Transcript Document
Chapter 2 Basic House Designs Objectives • Identify four basic house designs. • Explain the advantages of each house design. • Recognize the disadvantages of each house design. • Explain the variations of split-level designs. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. Introduction • Four basic home designs: – – – – One-story One-and-one-half-story Two-story Split-level • Each style has strengths and weaknesses © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. Introduction • Factors that play a role in choosing basic design: – – – – – Site requirements Climate Environmental impact Surroundings Client’s personal preference, budget, and needs © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. One-Story Designs • All living space on one level • Built on a full basement, crawl space, or slab construction © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. One-Story Designs © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. One-Story Designs • Advantages: – – – – – Living space on one level In houses with no basement, no stairs Lends itself to expansion and remodeling Short walls allow for easy exterior maintenance Provides opportunities for indoor-outdoor living © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. One-Story Designs • Outdoor space enhances living area of home and allows for casual entertaining. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. One-Story Designs • Disadvantages – Building costs per square foot usually higher than other designs – House has a larger footprint than other designs, requiring a larger lot – More hallway space required to access rooms – Longer distances from HVAC systems may make heating and cooling difficult © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. One-Story Designs • Styles – Ranch has low-pitched roof, wide overhangs – Shotgun house has long rectangular floor plan with rooms in line with and directly connected from front to back of house © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. Green Architecture • Containerized housing – Made from intermodal steel building units (ISBU) that create their own protective layer of rust – Exteriors can be covered with more traditional finishes such as stucco or siding – Each container is structurally independent but the units fit together for construction – Containers are “green” because they are made of sustainable and reusable materials © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. One-and-One-Half-Story Designs • One-story with tall, wide roof to allow expansion into attic • Identifying features include dormer, windows and vents in gables, and angular second–level ceilings • Amount of habitable space in attic determined by width and height of house © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. One-and-One-Half-Story Designs • The traditional Cape Cod is the most recognizable one-and-one-half story style. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. One-and-One-Half-Story Designs • Advantages: – Smaller footprint than one-story with same square footage – Design is adaptable – Attic can be finished later, deferring cost of expansion © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. One-and-One-Half-Story Designs • Disadvantages: – Additional building costs result from dormers, stairs, and complicated roof – Stairs decrease accessibility – Low ceilings and limited window space on second level – Building height makes outside maintenance difficult © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. Two-Story Designs • Two full levels of living space • Smaller footprint with same square footage as a one- or one-and-one-half story design • Electrical, plumbing, heating, and cooling components shared between levels • Air space in attic eases heating and cooling costs • Adaptable to many architectural styles © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. Two-Story Designs • Exterior maintenance is challenging and costly • Stairs decrease accessibility for some people © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. Split-Level Designs • Multiple levels • Developed for sloping or hilly lots • Merges architecture with land to be visually pleasing and balanced • Separates sleeping, living, and recreation areas on different levels • Little or no hall space needed © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. Split-Level Designs • Disadvantages: – Heating and cooling design is critical; zoned systems solve problems – Accessibility to all levels is hindered by stairs; installing stair lifts or elevators is cost prohibitive © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. Split-Level Designs • Four-level split design levels include a basement, intermediate level, living level, and sleeping level • Alternatives to regular basement are daylight basement and walkout basement • Three-level split design does not have basement level © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. Split-Entry Designs • Two levels separated by entrance stairway • Essentially a one-story house with a raised basement • Also called bi-level or raised ranch © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. Split-Level Layouts • Side-by-side – For lots sloping from one side to the other • Front-to-back – For lots high in front and low in back • Back-to-front – For lots low in front and high in back © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.