Transcript Document

International Helicopter Safety Team
Overview Briefing
Mark Liptak
FAA Aviation Data and Analysis Services,
ASA-100
IHST Program Director
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
1
Today’s Objectives
• Discuss the case for change in helicopter safety
• Provide an overview of how the IHST is developing
safety improvements from accidents analyses
• Provide IHST program status of both
domestically and internationally
• Present top level analysis findings from the US
fleet accident data set.
• Discuss the challenges of reaching small operators
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
2
Worldwide Helicopter Accidents per Year
1991 to 2005
700
Accident Count
600
500
400
300
200
100
US Military
US Civil
05
04
03
02
01
00
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
0
Year
Non US Civil and Military
We have a problem!
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
3
Worldwide Helicopter Fleet Distribution
33598 aircraft
Brazil 1050 3%
IHST Partner
Australasia 1957 6%
Kick-off cpt
Canada 1887 6%
CIS 2000 6%
United States 14269 43%
Europe 6860 20%
GCC 250 1%
South Africa 577 2%
Others 3469 10%
Outreach efforts
continue, seeking
partnerships in the Mid
and Far East, CIS,
Mexico and S. Africa
Japan 786 2%
India 150 0.4%
Mexico 343 1%
updated Jan ‘09
Global outreach key to success
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
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Recent Accident Counts by Region
IHST
500
450
400
Accidents
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
2001
North America
2002
Europe
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
2003
Asia
2004
Oceania
2005
South America
2006
Africa
2007
2008
Central America
5
9
Pressurized Aircraft into fleet (L-049, DC-6 & B-377)
Earliest ILS (Glide slope, LOC & markers)
8
Broad implementation of VOR and DME
Radar introduced at selected towers
Vickers-700 Turboprop (1953 in UK, 1956 US)
DC-7 (1955), Lockheed Electra ATC centers RADAR
and radio contact with cruise aircraft 1949-55
7
6
Long-Range radar (Centers)
Jet Engine; 707 (1958) & DC-8
VOR/DME integrated into autopilot
(precision approaches)
Secondary radar
5
4
RNAV (processing VOR/DME &
basic Instruments)
GPWS, TCAS; Early automation
3
FMS
CRM & 6-Axis Simulator & FDR
Windshear
Cabin Safety
FOQA/ASAP & ATC Data
RJ Revolution
New Large Jets
Cooperative safety
agenda
2
1
'02
98
94
90
86
82
78
74
70
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
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62
58
54
50
0
46
Major Fatal Accidents Per Million Departures
Factors That Led To Breakthroughs in
Major Fatal Accident Rates Since 1946
6
Factors That Will Lead To Breakthroughs in
Helicopter Accident Rates Since 2005
Helicopter Accidents per Exposure
IHST Formed
Introduction of a
scalable SMS tool ?
Create partnerships with insurers
Widespread use of safety
accreditation programs ?
Cockpit imaging
systems ?
?
'
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
2011 2012 2013 2014
2015 2016
7
Progressing Toward the 80% Goal
US Fleet Data
10
Trend projection if no action taken
Start – 9.1
Per 100K hours
9
~760
Accidents Avoided
~372
Fatalities/Serious
Injuries Avoided
US Accident Rate per 100,000 flight hours
8
7
6
source: Bell Worldwide Database
5
4
3
2
Goal – 1.8
Per 100K hours
1
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2001-2005
avg
0
Year
8
Progressing Toward the 80% Goal
Worldwide Fleet Data
Start – 9.5
10
Trend projection if no action taken
Per 100K hours
~1694
Accidents Avoided
~1132
Fatalities/Serious
Injuries Avoided
Worldwide Accident Rate per 100,000 flight hours
9
8
7
6
source: Bell Worldwide Database
5
4
3
2
Goal – 1.9
Per 100K hours
1
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2001-2005
avg
0
Year
9
IHST is following a proven model
IHST (CAST)
Charters Activity
JHSAT (JSAT)
Analyzes Data
Proposes most
effective interventions
JHSIT (JSIT)
Assesses feasibility of
interventions
works implementation
Continued data analysis,
measure intervention
effectiveness (JIMDAT)
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
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This is a worldwide effort
All IHST participants use a process adapted from CAST.
Key attributes:
All recommendations directly rooted in accident data.
Regional ownership - Data is owned and analyzed by those
most familiar with it. Safety recommendations are
implemented by teams most familiar with local needs and
challenges.
JHSAT and JHSIT lead teams responsible for training/coaching
regional teams, measuring the results of the safety
recommendations and implementation effectiveness.
