Transcript Slide 1

Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
STUDENT LAUNCH INITIATIVE
2011 – 2012
OC Rocketeers
PDR Presentation
December 12, 2011
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Agenda
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Introduction of team members (representing 4 high schools in
Orange County California)
Mission statement
Partners in Industry and Education
Vehicle
• Design
• Dual Deployment Recovery System
• GPS Tracking
Engineering payload
Risks and Safety
Educational Outreach
Sustainability of rocketry projects in Orange County, CA
Budget and Timeline
Status and Next Milestones
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Mission Statement
We, the OC Rocketeers, will construct
and launch a rocket that will reach a
mile high while deploying an UAV.
The rocket will include a dual deploy
recovery and will remain reusable.
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Partners in Industry
This year’s project requires new and
varied expertise. We have turned to
industry and education for guidance
in the following areas:
• Small RC Aircraft Design
• Bendable Wing Technology
• Autonomous flight electronics
• Composite materials construction
• High power rocketry experience
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Small RC Aircraft Design
Dr. Robert Davey
• Retired aeronautical
engineering professor from
Cal Poly Pomona
• Air ForcePilot T37s and T38s
• Designed instruments for
Viking Mars Landers and Pioneer Venus Probe
• Designed instrumentation for meteorological
research
• Over 50 years of RC airplane experience
• Past mayor of Duarte, CA
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Bendable Wing Technology
Dr. Peter Ifju
• Professor at UF Gainesville
• Author of several papers on the
design and mechanics of Micro
Air Vehicles
• Developed bendable wing technology for
small UAVs for military and DARPA
• Co-holds patent on that technology
• Gave team a wing and shared details of
construction so we could make our own
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Autonomous Flight Electronics
Doug Wiebel
• PhD Student and research
associate at University of
Colorado
• Full scale pilot as well as avid
RC Flyer
• Lead for the open source software
development team for the ArduPilot Mega
autopilot at DIY Drones that we are using
• Considered that team’s fixed wing expert
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Composite Materials Construction
Mike Kramer
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Director of Research and Development
for Ducommun Aero Structures
• Over 23 yrs experience in composite
structure, design and development
• Holds degree in Engineering Mechanics
– Polymers and composites
• Awarded patent for manufacturing multi-walled
composite structures
• Avid rocketeer, Rocketry Organization of California
(ROC) member, youth mentor, NAR Level 3
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
High Power Rocketry Experience
Mike Stoop
• Owner of Mad Cow
Rocketry
• NAR Level 3 and
California Pyro 3
• Has built, designed,
and flown hundreds of rockets
• Has flown well over 15 dual deploy on “K”
and above (many on “M” or above)
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Vehicle – Full Sized
(scale model will be 4” diameter fiberglass)
Parameter
Details
Length/Diameter
119 inches / 5 inches
Material
Carbon Fiber
Shock Cord
1” Tubular Nylon
Center of Pressure/Center of Gravity
86.93”/71.45”behind nose tip
Stability Margin
3.1
Launch System / Exit Velocity
1” 6ft Rail/ 70.8 ft/s
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Vehicle – Full Sized cont’d
Parameter
Details
Liftoff Weight
20.8 lbs
Descent Weight
17.8 lbs
Preferred Motor
Aerotech K1050
Thrust to weight ratio
11.35 (1050 Newtons average thrust
= 236 lbs / 20.8 lb vehicle)
Maximum ascent velocity
766.84 ft/s
Maximum acceleration
458.3 ft/s/s
Peak Altitude
5178 ft
Drogue – Descent rate
77.75 ft/s
Lower section under Main – Descent
rate (Kinetic energy at ground level)
17.4 ft/s (48 ftlb-force)
Upper section under its own chute –
descent rate (Kinetic energy at ground
level)
17.2 ft/s (24.4 ftlb-force)
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Vehicle – Forward Section
Parameter
Details
Nose Cone
Carbon Fiber 14” long
Body Tube
Carbon fiber 5” diameter x 51.5” long
