Transcript Summary Slide - -- UNEP - Division of Technology, Industry

Focus on: the Basel Convention
Control of trans-boundary
movements of hazardous waste and
their disposal
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Using Cleaner Production to
facilitate implementation of the
Basel Convention
Activities for National Cleaner
Production Centres
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Basel Convention - Overview
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A global legal instrument on the control and the management
of hazardous wastes
Adopted: 1989; Entered into force: 1992
Status of participation:147 Parties
Affiliated instruments:
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Amendment on the Control of Transboundary Movements of
Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal
Basel Protocol on Liability and Compensation for Damage Resulting
from Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their
Disposal
The Basel Ministerial Declaration on Environmentally Sound
Management of Hazardous Wastes
The Convention requires environmentally sound management for ALL wastes
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Affiliated Instruments - Detail
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Amendment on the Control of Transboundary Movements of
Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal
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Basel Protocol on Liability and Compensation for Damage
Resulting from Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes
and their Disposal
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Objective: to ban exports of hazardous wastes for final disposal, recovery,
or recycling from developed countries to developing countries.
(Amendment not yet in force)
Objective: to provide for a comprehensive regime for liability as well as
adequate and prompt compensation for damage resulting from the
transboundary movement of hazardous wastes and other wastes, including
incidents occurring because of illegal traffic in those wastes (Not yet in
force)
The Basel Ministerial Declaration on Environmentally Sound
Management of Hazardous Wastes
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Definitions
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Waste is hazardous if it exhibits the following characteristics:
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toxic, poisonous, explosive, corrosive, flammable, eco-toxic, and infectious, or if
waste is considered hazardous by the national legislation of the Party of the
Convention
Waste classification is provided for in Annex I and II of the Convention:
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Annex I: wastes subject to control are classified into two general categories:
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18 waste streams (clinical wastes, waste mineral oil, etc.)
27 wastes having as constituents certain enumerated substances (copper
compounds, arsenic, organic cyanides, etc.).
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Annex II: lists two categories of "other wastes” requiring special
consideration - wastes collected from households and residues arising from
incineration of household wastes.
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Annex III: contains the hazard classes for the wastes listed in Annex I.
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Goal and objectives
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Overall goal: To protect, by strict control, human health and
the environment against the adverse effects that may result
from the generation, transboundary movement and
management of hazardous and other wastes.
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Further objectives:
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to reduce trans-boundary movements of hazardous wastes to a minimum
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to dispose of these wastes as close as possible to where they are generated
(proximity principle)
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to minimise their generation (prevention at source principle)
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to ensure their environmentally sound management
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to assist developing countries in environmentally sound management of
hazardous and other wastes they generate
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Implementation actors
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Conference of Parties: Main governing and decision-making body.
Meetings are held every other year. COP-6 held in May 2002
Expanded Bureau: Provides general policy and general operational
directions to the Secretariat between meetings of the COP
Working Group for the Implementation of the Basel Convention:
Facilitates the implementation of the Convention and prepares work
for consideration of the COP. Meets between the meetings of the COP
Technical Working Group (TWG): Prepares technical guidelines,
develops criteria on hazard characteristics of hazardous wastes,
provides guidance on technical matters to the COP
Legal Working Group (LWG): Studies the issues related to the
establishment of a mechanism for monitoring the implementation of
and compliance with the Convention, the establishment of an
emergency fund, and prevention and monitoring of illegal traffic in
hazardous wastes.
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Implementation actors (contd.)
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The Secretariat: Cooperates with national authorities in developing national
legislation, setting up inventories of hazardous wastes, strengthening national
institutions, assessing the hazardous waste management situation, and
preparing hazardous waste management plans and policy tools. Provides
legal and technical advice to countries
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The Committee on Partnership with industry: Will advise on the development
of the strategy on co-operation with industry in priority waste streams
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Actors on national and regional levels:
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Competent Authority: Designated by a Party, responsible for receiving the
notifications of a transboundary movements of wastes
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The Focal Point: An entity responsible for receiving and transmitting information as
required by the Convention to and from the COP
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Regional and Sub-Regional Training Centres: Provide guidance on technical and
technological issues as well as advice on enforcement aspects of the Convention,
encourage the introduction of cleaner production technologies and the use of
environmentally sound waste management practices.
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Compliance and enforcement mechanisms
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Control the movement of hazardous waste
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National reporting of hazardous wastes
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Source of technical assistance
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Training and technology transfer
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Financial assistance:
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Trust Fund of the Basel Convention (BC), the Technical
Co-operation Trust Fund (BD), the Basel Declaration
Trust Fund
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Cleaner Production in the Basel Convention
The preamble:
“The most effective way of protecting human health and environment is the reduction of
their (hazardous wastes) generation to a minimum in terms of quantity and/or hazard
potential.”
Obligations (Article 4):
“ensure that the generation of hazardous wastes and other wastes is reduced to a minimum,
taking into account social, technological and economic aspects.”
International co-operation (Article 10) :
Co-operate in developing of environmentally sound technologies with a view to eliminating
the generation of wastes.
Capacity building:
The Secretariat is to assist Parties in waste minimisation efforts. (Article 16).
Regional Training Centres are to promote waste minimisation and cleaner production in
developing countries (Article 14).
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Next step
“Our next step is not only to block the export of
hazardous waste, but also to change the
production forces that are linked with their
generation because we have to consider that
developing countries are also undergoing
industrial growth and are themselves producing
hazardous waste”.
