Transcript Enhancement and satisfaction

Gerontechnology: Enhancement
and satisfaction of life
Herman Bouma
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Contents
• Enhancement and Satisfaction: focus since
1991
• Examples early and recent
• Interdisciplinary R&D
• Indispensable Methodology
• Four literature studies to be discussed
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Early goals of technology and
ageing (before 1990 and still relevant)
Compensation and Assistance
Care and Care support
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Ageing is not equivalent with increasingly poor
health and physical or psychological
restrictions
The majority of ageing people has no serious
chronic restrictions or health problems
Even if they suffer from these, they may
cherish ambitions and interests similar to their
healthy peers
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Enhancement and satisfaction
• Aging is not synonymous with decline
(“….for the aged and handicapped”)
• Despite decline, aging can be made a very
satisfying experience
• Notion basic in GT from the beginning
(1991), elaborated in 1996 (Helsinki)
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The elderly citizens… are our
fundamental concern… We have to learn
more about… their objectives, tasks and
preferences, what they want to do and
wished to be helped with.
(H. Bouma Gerontechnology: making technology relevant for
the elderly. Proceedings 1st international GT congress
,Eindhoven 1991)
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Four GT goals
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•
•
•
Enhancement and satisfaction
Prevention and engagement
Compensation and Assistance
Care and Care support
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Enhancement and Satisfaction
In GT, Enhancement is the added value to life
experienced by ageing persons and mediated
by technological products or services
In GT, Satisfaction is the positive feeling of
ageing people as mediated by the presence or
use of technological products and services
Their opposites are irritation/frustration and
dissatisfaction as mediated by technology
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Technology for the ageing population
Technical innovations (products & services)
should be targeted at the ageing population just
as well.
Although this may sound self-evident, in our
real world this goal is still far from being
reached
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Gerontechnology Interdiscipline Matrix
Technology Disciplines
Architecture Information & Mechatronics Industrial
Communicat- & Robotics
Design
Gerontology & Building
ion
Disciplines
Biology
Physiology
Psychology
Social
Psychology
Sociology
Demography
Medicine
Rehabilitation
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…
.
Gerontechnology Impact matrix
Selection of Potential Applications 1990
Life Domain
Goal
Health &
Selfesteem
Enhancement
& Satisfaction
Housing &
Daily living
Mobility &
Transport
Communication
& Governance
Work &
Leisure
Kitchen tools
Timetable
Car
Fixed telephone
Washing
machine
Power
tools
Fixed telephone
Focused
lighting
Hearing aids
Power
tools
Prevention &
Engagement
Healthy Diet Safety
Home trainer illumination
Compensation
& Assistance
Active
alarms
Care support&
Organisation
ADL/IADL
Rollator/Walker
Powered lifting
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Gerontechnology Impact matrix
Selection of potential applications 1990+, 2000+
Life domain
Health
Self-esteem
Housing
Daily living
Mobility
Transport
Communication
& Governance
Work
Leisure
Enhancement
Satisfaction
Telemedicine
Internet/www
Kitchen tools
Wireless/remote
Timetable
GPS navigation
Info publ.transp
Mobile phone
E-mail, www
Digital
camera
www
Prevention
Engagement
Healthy diet
Home trainer
Safety illumin
Smart ventil..
Car automation Fixed telephone
Dynamic Traffic Video Links
info
(webcam)
Focussed
lighting
ADL/IADL
Smart IADL
Rollator/walker
Batterywheelchair
Hearing Aids
Directional hearing
aids
Power
tools
Robot pet
Electronic keys
Powered lifting
Care Networks
Video links
Goal
Compensation Active alarms
Passive
Assistance
alarms
Care support
Organisation
Smart intake
Control-PDA
Telecare
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Domains of daily life
Gains
(Vision)
Enhancement
Satisfaction
Mobility
Transport
Information
Communication
Electronic keys
Street illumination
GPS/Radar navigation
Mobile phone
Spoken books
Text-to speech
Prevention
Engagement
UV protection
Healthy nutrients
Large, dark peak (cap)
>letter size
High contrast lettering
Focussed task illumin.
Compensation
Assistance
Radar/Ultrasound
Telescopes
Retinal Implants
Optical magnifiers
Electronic magnifiers
Speech-to-text
Care support
Infrastructure
Low Vision simulator
UFOV test
Glare meter
Training environment
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Methodology Enhancement and Satisfaction
The goals are in the realm of social psychology, so we
have to look to that discipline for methodological
issues.
Most important: what precise problem is to be
solved
If your skill is in technology, find a colleague in social
psychology (interdisciplinary collaboration)
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Indispensable methodology (1):
• Make operational definition of Enhancement
and Satisfaction
• Define relevant domain of daily life
• Define technology- based intervention
• Find representative subjects (education,
men/women, family, life experiences,
interests, activities, health,…..)
• Define a proper control group
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Indispensable Methodology (2)
• Consider ethical issues (privacy, informed
consent)
• Consider statistical aspects before and after
intervention
• Prepare in-depth interviews, partly open
• Carry out pilot experiment(s)
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General requirements
• Work with colleague in other discipline
• Study the literature
• Learn proper English (reading, speaking,
listening, writing)
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Selection of relevant literature to
be studied
M. Docampo Rama et al. Technology generation and
age in using layered user interfaces Gerontechnology
2001, 1(1) 25-40
A.S. Melenhorst et al. When do older adults consider
the Internet? An exploratory study of benefit
perception. Gerontechnology 2004;3(2): 89-101
Y.de Kort et al. Persuasive Technology.
Gerontechnology 2005;4(3):123-127
A.Newell. Older people as a focus for inclusive
design Gerontechnology 2006;4(4):190-199
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