Transcript Related Services in Special Education

Related Services in
Special Education
National Association of Special
Education Teachers
Related Services
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Put simply, related services are any
services that are necessary to help a
student benefit from his special education
program. To benefit from special
education has generally been interpreted
to mean making meaningful progress
toward meeting IEP goals and objectives.
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Who is eligible for related services?
Under IDEA '97, a student must need
special education to be considered eligible
for related services
 A child must have a full and individual
evaluation to determine:
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if he or she has a disability as defined
under IDEA 2004, and
 if, because of that disability, he or she
needs special education and related
services.
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Related Services
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Art therapy, Dance/movement
therapy and Music therapy
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provide services in which music,
movement, or art is used in a therapeutic
process to further the child's emotional,
physical, cognitive, and/or academic
development or integration into the
mainstream
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Psychological services focus on the needs,
interests, and issues related to various stages of
student growth.
 School psychologists may help students with
personal and social concerns such as developing
self-knowledge, making effective decisions,
learning health choices, and improving
responsibility.
 Related services in this area may also include
individual and group in-school counseling
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Occupational therapy (OT) services can
enhance a student's ability to function in
an educational program. These services
are "provided by a qualified occupational
therapist"
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Occupational therapy services in schools may
include such services as:
 self-help skills or adaptive living (e.g., eating,
dressing);
 functional mobility (e.g., moving safely through
school);
 positioning (e.g., sitting appropriately in class);
 sensory-motor processing (e.g., using the senses
and muscles);
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fine motor (e.g., writing, cutting) and
gross motor performance (e.g., walking,
athletic skills);
 life skills training/vocational skills; and
 social skills training
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Orientation and Mobility Services
 Orientation involves knowing where you
are, where you are going, and how to get
to a destination by interpreting
 information in the environment
 mobility involves moving safely through
the environment.
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 O&M
services are defined as
"services provided to blind or
visually impaired students by
qualified personnel to enable
those students safe
movement within their
environments in school,
home, and community"
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Parent Counseling and Training
 Parent counseling and training is an
important related service that can help
parents enhance the vital role they play in
the lives of their children.
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Assisting parents in understanding the
special needs of their child
 Providing parents with information about
child development; and
 Helping parents to acquire the necessary
skills that will allow them to support the
implementation of their child's IEP or
IFSP" [Individualized Family Service Plan
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 Physical
therapy means
"services provided by a
qualified physical therapist
that address a child's posture,
muscle strength, mobility,
and organization of
movement in educational
environments.
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Recreation
services
generally are intended to
help students with
disabilities learn how to
use their leisure and
recreation time
constructively.
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Rehabilitation counseling services are
"services provided by qualified personnel
in individual or group sessions that focus
specifically on:
 career development
 employment preparation
 achieving independence, and
 integration in the workplace and
community
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 School
health services under the
IDEA 2004 final regulations means
"services provided by a qualified
school nurse or other qualified
person.
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Possible school health services include:
 special feedings;
 clean intermittent catheterization;
 suctioning;
 the management of a tracheostomy;
 administering and/or dispensing
medications;
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planning for the safety of a student in
school;
 ensuring that care is given while at school
and at school functions to prevent injury
(e.g., changing a student's position
frequently to prevent pressure sores);
 chronic disease management
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Recreational activities generally may fall into one
or more of the following classifications:
(1) physical, cultural, or social;
(2) indoor or outdoor;
(3) spectator or participant;
(4) formal or informal;
(5) independent, cooperative, or competitive; or
(6) sports, games, hobbies, or toy play
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Speech-language pathology services
are provided by speech-language
professionals and speech-language
assistants and these services include:
 "identification of children with speech or
language impairments;
 diagnosis and appraisal of specific speech
or language impairments;
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referral for medical or other professional
attention
 provision of speech and language services
for the prevention of or improve the
communicative impairments
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Transportation as a related service is
included in an eligible student's IEP if the
IEP team determines that such a service is
needed. Transportation includes:
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travel to and from school and between
schools;
 travel in and around school buildings; and
 specialized equipment (such as special or
adapted buses, lifts, and ramps), if
required to provide special transportation
for a child with a disability
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Assistive technology (AT) refers to various
types of devices and services designed to
help students with disabilities function
within their environments.
 Many areas are covered under the
umbrella of assistive technology, including:
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Computers
 adaptive toys and games
 devices to improve positioning and
mobility
 devices designed to help individuals with
disabilities communicate (called
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augmentative communication devices)
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electronic aids to daily living