Transcript Keanekaragaman Mikrobia - Gadjah Mada University

Domain Bakteria
• Dunia bakteria: 23 Phylum
Bakteria: koloni
Sel Bakteri: morfologi
Sela Bakteria : morfologi
Bacillus antharcis
Salmonella sp.
Sianobakteria
Borellia sp.
Bakteri: Actinomycetes
Sel bakteri: Actinomycetes
Streptomyces indonesiensis
Sel Bakteria: Tanpa organela
Struktur sel bakteri
Struktur sel bakteria
Struktur sel bakteria
• Tidak ada organela
• Kromosom tunggal (DNA sirkular) dalam
sitoplasma
Filogeni Archaea
Euryarchaeota
Haloverax
Methanospirillum
Methanobacterium
Crenarchaeota
Thermoplasma
Sulfolobus
Desulfurococcus
Thermoproteus
Thermofilum
Pyrodictium
Methanothermus
Archaeoglobus
Methanococcus vannielii
pSL 50
Methanococcus jannaschii
pJP 96
pSL 12
85/74
Marine SBAR5
pSL4
pSL22
Thermococcus
Methanopyrus
BACTERIA
pSL17
pJP 27
pJP 78
Kararchaeota
EUKARYOTES
Filogeni bakteria
BACTERIA
Deinococci
Proteobacteria
Gram positive
Green Nonsulfur Bacteria
Cyanobacteria
Chlamydiae
Thermotogales
Planctomyces
Aquificoles
Bacteroides and relatives
Green Sulfur Bacteria
ARCHAEA
And
EUKARYA
0.1 changes per nucleotide (nt)
Spirochetes
Bakteria: 23 Phylum
1 Aquificae
2.Thermotogae
3. Thermodesulfobacteria
4. Deinococcus-Thermus
5. Chrysiogenetes
6. Chloroflexi
7. Thermomicrobia
8. Nitrospira
Bakteria: 23 Phylum
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9. Deferribacteres
10. Cyanobacteria
11. Chlorobi
12. Proteobacteria
13. Firmicutes
14. Actinobacteria
15.Planctomycetes
16. Chlamydae
17. Spirochaetes
18. Fibrobacteres
19. Acidobacteria
20. Bacteroidetes
21. Fusobacteria
22. Verrucobacteria
23. Dictyoglomi
Phylum Actinobacteria
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Classis: Actinobacteria (5 subclassis)
1. Acidimicrobidae
2. Rubrobacteridae
3. Coriobacteridae
4. Sphaerobacteridae
5. Actinobacteridae (2 Ordo)
Subclassis Actinobacteridae
1. Ordo Actinomycetales ( 10 Sub-ordo):
• 1.1. Actinomycinea ( 1 Familia; 4 genera)
• 1.2. Micrococcineae (10 Familia)
• 1.3. Corynebacterineae (7 Familia)
• 1.4. Micromonosporineae (1 familia; 9 genera)
• 1.5. Propionibacterineae (2 Familia)
• 1.6. Pseudonocardineae (2 Familia)
• 1.7. Streptomycineae (1 Familia; 3 genera)
• 1.8. Streptosporangineae (3 Familia)
• 1.9. Frankineae (6 Familia0
• 1.10. Glycomycineae (1 Familia; 1 genus)
2. Ordo Bifidobacterales
Sub-ordo: Streptomycineae
• Familia:Streptomycetaceae
• Genus: Streptomyces
• Anggota spesies: sekitar 500
Krakterisitik Genus Streptomyces:
• Memiliki hifae vegetatif dan hifa aerial yang
menghasilkan rantai konidiospora yang
terdiri dari 3 - 50
Paraserianthes falcatharia
Homo sapiens
Selective isolation of Streptomycetes from the
rhizosphere of P. falcatharia.