Bulkhead
3 ply x 3/32” = 9/32” fiberglass with “U” bolt for shock
cord attachment
Shock Cord
1” Tubular Nylon
Sabot
Carbon Fiber coupler, split lengthwise, hinged
Forward Cavity
8.5” x 5” diameter for ejection charge, shock cord, GPS,
and forward section parachute (51.5” – 6” for avionics bay
– 6” for nose cone – 31” for sabot)
Ejection Charge
1.5 grams
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Vehicle – Avionics Bay
Parameter
Details
Bay Material
Carbon Fiber tubing 12” long – coupler for 5” body tube
Body Tube
Carbon fiber 5” diameter x 1” long
Bulkhead
3 ply x 3/32” = 9/32” fiberglass with “U” bolt for shock
cord attachment
Sled
1/8” plywood with ¼” threaded rods the entire length
Electronics
HCX and Raven flight computers, Batteries
Terminal Blocks
(for ejection chg)
Aft: Drogue primary and backup, Main primary and backup
Forward: UAV deploy primary and backup
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Vehicle – Rear Section
Parameter
Details
Body Tube
Carbon fiber 5” diameter x 38.75” long
Centering Rings
2ply x 3/32” = 3/16” fiberglass with “U” bolt for shock cord
Shock Cord
1” Tubular Nylon
Rear Cavity
12.75” x 5” diameter for ejection charge, shock cord, GPS, and
forward section parachute (38.75 + 3” for tailcone + 4” inside
avionics bay – 6” for avionics bay overlap - 27” for motor)
Ejection Charge
2.0 grams (250lbs – 13psi)
Tender Descender
.33 grams (per the data sheet)
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Aerotech K1050
Designation
K-1050W-SU
Total Weight
2128 grams
Manufacturer
Aerotech
Propellant
Weight
1362 grams
Motor Type
Single Use
Average Thrust
1050.0 N
Diameter
54.0 mm
Maximum Thrust
2164.0 N
Length
67.6 cm
Total Impulse
2530.0 Ns
Propellant
White
Lightning
Burn Time
2.3 s
Cert
Organization
TRA
Isp
189 s
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
GPS TRACKING
Transmitters in Vehicle
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Big Red Bee Beeline GPS
RF: 17mW on 70cm ham band
Battery and life: 750mAh 10 Hrs
Size: 1.25” x 3” 2 ounces
Ground Station
• Receiver: Yaesu VX-6R
• TNC: Byonics Tiny Track 4
• GPS: Garmin eTrex Legend
Beeline receives GPS position
• Encodes as AX.25 packet data
• Sends as 1200 baud audio – 1 at each end of 70 cm ham band
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VX-6R switched between two frequencies and extracts audio
TinyTrack 4 converts audio to digital NMEA location data
Garmin displays the digital location data on human screen
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Drift During Recovery
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Lower Sustainer Section
• I - Drops from 5,280 ft to 1,000 ft at 78 ft/s on 24” drogue
• II - Drops from 1,000 ft to 850 ft at 61 ft/s on 24” drogue without the top section weight
• III - Drops from 850 ft to 0 ft at 17.5 ft/s on 84” main
• Top Section (with UAV)
• I –Drops from 5,280 ft to 1,000 ft at 78 ft/s on 24” drogue
• II – Drops from 1,000 ft to 0 ft at 17 ft/s on 60” parachute
• UAV (if not separated from parachute)
• I – Drops from 5,280 ft to 1,000 ft at 78ft/s on 24” drogue
• II – Drops from 1,000 ft to 0 ft at 18.5 ft/s on 24” parachute
Lower Sustainer Section
Wind
(MPH)
0
5
10
15
20
Wind
(ft/s)
0.00
7.33
14.67
22.00
29.20
I - Drogue
Range
(feet)
0
404
807
1211
1614
II - Drogue
Range
(feet)
0
18
36
54
72
Top Section
Wind
(MPH)
0
5
10
15
20
Wind
(ft/s)
0.00
7.33
14.67
22.00
29.20
I - Drogue
II - Top
Range
Parachute Range
(feet)
(feet)
0
0
404
425
807
850
1211
1275
1614
1700
Total
Range
(feet)
0
829
1657
2486
3314
III - Main
Range
(feet)
0
358
715
1073
1431
Total Range
(feet)
0
780
1558
2338
3117
Drogue if parachute does not separate
Wind
(MPH)
0
5
10
15
20
Wind
(ft/s)
0.00
7.33
14.67
22.00
29.20
I - Drogue
II – UAV
Range
Parachute Range
(feet)
(feet)
0
0
404
398
807
796
1211
1194
1614
1593
Total
Range
(feet)
0
802
1603
2405
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Recovery
• Recovery System consists of:
• G-Wiz Partners HCX Flight Computer
(4 pyro events)
• 1.10” x 5.50” 45 grams
• Accelerometer based altitude
• Raven Flight Computer (4 pyro events)
•1.80" x 0.8" x 0.55." 27 grams
• accelerometer based altitude
• Avionics Bay is coated with MG Chemicals SuperShield
Conductive Coating 841 to minimize RF Interference
• Deployment bag with 84” Main Parachute
