Transcript AHON Chapter 22 Section 2 Lecture Notes

Chapter
22 Section 2
Objectives
• Identify the causes and effects of the Eighteenth
Amendment.
• Explain how the Nineteenth Amendment
changed the role of women in society.
• Describe how the automobile, radio, and movies
changed American culture.
• Explain why tension and unrest lay beneath the
surface during the 1920s.
Changes in American Society
Chapter
22 Section 2
Terms and People
• prohibition – a total ban on alcoholic drinks
• bootlegger – liquor smugglers
• speakeasy – illegal taverns that served liquor
Changes in American Society
Chapter
22 Section 2
How did social change and conflict
mark the 1920s?
The political changes of the 1920s were
accompanied by far-reaching social changes.
Women
gained
voting
rights.
Alcohol was
made
illegal for a
decade.
Changes in American Society
America
developed
a new mass
culture.
Chapter
22 Section 2
In 1919, the Eighteenth Amendment made it illegal to
make, sell, or transport alcohol.
This began a period of time known as Prohibition.
Conserve
grains used to
make alcohol.
Reasons for Prohibition
Changes in American Society
Reduce
drunkenness
and family
violence.
Chapter
22 Section 2
Prohibition had several effects on American society.
Saloons shut
down.
Arrests for
drunkenness
declined.
People
consumed
less alcohol.
Changes in American Society
Chapter
22 Section 2
Prohibition failed because it could not be enforced.
Bootleggers made
huge profits smuggling
liquor from Canada
and the Caribbean.
Every large town
had speakeasies
where illegal liquor
was served.
This caused a rise in organized crime.
In 1933, the Twenty-first Amendment repealed
Prohibition.
Changes in American Society
Chapter
22 Section 2
Women gained new
rights in the 1920s.
However, they still
lacked full equality.
In 1920, the
Nineteenth
Amendment gave
women voting rights.
Women were still
barred from many
universities and from
serving on juries.
Women joined
political parties and
were elected to
offices.
Married women
were not allowed
to keep their
earnings.
Changes in American Society
Chapter
22 Section 2
Many younger women in the 1920s shocked the
older generation.
These “flappers” did not
seem interested in
women’s rights.
Their attitude and style
came to symbolize
women in the 1920s.
Changes in American Society
Chapter
22 Section 2
Three inventions in the 1920s led to the
emergence of a new mass culture.
Automobiles
Commercial
Radio
Movies
Changes in American Society
Chapter
22 Section 2
The automobile greatly changed American life.
• Families could easily
move to suburbs.
• Rural residents
became less isolated.
• New businesses were
opened by highways.
• Americans began to
travel more.
Automobiles symbolized freedom and independence.
Changes in American Society
Chapter
22 Section 2
Radio and movies revolutionized entertainment in
the 1920s.
Almost any family
could afford a
radio.
People nationwide
listened to the
same music, news,
sports, and radio
dramas.
Changes in American Society
Chapter
22 Section 2
Many Americans went to the movies weekly.
Movies provided an escape, and action films and
comedies were very popular.
Movie fans began to worship celebrities.
Changes in American Society
Chapter
22 Section 2
Some Americans feared that rapid social
changes would destroy their way of life.
This fear was reflected in the Scopes Trial of 1925.
High school
teacher John
Scopes taught
evolution.
Changes in American Society
This violated
Tennessee law.
Scopes was put
on trial.
Chapter
22 Section 2
The trial encapsulated the conflict between
modern, urban Americans and traditional, rural
Americans.
William Jennings
Bryan, a threetime presidential
candidate,
prosecuted
Scopes.
Clarence Darrow,
a famous Chicago
lawyer, defended
Scopes.
Scopes lost his job. Laws against teaching evolution
remained but were rarely enforced.
Changes in American Society
Chapter
22 Section 2
Fear of social change also caused racial
tensions.
Many African Americans
served in World War I.
They hoped to gain
equality in America.
Many moved to northern
cities. This was called
the Great Migration.
Changes in American Society
Violent race
riots broke
out in several
cities.
Great
Migration
Chapter
22 Section 2
Organizations formed in response to the rising racial
tensions.
Marcus Garvey formed
the Universal Negro
Improvement
Association (UNIA).
The Ku Klux Klan
scorned blacks,
immigrants, Catholics,
and Jews.
UNIA promoted black
pride and unity.
Several scandals in the
late 1920s caused the
Klan to lose support.
Changes in American Society
Chapter
22 Section 2
Section Review
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