UNEP Executive Director, Klaus Toepfer
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Cleaner Production: Renewed Attention
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Basel Ministerial Declaration on Environmentally Sound Management
(ESM) of Hazardous Wastes - 1999
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Reaffirms the prevention and minimisation of wastes generation, and the active
promotion of the transfer and use of cleaner technologies as the Convention’s
fundamental goals. It calls for:
“elaboration of a concept and a programme for the environmentally sound
management of hazardous and other wastes, with an emphasis on waste prevention
and minimisation”
Draft Strategic Plan for the Basel Convention - 2001
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New Mission Statement:
‘to protect human health and the environmental from the harmful effects of hazardous
wastes by promoting the environmentally sound management of such wastes through
effective partnership and awareness-rising”
Vision:
The Basel Convention is leading in promoting the life cycle management approach for
the environmentally sound management of hazardous wastes and their effective
reduction in transboundary movements of hazardous wastes.
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Potential Activities for CP Centres
to facilitate implementation of
the Stockholm Convention
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The Basel Convention
Priorities of the next decade
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Partnerships to increase co-operation and strategic alliances
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Environmentally sound management and active promotion and
use of cleaner technologies and production methods
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Further reduction of the movement of hazardous and other
wastes
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Prevention and monitoring of illegal traffic
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Improvement of institutional and technical capabilities - through
technology when appropriate - especially for developing
countries and countries with economies in transition
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Further development of regional and subregional centres for
training and technology transfer
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Partnerships:
Increased co-operation and strategic alliances
Cleaner Production practitioners can:
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promote UNEP Cleaner Production Declaration as a
way to strengthen commitments
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help create links from the Convention to private sector
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invite the Basel Convention implementation actors to
participate in the existing Cleaner Production
partnerships
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assist in creating multi-stakeholder dialogues
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Environmentally sound management (ESM)
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“...taking of all practicable steps to ensure that hazardous
wastes or other wastes are managed in a manner, which
will protect human health and the environment against
the adverse effects, which may result from such wastes.”
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Key principles: Prevention and minimisation of generation of wastes
Requires capacity building, policy reforms and promotion and use of
cleaner technologies and production methods.
Priority waste streams:
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Used lead-acid batteries
used oils
metal wastes
pesticide wastes
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Capacity building and ESM
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Cleaner Production practitioners can:
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Promote existing relevant Cleaner Production guidelines and
manuals for tackling priority waste streams. Develop new
materials tailored to the needs of the Convention
Offer knowledge of the information sources on ESM for the
relevant waste streams
Conduct demonstration projects for ESM in your countries in
the priority waste generating sectors
Conduct training on ESM tailored to local conditions
Provide technical assistance services
Provide policy advice and lobby for Cleaner Production
policies and legislation in your country
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NCPC Technical Assistance: Case Study
Lead-Acid Batteries in Central America and Caribbean
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AIM
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bridge the information gap that national authorities
and industry have for the recycling and
management of used batteries regarding:
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appropriate policy tools
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use of economic instruments
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national and regional approaches toward waste
minimisation
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use of technically sound and socially acceptable
technologies and practices
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NCPC Technical Assistance: Case Study
Lead-Acid Batteries in Central America and Caribbean
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NCPC Activities (Bogota, San Jose, San Salvador, Mexico):
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Plant assessments and field visits
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Collection of information on annual scrap generation, scrap battery
collection and recycling schemes and recycling facilities, as well as their
environmental and occupational performance
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Assessment of the requirements for implementing ESM, recommendations
for waste prevention at national and sub-regional level
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Conducting the regional workshops on battery recycling
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Evaluation of technically sound, economically affordable and socially
acceptable technologies in relation to the specific situation
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Facilitation of the access to these technologies and providing continuous
technical assistance to the involved enterprises
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Identification of opportunities for regional co-operation, including publicprivate partnerships
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Regional Training Centres and NCPCs
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RTCs focus on specific for the Convention services and
operate on regional level
high potential for co-operation even though NCPCs and
RTCs have different geographical and service scope
NCPCs can implement some of the RTC mandate on local
level
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Regional Training Centres and NCPCs
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High Potential for Cooperation between NCPCs and RTCs
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Training courses, workshops, seminars, training the trainers on
ESM and minimisation of generation of hazardous wastes.
Collecting information new or proven environmentally sound
technologies and know-how on ESM and disseminating these info
to the Parties of the Region; strengthening transfer mechanisms
Developing financial strategies for the operation of centres
Establishing and maintaining regular exchange of information
and networking among the parties relevant to Basel Convention
provisions
Promoting case studies and pilot projects demonstrating best
approaches, practices and methodologies for the environmentally
sound management and minimisation of wastes
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Regional Training Centres and NCPCs
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Medium Potential for Cooperation between NCPCs
and RTCs
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Scientific, technical and legal assistance to the
Parties on matters relevant to ESM or minimisation
of wastes
Gathering, assessing and disseminating data on
hazardous wastes and other wastes to Parties of the
Region and the Secretariat
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Explore opportunities
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What are your country’s obligations under the
Convention?
What are your nation’s priority waste streams and
industry sectors?
What kind of expertise/services do you have to
offer in regard to your country’s implementation
priorities?
What kind of necessary expertise/services you can
obtain from the NCPC network?
What kind of financial assistance can your country
qualify for in order to implement projects under
the Convention?
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Information sources
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Basel Convention website: www.basel.int
UNEP DTIE
The Basel Convention Secretariat
National focal points and designated
authorities in your country
RTC in your region
Ministry of Environment
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Develop action plan
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Collect information
Define competitive advantages
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Organise meetings/seminars/workshops
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co-ordinate with the Convention implementation bodies to exchange
information and experiences
Develop joint projects and training programs
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experience of work in the priority sectors, existence of developed
methodologies for addressing the priority waste streams, successful
training initiatives, trust of the main industry actors,etc.
relate to national priorities under the Convention
Explore funding opportunities
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obtain financing
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