Transcript AGN – Specific quality linked to geographical origin

Quality linked to
geographical origin and GIs
Lessons learnt from the world and presentation of the project
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Outline
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Origin-linked products, GIs and rural
development
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What does FAO do in this domain
3.
Presentation of the Croatian project
and team
Origin-linked products, GIs
and rural development
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Linking People, Product and Place
Specific quality,
reputation in the
market
Example: Chivito
Criollo del Norte
Neuquino, Argentina
local race
local specific breed in arid
mountainous region (altitude
ranging from 600 to 2400 m)
Local natural
and human
resources:
soil, climate,
breed,
varieties,
know-how...
• Characterization of the
• Elaboration of the code
of practice
• Protection of the GI and
marketing
Product
People
Place
GI
Motivations and
capacity to
engage a
collective
process
“we want the
young can stay
and live this
life”
International Definitions
TRIPS Agreement (1994)
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Geographical Indications identify a good as
originated in the territory of a Member, where a
given quality, reputation or other
characteristic of the good is essentially
attributable to its geographical origin
153 WTO member states
GI are considered to be
intellectual property
rights, and members
countries have to provide
legal tools to protect
these rights.
Lisbon Agreement (1958)
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Appellation of Origin is the geographical name of
a country, region, or locality, which serves to
designate a product originating therein, the
quality and characteristics of which are due
exclusively or essentially to the geographical
environment, including natural and human
factors.
WIPO (158 member states)
27 Contracting Parties
“AO” defined by Lisbon
can be considered as a
category of “GI” defined
by TRIPS
Advantages
Economic Pillar
protection against fraud (legal protection);
access to niche markets;
adding value;
reducing market price fluctuations;
redistribution along value chain;
benefits from collective action;
maintain added value in the production areas
Etc.
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Consumers’ side
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social expectations
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food diversity
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guaranties about quality, origin and
production process
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Etc.
Social Pillar
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self esteem and its indirect effects (power of
negotiation/rights defense);
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preservation of cultural heritage;
job opportunities;
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positive effects on tourism.
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Etc.
Environmental Pillar
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awareness and sustainable use of natural
resources
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preservation of biodiversity,
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Etc.
Varieties of GIs in the world
Geographical scope
What products
Protection and Property
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governmental standard (public policy) or private standard according
the country...
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sui generis protection : 167 including the EU
TradeMark systems : 56 nations (a number use both)
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Conformity assessment systems
Exigencies
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And varieties of impact...
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“GIs” in the world
Apples of Sbiba
Littoral Norte Gaucho rice AO
PGI Longkou Fen Si
Banana of Costa Rica
AOP safran de Taliouine
Joint public-private and 2 levels actions
GI : Public recognition and protection
National
level
(intern.)
Regulation
legal and
institutional
framework
•Legal framework: Assessment, Registration,
Protection
•Enabling environment at local level: support to local
implementation, consumer information, …
intermediary actors and institutions
IP related to a territory/community of firms:
Action at
local
level
Voluntary
approach,
private sector
driven
- Demonstration of the specific link between the product and
the territory
- share a definition of the specific quality
- manage the GI system
one origin-linked product = one specific code of practice
Lessons learnt – Local
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Not an automatic tool...
Impacts depend on local resources and process; not on
registration as such
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Collective approach and appropriation
Organization: representativeness and GI management
Code of practice / participative, shared definition
Market and partners identified (niche market with added value)
Identification of local resources for preservation of specific quality and
heritage
Major constraints:
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long term approach
Capacities
Lessons learnt – institutional
New area that requires:
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Clear and sound legal and institutional framework
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Assessment and protection as IPR
Policies to promote GI with a positive impact on rural development
Coordination systems between different sectors, levels and
capacities
Importance of consumer information
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What does FAO do in this
domain?
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Background
FAO Goals
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ensuring a world in which all people have sufficient safe and nutritious food that meet
dietray needs and food preferences
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eliminating poverty, driving forward economic and social progress , enhanced rural
development and sustainable livelihoods
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ensuring sustainable management and utilization of natural ressources (land, water,
climate, genetic resources…)
GIs among other market tools and stanadrds can contribute to attain these
goals
Recent and quick development of GIs over the world 1994:
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Development of a multilateral legal framework for GIs within the WTO
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national heritage: importance of promoting and protecting it
Quality & Origin project
www. foodquality-origin.org
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Main objective: to assist Member Countries and
stakeholders in developing Specific quality schemes.