Koloni pada Strach-casein
Koloni pada Raffinose-histidin
Koloni kultur murni
Rantai dan ornamen
spora
Streptomyces indonesiensis
DSM 41759T
Kode Strain (Acession Number)
• S. asiaticus (A14P1 = DSM 41761 =
NCIMB 13675)
• S. cangkringensis (D13P3 = DSM 41769 =
NCIMB 13684)
• S. indonesiensis (A4R2 = DSM 41759 =
NCIMB 13673)
• (Dapat dilihat di Website DSMZ CC)
Kode Strain (Acession Number)
• S. javensis (B22P3 = DSM 41764 =
NCIMB 13679)
• S. rhizosphaerius (A10P1 = DSM 41760 =
NCIMB 13674)
• S. yogyakartensis (C4R3 = DSM 41766 =
NCIMB 13681)
Acession Number 16S rDNA
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S. asiaticus DSM 41761T (AJ 391830)
S. cangkringensis DSM 41769T (AJ 391831)
S. indonesiensis DSM 41759 T(AJ 391835)
S. javensis DSM 41764T (AJ 391833)
S. rhizosphaerius DSM 41760T (AJ 391834)
S. yogyakartensis DSM 41766T (AJ 391827)
Publikasi
• Draf publikasi
• Kode Strain dari DSMZ dan NCIMB
• Accession number of 16S rDNA seq.
↓
Int. J. General & Mol. Microbiol. Antonie
van Leeuwenhoek
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Vol. 78 (3/4): 353 – 366 (Effective)
Validation
Valid Publication:
• International Journal of Systematic and
evolutionary Microbiology 51: 1619-1620
(2001)
↓
Approved List of Bacterial Name
Bahan bioaktif: Antitumor
Antitumor
Producer
Daunorubicin
Streptomyces peuceticus
Actinomycin
S. antibioticus
Mitomycin
S. caespitosus
Bleomycin
S. verticillus
Rapamycin
S. indonesiensis-group
Bahan bioaktif: Antibiotic
Antibiotic
Producer
Erythromycin
Streptomyces erythreus
Chloramphenicol
S. venezuellae
Rifampicin
S. mediterranei
Novobiocin
S. spheroides
Streptomycin
S. griseus
Tetracyclin
S. aureofciens
Bahan bioaktif: Antifungal
Antifungal
Producer
Cycloheximide
Streptomyces griseus
Nystatin
S. noursei
Griseofulvin
S. griseofulvum
Amphotericin B
S. nodosus
Antihelminth
Producer
Ivermectin
S. avermitoles
Life cycle
Morfology hifa
Koloni
Morfologi rantai spora
SEM of spore chain
Pigmen streptomyces
Research Poster
Research Poster
Genus Aquifex
Aquifex aerolicus
Aquifex pyrophylus
Genus Thermotoga
Habitat Thermotoga
Thermotoga maritima
3. Phylum: Thermodesulfobacteria
• Thermodesulfobacterium
• Thermodesulfatator
Thermodesulfobacterium hydrogeniphilim
4. Phylum Deinococcus-Thermus
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Deinococcus
Thermus
Marinithermus
Meiothermus
Oceanithermus
Vulcanithermus
Thermus aquaticus
6. Phylum Chloroflexi
(green nonsulfur bacteria)
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Chloroflexus
Chloronema
Heliothrix
Roseiflexus
Oscillochloris
Herpetosiphon
Anaerolinea
Caldilinea
Chloroflexus
7. Phylum Thermomicrobia
• Thermomicrobium roseum
• Thermomicrobium fosteri
Thermomicroboim sp.
8. Phylum Nitrospira
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Nitrospira
Leptospirillum
Magnetobacterium
Thermodesulfovibrio
Habitat
Leptospirillum ferrooxidans
Cyanobacteria
Oscilatoria sp.
Nostoc sp.
Spirulina sp.
Anabaena sp.
Bacillus thuringiensis
Toksisitas Bt
Mekanisme kerja toksin BT
17. Phylum Spirochaetes
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Spirochaetes
Borrelia
Brachyspira
Brevinema
Clevelandina
Cristispira
Diplocalyx
Hollandina
Leptonema
Leptospira
Pillotina
Serpulina
Spirochaeta
Treponema
Leptospira
20. Phylum Bacteroidetes
• Bacteroides:
Bacteroides fragilis
21. Phylum Fusobacteria
Fusobacterium nucleatum
22. Phylum Verrucomicrobia
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Opitutus
Prosthecobacter
Verrucomicrobium
Victivallis
Xiphinematobacter
Prosthecobacter fusiformis