis and localizing insecure actions (Bogota,Colombia) Insecure and Unsafe perception Identification of positive and negative responses Key actions and some examples 3) Local Strategies (Bogota e Medellin): Define activities and priorities Define members of the coalition responible for actions Calendar of events Improve the economic background (New York) Design Forms of evaluation Strategy of Crime prevention in cities (Bogota) Key actions and some examples 4) Form a cooalition with a local technical coordinator that will: (african cities): Coordinate local diagnosis Prepare a strategy, present it and have it approved for practice Support, impulse and supervise the coalition actions Works in close relationship with local authoritiesSecurity in Open Public Spaces (Mexico) Promote a safety ciy and citizen conscience as part of the urban development interventions Cidades mais Seguras 5. Other key lements Measures directed to youth in risk situation (Monterrey, Bogota, Santiago). Descentrallized measures on conflict resolution Police and communities working together (Santiago, Chile) Measures directed to safety perception Measures directed to victims of violence (Maipu, Tucuman, Mexico, Colombia)