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Framework:
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project launched in 2007
development of technical cooperation projects
Specific focus on origin-linked quality
Activities
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Guidance tools and studies:
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regional seminars, expert meetings, networking
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Regional workshop "Food Quality Linked to Origin and Traditions in Southeastern
European countries“, Belgrade, December 2008
Case studies (South-eastern European: Užićka Goveća Pršuta, Serbia;
Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bean of Tetovo - Tetovski Krav, FYROM)
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Livno Cheese -
Develop support (practical) tools, sensitization, communication
Technical cooperation projects:
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According to requests
Combining support to
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institutional (and legal when necessary) framework (national, regional)
pilot products (product, organization, value chain, market...)
Guide Linking People, Places and
Products
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FAO/SINER-GI
Road map for
activating a local
sustainable process in
which GI can play a role for
economic development and
social/environmental
preservation
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Step by step approach
List of Technical Cooperation projects
COUNTRY
DURATION
OBJECT
Morocco
2008-2010
Support to development and the implementation of a recognition system for specific
quality signs and origin-based labels in Morocco.
Tunisia
2008-2010
Support to development and implementation of a control system for origin-based quality
products
Tunisia
2008-2010
Elaboration of a national strategy: “promotion of a strategy for the valorization of quality
products”
Morocco
2008-2011
Capacity-building of the local stakeholders to develop mountain quality products –
Example of Saffron
Lebanon
2009
Development of a GI for the Labneh value-chain
Bhutan
2009-2010
Establishment of a national strategy for promotion and preservation of specific quality
products: the case of Yak products
Chili, Argentina, Brazil,
Equator, Costa Rica
2010-2012
Regional Technical Cooperation Project on origin-based and tradition-based quality of
food products
Ukraine
Jan-Aug 2010
Assessment of GI potential and its realization in support of rural development
Croatia
2009 – ongoing
Formulation of GI project – starting in 2011
Mali
2009- ongoing
Supporting producers’ organization for a better exploitation of productions in the circles of
Bandiagara and Menaka
2009- ongoing
Promoting origin-linked quality products in four African countries ( in collaboration with
Slow Food)
Formulation
Support to the implementation of GIs
Mexico
2010
Assessment of specific and generic quality of Cotija cheese for specification and food
safety
Turkey
Formulation
Preservation and promotion of traditional cheese – Assessment for Gis
Guinea Bissau, Mali,
Senegal Sierra Leone
Thailand, Vietnam,
Cambodia, Laos
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Presentation of the project
in Croatia
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Background
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Regional seminar for Southeastern European countries,
Belgrade dec. 2008
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Importance of origin-linked products for rural development, and market
potential
Bottlenecks: value-chain and market access, guarantees systems, lack of
awareness and public-private governance
EBRD-FAO support to a pilot project in the area of GIs in
Croatia in collaboration with
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The public authorities: ministry of agriculture fisheries and rural
development
An economic partner, processing and selling a number of origin-linked
products in the region, Agrokor
Framework
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Objectives: support development of sustainable GIs in Croatia by
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enhancing the capacity of public actors in supporting GI development and
protection, and strengthening dialogue and cooperation with producers
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enhancing marketing organization and development of GI strategies along the
value chain and within the territory
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Supporting qualification of GI products
Framework:
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project launched in January 2011, 2 years
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National activities and 2 pilot cases
Team:
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FAO, EBRD
MAFRD
Agrokor
REDD association
Other national and international experts
National capacities and raising
awareness
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Trainings of national commission members and all involved
institutional stakeholders
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Identification of origin-linked products and assessment of GI
Protection and control of GIs
Coordination between sectors and levels and synergies between
programs
Elaboration of communication material to raise consumers
and producers awareness : leaflet, promotional video
Guidelines for implementation of GI at local level “Linking People
Products and Place”
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National conference at the end of the project
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Pilot cases
Baranya kulen
 “Qualification” : finalization of specification and control plan for
official recognition
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Building capacities of the GI association,
Training on basic requirements,
Study tour (Italy, Parma)
“Remuneration”: marketing and system of control
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Training of the GI association on marketing and plan of control
Training Handbook for Baranya kulen production
market study in European countries
participation in international fair
promotional leaflet
Pilot cases
Mandarin of Neretva
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“Identification” : specific quality linked to geographical origin and
mobilization
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Determination of specific properties of mandarin fruit by Agrokor
/University of Zagreb
Training and study tour (Italy)
Studies: consumer survey and assessment of production system
“Qualification”:
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Support to elaboration of specifications by producers in a participative
approach
Building capacity of GI association, training
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www. foodquality-origin.org
Thank you
Emilie Vandecandelaere
Food and Agriculture Organisation of UN
Service de la qualité des aliments et des normes alimentaires (AGND)
[email protected]
Tel: +39 06 570 56 210