Transcript Document

DARE to keep e-material ready for
the future!
IATUL Conference, Ankara, June 2003
Maria A.M. Heijne
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Vermelding onderdeel organisatie
Library
Do we need (to) DARE?
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•
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Academic output limited to published text?
Adequate visibility for scholars?
Do we have a reliable overview of output?
Can we do without the commercial publishers?
Can we afford the current system?
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Improvements?
(SPARC leads the way!)
• SPARC provides a good overview of the improvements
that are sought by various parties in the information
chain.
• Parties like
• scholars,
• teaching staff,
• service providers and
• university administrators.
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DARE:
solutions through collaboration
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Stakeholders
Schol ars:
Author/Reader
R esearcher/Tutor
Government
Academic
soci eties
DARE
Li brari ans
Uni versity
management
boards/
administ ration
Academic
publ ishers
Students
partner
Royal
Library,
NWO, KNAW
DARE aims & scope
• Institutional repositories at all universities :
• digital collections capturing and preserving all intellectual
output of a university : dissertations; grey literature
(working papers, pre-prints); data sets; articles; multimedia presentations et cetera
• Distributed network
• All academic output
• (Data level)
• Efficient storage, available for various forms of re-use
• (Service level)
• Key criterion: interoperability through standardization
• (OAI-PMH, Dublin Core, DOI)
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Functional model of a repository
content producers
Repository
Manage
ment
Ingest
A
d
m
i
n
Man.
info
metadata
management
institute
respon
sibility
digital object
management
meta
data
digital
objects
Access Interface
interface
to
E-depot Royal
Library
OTHER SERVICES
web
publ.
joint
respon
sibility
What do we win?
• Increased awareness among scholars of:
• importance of better availability of scholarly information
• the effect on visibility and reputation of scholars themselves
• advantages that ICT can offer (multimedia, digital review
process, e-archive et cetera)
• Universities have decisive role in academic information chain
• Universities better able to fulfil social responsibility for availability
and use of their research output
• Improved management of academic information
• Improved national/international knowledge infrastructure
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The main hurdles
• Traditional publication system and its importance for
one’s academic career
• University administration and librarian’s problem is not
the scholar’s problem
• Scholar’s autonomy
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Realization
• Get scholars and teaching staff enthusiastic
• Ensures commitment
• Gain trust within the community
• Development of general aims and planning into concrete plans
and action
• Pioneering, trial and error
• Pragmatic approach
• Build and expand on existing national and international projects
• Make good use of existing experience and expertise at
participating institutes
• Organize locally what can be done locally, restrict central activities
to strictly necessary
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Approach towards scholarly
community
Appeal to scholar’s self-interest – ‘what’s in it for me’?
Offer practical, immediate advantages,
not
ideology and long-term
Stress possibilities for complementing and improving,
not
for replacing the present scholarly information and
communication systems
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Approach of the project
• Short term – ‘quick wins’ – first service projects in
2003
copyright management
online publishing of conference proceedings
connection to national system for research results
digital review process
• Longer term – lasting change – change in career
assessment methods, work with publishers on new
business models
• Participation of scholars in (development of) DARE
programme – they are the best ambassadors
• Build on experience - what works, what doesn’t
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Technical Specifications
Set conceptual framework
Metadata standards
What belongs in the repository, what does not
Dynamic archiving versus long term preservation,
role Royal Library
• Define link with research management information
systems
• Develop link with digital learning environments
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•
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KEEP e-material ready:
E-archive project
Dynamic archiving: Preservation of and access to documents ….
but digitally
• Digitized and
• “digital born compound documents”, consisting of:
• text
• image
• sound
• datasets
• models
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Principles E-archive
•
data and metadata of the document inseparable linked to each
other, making use of a so-called XML container. XML is self
descriptive, so the contents of the container can be deciphered
as long as the characters are recognised
•
the original document/data always is saved as a bitstream
•
the viewer, being the program that gives any significance to the
data is also saved in a XML-container, just as several
representations of the document, e.g. the Word version, but also
pdf or html.
This way the user will be offered flexibility.
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Document and Viewer Container in XML
Document container
Identif ication
Bibliographical
Meta data
Preservation
MetaData
view erlist
original content
alternative
representation
encapsul ated bin
Viewer container
Identif ication
Bibliographical
Meta dat a
Preservation
MetaDat a
viewerlist
source
representation
executable
representation
a.out
file hierarchy
description
Processor,
OS,appli cati on
source code
entities
li st + l ibraries li st
Receipts
mutati ons,compile
& l ink scripts
source code
Libraries
fi les,
dependencies
publ ic+private +
build scri pts
Documentation
components+
dependency
Principles E-archive
• bits and bytes (hardware and (system) software)
• content (semantics, formats),
• accessibility
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Archival Information Package
<XML ... > ... dtd ..
<con tain e r docId = “NLUBUX...”>
example
art icle
de scripti on me ta data
<title..
<author <id
The AIP is the atom of the electronic archive
pre s e rvati on
me tadata
<lifetime... <rights ..
•
•
•
Use pure character streams ASCII/UTF
Keep meta data together with content
Store the original and one or more
other representations.
vie we r in fo
<viewer 1 ...
<viewer 2 ...
ori gin al i npu t fil es
<!CDATA[[
t ex input
files
bundled
]]
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•
Archive items in containers with XML.
Archive also Viewers in the archive :
programs which give meaning to the
content representation in the containers
repre se n tati on 2
<!CDATA[[
htm l
version
]]
repre se n tati on 3
<!CDATA[[
]]
</con tain e r
pdf
version
Emulation versus Conversion ?
DATA and (analysing) Programs belong together
• Conceptual: Documents have viewers
• Viewers define formats (conversion programs)
• Documents stored in different formats :
original
data
viewer 1.1
viewer 1.2
viewer 1.3
User
presentation
converted
data 1
Emulation and conversion
are functionally equal
viewer 1.2
converted
data 2
viewer 1.3
viewer 1.3
Conclusion : Storing alternative Representations is an option
Delft Implementation of E-Archive
Findings
4 dimensions
• the organisational dimension; i.e. (inter) national co-operation
and standardisation
• the production dimension; implementing an organisational and
technical infrastructure for the digital archive
• technology dimension; further research on preservation strategies
and theır implementation
• the business dimension; designing business models for the
exploitation and economical viability of a digital archive.
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Future steps
Royal Library, Delft and other European partners
will collaborate in PATCH (Permanent Access
Toolkit) in order to make all developments so
far operational.
A project proposal is under consideration within
European 6th Framework.
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Thank you!
Questions??
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