• Two Tender Descenders in series (primary
and backup)
Other Parachutes:
• 24” Drogue
• 60” Parachute for top body section
• 24” Parachute on UAV
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Recovery Interconnect
• Flight computers are powered from Duracell 9VDC batteries
• Design includes 4 safety switches
• Raven Flight Computer Power (normally open)
• HCX Flight Computer CPU Power (normally open)
• HCX Pyro Power (normally open)
• HCX Pyro Shunt (normally closed – last to be switched)
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Recovery Events
• Redundant Dual Deployment from two different flight computers
• Deployment consists of three separate events
• Event #1: Near apogee a black powder charge deploys the
drogue parachute
• Rocket is in two sections
tethered together
• Lower body tube with
motor and fins
• Nose cone, upper body
tube with UAV, avionics
bay
• Exposed and on the 1”
Nylon shock cord:
• Drogue fully deployed
• Main held in bag by Tender Descenders
• One of two GPS (to clear carbon fiber body tube)
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Recovery Events
• Event #2: At 1000 ft (backup at 900 ft) a second ejection
charge separates the rocket further
• Lower body tube with motor and fins still on drogue tethered
to the avionics bay only
• Upper body tube tethered to the nose cone and the opened
sabot is all under another deployed parachute
• Second GPS is now exposed on the 1” nylon shock cord
• UAV has deployed from the sabot and is under its own
parachute
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Recovery Events
• Event #3: At 850 ft (backup at 750 feet) a third black powder
charge in the Tender Descenders deploys the main. There are
now three pieces descending
• Lower body tube with motor and fins still on the main
parachute tethered to the avionics bay
• Upper body tube tethered to the nose cone and opened
sabot under its own parachute
• UAV has deployed from the sabot and is under its own
parachute waiting for safe release
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Launch Simulations
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Simulations were run using Rocksim
Over 100 simulations were run to fine tune vehicle
Dimensions, weights, and launch conditions were varied
Once vehicle was designed varied engines to attain 1 mile altitude
Verified top speed was still subsonic
Verified range with varied winds
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
UAV Payload System
The UAV System consists of
• 2.4 GHz RC Control via Spektrum
DX-7
• 900 MHz telemetry link using X-Bee
for
• Altitude via barometric pressure
• Speed via pitot tube and
pressure sensor
• Artificial horizon via 3 axis
magnetometer
• 1.2 GHz Video downlink
• Video data converted to USB for
interface similar to web cam
Note: Rocket also uses two separate
GPS transmitters for tracking
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
UAV Design
Fuselage length: 30 inches
Wingspan: 30 inches
Weight: 1 lb
Material
• Wing: Carbon Fiber Composite
• Fuselage: Carbon Fiber Composite
• Electronics
• Selectable RC control or Autonomous
• Real Time video
• Telemetry
• GPS Position
• 3 axis accelerometer
• Airspeed
• Microswitch and solid state relays
turn electronics ON when UAV deploys
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Note: Photo from similar UAV at University of Florida Gainesville UAV lab
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
UAV Electronics System
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Main UAV Electronics
Ardupilot Mega Autopilot
- Arduino CPU board
- IMU “Shield/Oil Pan”
X-Bee 900 MHz tx
- Relays telemetry data
- Position information
GPS MediaTek MT3329
- Position for autopilot
- Position for ground stn
Sony Video Camera
- provides real time video
Axis Magnetometer
- Telemetry for gnd stn
Lawmate Video Tx
- Relays video real time
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
UAV – Bendable Wing
• Developed by Peter Ifju and others at the
University of Florida in Gainesville
• Uses molded carbon fiber cloth
• Functional airfoil is also like a tape measure –
it can be bent but straightens back out
• Dr Ifju shared the design and fabrication
techniques with us
• He gave us one wing
• We had that wing digitized through a 3d laser
imaging firm (resulting in an .igs file)