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
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US JHSAT
JHSIT Stakeholders
U.S.
Safety and
Coordination
Program
Government
Industry
U.S. Safety Coordination Program
AHS
HAI
Bell
Sikorsky
Government
International Helicopter
Industry
Eurocopter
Safety Team
JHSAT
Turbomeca
AHS
(IHST)
Rolls Royce
HAI
AHS
GE
Bell
HAI
Schweizer
Sikorsky
Bell
Operators
Eurocopter Sikorsky
International
Helicopter FAA
Joint
JointHelicopter
Safety
Boeing
• Aircraft Certification
Turbomeca Eurocopter
ALEA
Safety
SafetyAnalysis
Team
Analysis
Teams
JHSIT
NASA
Rolls Royce Turbomeca
Pratt Whitney
CHC
Team
(JHSAT)
(IHST)
(JHSAT)
Schweizer Rolls Royce
HAC
GE
Bristow
Eurocopter
Air Methods Schweizer
Sikorsky
Operators
Silver State Helo LLC
FAA
PHI
Joint
Safety
Boeing
Joint Helicopter
• Aircraft Certification
NASA
Bristow
ALEA
Analysis
Teams
NASA
FAA
Safety
Implementation
Arkansas Child Hosp
Pratt Whitney
(JHSAT)
Team
(JHSIT)
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
AELA
ALEA
Silver State Helo LLC
Life Flight Maine
Bell
FAA
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IHST Organization Chart
Executive Committee
Government Co- Chair
Industry Co- Chair
FAA – Dennis Pratte
HAI – Matt Zuccaro
Secretariat
Program Director
AHS – M. Rhett Flater
FAA – Mark Liptak
Director
Director
Bell Helicopter – Somen Chowdhury
EHEST– Jean-Pierre Dedieu
Director
Director
Shell Aircraft – Robert Sheffield
NASA – Dr. Amy Pritchett
Director
Director
HAC – Fred Jones
EHA Representative – TBD
JHSAT Co-Chairs
JHSIT Co-Chairs
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
Regional Partners - Europe, Brazil, India, Australia, Canada, US
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IHST Safety Initiative
Analysis, Implementation and Metrics Functional Structure
IHST
Executive
Committee
Recommendations Implemented
Accident Analyses
Performance
Metrics
JHSAT
Co-Chairs
JHSIT
Co-Chairs
Refinement
Standardization
Canada
JHSAT
India
JHSAT
EHSAT
Brazil
JHSAT
US
JHSAT
Others
JHSAT Accident Analysis
Recommendations
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
Accident Analysis
Recommendations
turned into
Implementation Actions
Canada
JHSIT
India
JHSIT
EHSIT
Brazil
JHSIT
US
JHSIT
Others
JHSIT
Implementation
Actions
14
2006
US
Europe
1 2
1
2008
2007
IHSS
Excom
Formed Formed
3
5
2
6
2010
4
TBD
5
4
1
2 3
1
1
2
2
8
7
3
Brazil
Australia
2009
Program staffing, sales, marketing, management, communications, international outreach
Canada
India
Today
IHST Program - Regional Process Tracking
4
3
6
8
Metrics
6 7 8
4
5
6
3
4
7
8
Metrics
5 6 7 8
2 3
4 5 6 7 8
E
1
E
Far East
CIS
7
5
1
Mid East
Metrics
E
2 3
4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8
4 JHSAT Report Complete 7 JHSIT SEs complete
Key: 1 Regional Kickoff Meeting
2 JHSAT Team Formed
5 JHSIT Formed
8 JHSIT DIPs complete
3 Accident Dataset Established6 JHSIT Process Refined
E Regional “exploratory” mtg
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Why do we think our process will work?
