Transcript Module B Introduction

Chapter 2: Basics of Injury
Prevention and Crash Dynamics
Chapter Objectives
• Describe significance of motor vehicle crash injuries
• Explain the CPS and injury prevention connection
• Explain the concept of crash forces
• Name the types of crashes
• Describe five ways that restraints prevent injury
• Explain why people will not survive all crashes
• Discuss common myths about why people don’t
buckle up
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National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
Injury Prevention
“If a disease were killing our children at the
rate unintentional injuries are, the public
would be outraged and demand that this
killer be stopped.”
C. Everett Koop, M.D., Sc.D., former US Surgeon
General
Our goal is to reduce the risk of injury
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National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
Injury Prevention
•Parents should be a role model: Kids will do
what adults do
•Children depend on adults for protection in
and around vehicles
▪ Buckle up
▪ Drive responsibly
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National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
Fatalities ...
• Are just the tip of the
iceberg
• Many more injuries
occur than deaths every
year
• Some injuries have lifelong effects and can be
very costly
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National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
What Are the Challenges to
Crash Survival?
Restraint use
decreases as children
get older
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National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
What Are the Challenges to
Crash Survival?
1.
2.
3.
4.
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Nonuse
Misuse
Outdated or incorrect educational materials
Changing behavior
National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
Activity 1: How Do You Prevent
an Injury From Becoming More
Serious
•There are factors that can be taken into
account before, during, and after a
crash to minimize or prevent injuries
from occurring.
•Examples
▪ Road conditions—Before the crash
▪ Seat belt use—During the crash
▪ EMS Response Time—After the crash
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National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
Newton’s Law of Motion
• An object in motion
continues in motion at
the original speed until it
connects with an outside
force.
• The outside force…
▪ Can be harmful (e.g., the
steering wheel, windshield,
pavement, etc.)
▪ Can be designed to protect
(e.g., seat belt or CRS)
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Video
Courtesy Insurance Institute for Highway Safety
National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
Three Collisions in a Crash
1st: Vehicle collision
2nd: Human collision
3rd: Internal collision
1st
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2nd
3rd
National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
Explaining Crash Forces
Weight X Speed
= Restraining
Force
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National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
Types of Crashes
•Different types of collisions pose
different risks to vehicle occupants
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National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
Frontal Impact
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National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
Side Impact
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National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
Rear Impact
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National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
Rollovers
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National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
Non-Collisions and Other
Events
•Non-collisions = spins, skids, swerves,
emergency braking
•Common causes of occupant injuries:
▪ Thrown out of windows or doors
▪ Collided with other occupants
▪ Struck vehicle interior
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National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
Five Ways Restraints Prevent
Injury
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Keep people in the vehicle
Contact the strongest parts of the body
Spread forces over a wide area of the body
Help the body to slow down
Protect the brain and spinal cord
National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
You Can’t Survive Every Crash
•Some crashes are so violent that even
properly restrained occupants are injured or
killed
•Many factors determine injury outcome (size,
weight, and speed)
•Seat belts and air bags or a CR =
The Best Chance of Survival
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National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
Common Myths
Discuss myths found in your workbook
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National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)
Chapter Review
•How do you calculate crash forces?
•What is the most common type of
collision?
•What are the 5 ways restraints help
prevent or reduce injuries?
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National CPS Certification Training - April 2007 (R1010)