Transcript Chapter 14 – Section 3

CHAPTER 14 – SECTION 3
The Crisis Deepens
Birth of the Republican Party,
1854
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Northern Whigs.
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Northern Democrats.
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Free-Soilers.
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Know-Nothings.
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Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska
Act.
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All came together to form the NEW Republican Party in
1854
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Republicans win 105 of 245 seats in House elections!
(Political party from 1854-1856 who was against Germans
and Irish Catholic immigrants who they felt were ruining America)
1856 PRESIDENTIAL
ELECTION
√ James Buchanan
Democrat
John C. Frémont
Republican
Millard Fillmore
Whig
1856
Election
Results
Fremont makes
a strong showing
in the North!
Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857
DRED SCOTT
• Dred Scott was a former slave owned by a U.S.
Army doctor that had moved from Illinois and
Wisconsin to Missouri
• Scott sued for his freedom because Illinois and
Wisconsin were free states
• Supreme Court Chief Justice Roger Tanney said
Scott was not free for two reasons
• One he had no right to sue because he was
black
• Two he was considered property!
• Tanney even went further to declare that
Congress had no power to prohibit slavery and
the Missouri Compromise was therefore
unconstitutional
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taney_Arrest_Warrant#
mediaviewer/File:Roger_B._Taney_-_BradyHandy.jpg
REACTION
• The South and all supporters of
slavery were dancing in the
streets!
• Most Northerners and
abolitionists were appalled!
http://ahistoryofhistory.weebly.com/uploads/1/4/1/9/14195332/544629092.jpg
http://a4.files.biography.com/image/upload/c_fill,g_face,h_300,q_80,w_300/MT
E5NTU2MzE2MjA1MzE5Njkx.jpg
• However, this decision lit the fire
for many people who were
undecided on the issue and gave
rise to fuel the fire for the
Lincoln-Douglas debates.
The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate)
Debates, 1858
o Lincoln opposed the Kansas-Nebraska
Act that Douglas was responsible for
A
House
divided
o “A
house divided
againstagainst
itself cannot
stand.”
itself,
stand.
o Lincolncannot
did not want
to ban slavery,
just the spread of it.
Senator Stephen
Douglas
the “Little Giant”
o Douglas was not for slavery, just
popular sovereignty
o Made Lincoln out to be an
abolitionist
o Was not for race equality, but so
no reason why blacks should not
have rights spelled out in D.O.I.
o Douglas wins in 1858
Popular
Sovereignty?
John Brown’s Raid
on Harper’s Ferry, 1859
o After “Bleeding Kansas”
John Brown goes east
o 1859 Brown and friends
attack Harper’s Ferry and
hope to create a slave
uprising toward freedoms
o Brown was caught by Robert
E. Lee and his troops
o Brown was hung, but became
a hero of the North in the
cause against slavery
o John Brown Song becomes
a battle cry in 1861
• Sung to the same
tune as “The
Battle of the
Hymn Republic”
CHAPTER 14 – SECTION 4
The Coming of the Civil War
Republican Party Platform in 1860
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Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers].
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Protective tariff [for the Industrialists].
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No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a
disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”].
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Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the
Northwest].
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Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense.
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Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].
√ Abraham Lincoln
Republican
John Bell
Constitutional Union
1860
PRESIDENTIAL
ELECTION
Stephen A. Douglas
Northern Democrat
John C. Breckinridge
Southern Democrat
1860 Election: 3 “Outs” & 1 ”Run!”
1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!
1860
Election
Results
Secession!: South Carolina first
on Dec. 20, 1860
THE CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
• From December 1860 – March 1861
when Lincoln is finally able to take the
oath of office seven states have left the
Union and voted to form their own
country
• Jefferson Davis named President of the
Confederate States of America
• Not all southerners are for secession, but
their voices are not as powerful
Photo from - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jefferson_Davis
LINCOLN’S FIRST INAUGURATION
• March 4, 1861 he tries to ensure
the seceded states that he has no
intentions of ending slavery
• Also states that they have no right
to break free and that if war
results that it is their choice not
his.
• Lincoln’s speech not accepted by
the South and they take over post
offices, forts and other federal
property
Photo from - http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/abrahamlincoln
PROBLEMS CONTINUE FOR MR. LINCOLN
AT FORT SUMTER
• South tried to starve out
soldiers in the fort and force
them to surrender from late
December 1860 to early April
1861
• Lincoln does not want to lose
the fort or be known for
starting a war
• Decides to send food, but no
guns or troop support
• South throws first punch!
Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861
INSIDE FORT SUMTER
•
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