• A mentor helped us create a digital file for
use with a CNC machine
• We are looking for some inexpensive time
on a CNC machine so we can create a mold
to make our own wings
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
UAV – Bendable Wing
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
UAV – Bendable Wing Fabrication
All photos taken at the composites lab at University of Florida Gainesville
Foam Mold
Vacuum Bag
Release Film + Carbon Fiber
Place into oven
Release Film
Vacuum and bake
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
UAV – Ground Station
UAV Ground Station
• Allows RC control of
UAV
• Allows switching
between RC control
and autonomous flight
• Displays real time
telemetry data
• Displays real time
video from the UAV
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Payload/Vehicle Integration
• UAV is encased in a sabot
• Protects the UAV from ejection charge
• Provides a clean method for deploying
the vehicle from the body tube
• Deployment and flight plan
• Ejection before main at 900 ft
• UAV will descend under parachute
until verified flight-worthy
• Parachute will be released
• UAV will fly under RC control
• If save, UAV will fly pattern under
autonomous control
• Return to RC control for landing
Photos from “Development of a Composite Bendable-Wing Micro Air
Vehicle” by Dr. Peter Ifju et al URL: http://baronjohnson.net/Publications/ASM2007.pdf
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Risks
5 Risk: The
10 Risk: The
15 Risk: A
rocket weather Rocket lands in parachute
cocks
mud
misfires
20 Risk: The
25 Risk: The
tracking device UAV hits an
isn’t accurate
object
30 Risk: The
battery(s) of
our electronics
bay fall out
4 Risk: The
9 Risk: The
14 Risk: The
engine “chuffs” rocket lands in batteries die
a dangerous
during launch
area
19 Risk: A
servo cable on
the UAV
catches
24 Risk: A part 29 Risk: No
or battery
recovery
disconnects
system
3 Risk: the
rocket
struggles off
the launch pad
8 Risk:
13 Risk: a
Interference of parachute fires
the lawmate
at the wrong
video
alititude
transmitter
and xbee
telemetry
18 Risk: The
electronics in
the UAV over
heat
23 Risk: Sheer 28 Risk: Loss
pins aren’t put in signal via
in place
controller
2 Risk: The
rocket folds
upon itself
7 Risk: The
12 Risk: The
parachute
engine
tangles around explodes
the UAV
17 Risk: The
UAV Motor
propeller
breaks during
sabot release
22 Risk:
Tracking
device is
damaged in
launch
27 Risk: The
black powder is
not the correct
amount
1 Risk: rocket
misfires
Mitigation:
check
continuity
6 Risk: The
11 Risk: The
Parachute
Rocket’s fins
doesn’t detach break
from the UAV
16 Risk: The
altimeters
aren’t set to
fire the
parachutes
21 Risk:
Tracking
device doesn’t
transmit radio
waves
26 Risk: The
electric match
doesn’t ignite
the black
powder
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Risks Mitigation
5 Mitigation:
the design is
not over
stable
10 Mitigation:
Make sure
launch site is
dry
4 Mitigation:
make sure
igniter is all
the way in the
engine
3 Mitigation:
use the
correct size
launch rod
9 mitigation:
Launch site is
clear of all
hazardous
materials
8 Mitigation:
Make sure that
the frequencies
do not interfere
with one
another
2 Mitigation: 7 Mitigation:
body tube and Make sure the
nose cone are parachute is
fiberglass
correctly folded
1 Mitigation:
check
continuity
6 Mitigation:
Check
harnesses and
linkages
15 Mitigation:
double check
programming
on the
altimeter is
correct
14 Mitigation:
use fresh
batteries
13 Mitigation:
double check
programming
on the
altimeter is
correct
12 Mitigation:
make sure
there is no
defects in
engine
11 Mitigation:
Use in wall
fins
20 Mitigation: Make 25 Mitigation: UAV can be
sure tracking device switched from autopilot
works
to manual mode
Each member in the
payload subsection will
know how to fly the UAV
19 Mitigation: test
24 Mitigation: use strong
the cables before
connectors and zip ties to
flight and have a
secure wires
large enough
opening
23 Mitigation: double
18 Mitigation: Air
vents will be placed check the rocket before
for the entering and placing on the launch pad
exiting of air – this
will provide enough
ventilation
22 Mitigation: Make sure
17 Mitigation: A
folding propeller will Tracking device is secure
be used – this opens and is fully encased in
the Styrofoam
up when the motor
powers on.
