Transcript EASA and ICAO activities

UAV: EASA and ICAO
activities
Presentation by:
Y Morier
EASA
01.02.2008
Workshop on UAV
Yves Morier
European Aviation Safety Agency
Contents of the presentation
EASA activities:
The Advance-Notice of Proposed Amendment (ANPA)
The Policy
The Comment Response Document (CRD)
Related EASA rulemaking
Contacts with other organisations
ICAO activities
Main issues highlighted by the A-NPA
consultation:
Issues within EASA remit
Issues outside EASA remit
Summary-conclusion
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Workshop on UAV
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European Aviation Safety Agency
EASA activities
The A-NPA
A-NPA 16/2005 issued on 7 November 2005
available on the EASA web-site:
 http://www.easa.europa.eu/home/r_archives.html
Consultation closed on 7 February 2006
Basis for the A-NPA:
Report of the JAA and EUROCONTROL joint initiative on
UAV (UAV Task-Force report)
 http://www.easa.europa.eu/home/r_archives.html
Purpose of the A-NPA:
Envisage a policy for UAV systems
certification
Solicit comments on specific points
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European Aviation Safety Agency
EASA activities
The policy (I):
Scope:

UAV systems with a maximum take-off mass of 150 kg or
more; which are not excluded by Article 1(2) or Article 4(2)
and Annex II of EC Regulation 1592/2002.
Objectives:

Airworthiness (protection of people and property on the
ground); environmental protection (ICAO annex 16)
Definitions:
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insist on UAV system
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European Aviation Safety Agency
EASA activities
The policy (II):
Procedure for UAV systems certification: Part 21 is
applicable

Type certificate:
 Part 21 A.17: type certification basis
 Design organisation approval for designer
Production organisation approval for manufacturer
 Certificate of airworthiness and Noise certificates for
individual UAV
 Restricted certificate of airworthiness may be issued for
operations in remote areas

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European Aviation Safety Agency
EASA activities
The policy (III):
UAV system elements to be included in the type
certification basis:
Any function and associated equipments that can
prejudice continued safe flight and landing or
environmental compatibility
 Typical list is provide in attachment 1 of the policy
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European Aviation Safety Agency
EASA activities
The policy (IV):
Type Certification basis:

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Adapted from existing Certification Specification (CS) for
manned aircraft
Methodology to select appropriate CS.
Tailoring for UAV of selected CS
UAV system safety assessment
Special conditions:
 emergency recovery capability;
 communication link;
 level of autonomy;
 human machine interface;
 Others
Detailed guidance is contained into attachment 2 to the
policy
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European Aviation Safety Agency
EASA activities
The policy (IV):
Continuing airworthiness:

Part M is applicable
Environmental protection:

Noise: appropriate chapters of annex 16 volume I
 Need for adaptation for UAV specific use
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Gaseous emissions and fuel venting: annex 16 volume II
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European Aviation Safety Agency
EASA activities
The Comment Response Document
was published on 06/12/2007:
http://www.easa.europa.eu/home/r_crd.html
The Agency acknowledge the significant delay
compared to initial previsions
Majority of comments concur that the option
chosen by the Agency to develop a policy for UAV
certification within the constraints described in
the A-NPA is a step in the right direction.
Open for reactions until 06/02/2008.
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European Aviation Safety Agency
EASA activities
Related EASA rulemaking:
Extension of scope to Operation, flight crew
licensing and third countries aircraft was adopted
by the Council on Wednesday.
Opinion for aerodromes was issued in December
2007
NPA for ATM/ANS was published in December
2007
Legislative proposal for both could be issued by
the Commission in June 2008
EASA remit fully complete by say 2012?
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European Aviation Safety Agency
EASA activities
Contacts with other organisations:
Contacts are established with ICAO, FAA,
EUROCONTROL, EUROCAE, Transport Canada,
European Defence Agency and NATO
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European Aviation Safety Agency
ICAO activities
ICAO has established a Unmanned
Aircraft System Study Group (UASSG)
Request for participation was sent by
State letter AN 13/55 - IND/07/19
dated 24/08/2007
EASA will participate
First meeting of UASSG is scheduled
for spring 2008?
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Main issues highlighted by the
A-NPA consultation
Issues fully within the present EASA
remit (I):
Conventional versus safety target approach for
certification:

Conventional approach retained
The two alternatives for selecting the manned CS:

Kinetic energy method retained
UAV system safety analysis
Quantitative level as in selected CS for first issue of the
Policy
 Ask EUROCAE WG-73 to develop further guidance
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Main issues highlighted by the
A-NPA consultation
Issues fully within the present EASA
remit (II):
Need for DOA

Possible alleviation for light UAV
Certificate of airworthiness and control stations
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Certificate of airworthiness covers one air vehicle and one
control station
Environment:
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Stick to ICAO Annex 16 keeping in mind that turbo-jet
powered UAV with short take-off distances and/ or special
missions may necessitate specific measures.
UAV or UAS?
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UAS
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Main issues highlighted by the
A-NPA consultation
Issues fully within the present EASA
remit: way forward
Short term:
Review the reactions
 When appropriate modify the policy
 Publish the policy

Further development of the policy:
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several tasks proposed to the EUROCAE WG-73 as
described in the previous slides
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Main issues highlighted by the
A-NPA consultation
Issues outside the EASA present
remit (I):
‘sense and avoid’:
Still not part of the Policy
 To develop a special condition using EUROCONTROL
specification relative to military UAV used in
operational air traffic outside segregated airspace
 Agency will request EUROCAE WG 73 to develop the
special condition

Total system approach as proposed by Sweden
Attractive concept but goes beyond UAV certification
 Deserve further study
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Main issues highlighted by the
A-NPA consultation
Issues outside the EASA present
remit (II):
Security:
Key issue but not within EASA remit
 Safety impacts of security systems are within EASA
remit

Coordination with military working group on UAV:
Importance recognised
 USAR version 3 and most likely STANAG 4671 can be
used with certain limitations
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UAV below 150 KG:
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Coordination between Member States using
EUROCAE WG-73 is encouraged
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Main issues highlighted by the
A-NPA consultation
Issues outside the EASA present remit: way
forward
regulatory framework for UAV: Role of EASA and
development of a comprehensive framework for UAV
regulations:
Create a group to identify building blocks and road map for
a comprehensive framework for UAV regulation:
 Do we have the road map yet?
 The group should report to the Commission because the
Commission is competent for all issues related to UAV
regulation. It should include the main players and take into
account existing or planned activities. A specific task for
the group would be to develop regulatory impact
assessment (in particular safety case).
 The group should allocate responsibilities so that each
player (E.g. EASA, EUROCONTROL) is responsible to
organise its work. The group may also organise further
studies as appropriate (e.g. Total System Approach, Safety
Target approach)
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Summary-Conclusions
EASA activities have be summed-up
ICAO activities have been outlined
A list of significant issues has be
highlighted
EASA ready to cooperate and
contribute to the development of a
comprehensive UAV regulatory
framework.
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European Aviation Safety Agency
End of presentation
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION.
YOUR QUESTIONS ARE WELCOME
www.easa.europa.eu
01.02.2008
Workshop on UAV
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