Three Examples:
Commercial Aviation
OGP/Shell Aircraft
ALEA
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
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Large Transport Ops Rate Improvements
Pressurized Aircraft into fleet (L-049, DC-6 & B377) Earliest ILS (Glide slope, LOC & markers)
8
Broad implementation of VOR and DME
Radar introduced at selected towers
Vickers-700 Turboprop (1953 in UK, 1956 US)
DC-7 (1955), Lockheed Electra ATC centers RADAR
and radio contact with cruise aircraft 1949-55
7
6
Long-Range radar (Centers)
Jet Engine; 707 (1958) & DC-8
VOR/DME integrated into autopilot
(precision approaches)
Secondary radar
5
4
RNAV (processing VOR/DME &
basic Instruments)
GPWS, TCAS; Early automation
3
FMS
CRM & 6-Axis Simulator & FDR
Windshear
Cabin Safety
FOQA/ASAP & ATC Data
RJ Revolution
New Large Jets
Cooperative safety
agenda
2
1
'02
98
94
90
86
82
78
74
70
66
62
58
54
50
0
46
Major Fatal Accidents Per Million Departures
Factors That Led To Breakthroughs in
Major Fatal Accident Rates Since 1946
9
Source: cast.org
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
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Source: R. Sheffield, Shell Aircraft
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
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Airborne Law Enforcement Association Education
Programs
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Began SMS training 2000
Accreditation Standards adopted 2005
Adopted IHST SMS Toolkit 2007
480 people/year attend Regional Safety Seminars
220 attended pre-conference courses in 2007
1,100 people attend Annual Conference
Total membership – 3,600
Reduced accidents by 75% (21-6) from 1999-2007 by
adoption of SMS methods
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A look at some of the IHST’s work in the US
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US Accident Analysis Overview:
197 accidents analyzed; covered a wide spectrum of
helicopter operations – 15 basic mission types identified.
1200+ scored problem statements/intervention findings
developed
US JHSAT refined the problem statement/intervention
findings into:
7 foundational recommendation areas for the US fleet
125 specific recommendations for 15 mission types
2001 analysis almost complete, 174 additional accidents
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
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Ranked US Fleetwide Recommendations
1. Safety Management
2. Training
3. Systems and Equipment
4. Information
5. Maintenance
6. Regulatory Recommendations
7. Infrastructure
Detailed problem/solution info for 15 missions also developed
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
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Missions: 2000 vs 2001
# 2000
# 2001
US Fleet– CY2000 Data
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
# 2000
# 2001
Aerial
appl
Aerial
obs
28
18
10
6
Air
Biz
Comm
Tours owned Ops
10
9
9
10
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
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14
ENG
EMS
Extern
al load
Fire
fight
4
2
12
14
7
4
6
6
Law
Ins/Tra
Loggin Offsho Pers/p
enforc
Util ptrl
in
g
re
vt
e
37
29
13
10
5
4
9
7
27
38
4
3
23
t
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/A
ct
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ty
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ie
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Sa
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&
In
Eq
fr
Pe
as
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rs
tr
on
uc
ne
tu
lre
no
nC
re
w
Pi
lo
Number
Accidents in which Problem Category was
Cited at least Once
180
160
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
2000
2001
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
24
NTSB Phase of Flight-2000 vs 2001
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
%2000
10%
%2001
8%
6%
4%
2%
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
c
is
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es
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nt
Ap
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pr
er
oa
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St
an
di
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G
ro
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0%
25
Light Conditions x IMC/VMC
VMC
Night/Dark
IMC
Night/Bright
Night
Dusk>Dawn
Daylight
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Number
2001 accident data
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
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Intervention Categories (2000 vs 2001)
% of Interventions ID'ed
35.0
30.0
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
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Detailed US JHSAT data available at ihst.org
year 2000 report issued
year 2001 report to be issued September 2009
year 2006 accident data “on deck” for analysis
All findings passed to US JHSIT for implemtation
plan development
All recommendations and actions based on accident data
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
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Implementing Change – Remaining Process Driven
Implementation actions are driven by accident data and are
based on the recommendations of the JHSAT team
Actions are prioritized for potential impact
Each action is assessed for safety impact and ROI
A “Safety Enhancement” (SE) plan is established for each action
The Excom reviews and if appropriate, approves each SE
Approved SEs are further augmented by a “Detailed
Implementation Plan” (DIP)
SE/DIP effectiveness metrics used to ensure actions
working as intended
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
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HAI Member
Demographic
Identifying
the target
audience
300
250
Number of Members
200
150
100
HAI Survey Data
50
0
Number of Rororcraft Owned
The IHST challenge – reaching small and medium sized operators
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
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Pathways to Influence Change
Trainers
ABC
Groups
Maintainers
Industry
Pubs
FSDO
Insurance
Accreditation
Progs
1 to 5 ship operators
We need to find high leverage means to influence the small ops community
CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
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Conclusions:
We have a problem – Unanimity in the worldwide helicopter
community; long term accident trends are unacceptable.
We know how to fix it – Using a data driven, stakeholder
consensus process we’ve identified the drivers behind
helicopter accidents. Implementation of SMS, training,
information and maintenance enhancements are the
top priority targets. Effectiveness measures will be used.
We can’t do it alone – Any entity with accident data willing to
use the IHST analysis and implementation process is a viable
candidate to join this worldwide initiative.
ihst.org
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CHC Safety Summit – Mar/Apr 2009
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