16 Mitigation: double 21 Mitigation: double
check programming check tracking device is
on the altimeter is
on
correct
30 Mitigation:
zip tie batteries
and double
check
connection
29 Mitigation:
Double-check
our rocket is
set up correctly
28 Mitigation:
using a 2.4GHZ
radio for long
range and less
interferences
27 Mitigation:
have a backup
charge to either
“blow it out or
blow it up”
26 Mitigation:
make sure
there electric
match is
touching the
black powder
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Safety
• Follow NAR and TRA safety rules for launch
• Safe material usage restrictions
• Safe distance from launch pad
• Safe recovery area
• Inspection by range safety officer before flight
• Follow our check list when preparing for launch
• Have fire extinguisher and first aid kit on site
• Follow our own (AIAA OC Section Rocketry) safety rules for
shop
• MSDS referred to as needed (can be found on our web site)
• Manuals are posted on the web site since they contain set-up
information for recovery electronics
• Presentation given to all team members with their signature
that they attended and understand
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Educational Outreach
• Space 2011 Education Alley (Sept – too early for credit)
• Girl scout workshop and launch outing in October/November
2011
• Giving presentation to AIAA professional society council
meeting with all AIAA members in Orange County invited in
2012
• Newspaper articles
• Article in Sunny Hills High School (Fullerton, CA) school
paper
• Try for article in the Orange County Register
• Try for article in local paper in Orange, CA – The Foothills
Sentry
• Presentations at Orange County 4H clubs
• Contact Discovery Science Center for youth booth
• Youth Expo at the Orange County Fair Grounds
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Sustainability of youth rocketry
Orange County, CA
• Monthly build sessions as NAR Section #718
• Monthly launches with local clubs (Rocketry
Organization of California - ROC, Diego Area Rocket
Team –DART, and Tripoli San Diego
• Annual booth at the Education Alley portion of
Space (2012 and beyond)
• Annual booth at Youth Expo at the Orange County
Fairgrounds
• Maintain web site at http://aiaaocrocketry.org
promoting rocketry and providing information at all
levels
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Budget - Expenditures
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Budget – Income
• NASA Grant for SLI teams
• Fundraising letters
• Boeing
• Raytheon
• Northrop Grumman
• Lockheed Martin
• Sees candy sales
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Timeline
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Status and Next Milestones
Milestone
Status
Full Size Rocket Design
Complete
Scale Model Rocket Design
Complete
Scale Model Rocket Build
Scheduled Start 12/17 (break)
Scale Model Rocket Launch
Early January 2012
UAV conceptual design
Complete
UAV Hardware identified
Complete
UAV Bendable Wing
Looking for CNC machine time
UAV Materials (except mold)
Complete
UAV Final Design
January 2012
UAV Build and Test
January – February 2012
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Student Launch Initiative
AIAA OC Rocketeers
Thank you for letting us
be part of SLI again
Questions?
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