Transcript Seminar One - Paradise High School

http://www.hulu.com/watch/25218/billymadison-industrial-revolution-puppy
What makes you think the host was
once a high school teacher?
The Industrial Revolution in the
United States
Life is Changing
 People were resistant
to change, but life was
fundamentally
changing.
Industrialization meant
more people in factories
and fewer farmers.
2. More wages meant more
disposable income.
3. Better standard of living
meant more people
seeking opportunities.
1.
Inventions
Mother
Necessity
Video
Check for Understanding
 Think of an invention
that you use every
day that makes your
life easier. Turn to a
neighbor and share.
 How would your life
be different without
this invention?
Early Industrial Development–
Textile Mills
 Largest industry at the
time was textile (fabric).
 Even though the textile
industry was the largest
business, factories were
still small.
Textile Mills
 Samuel Slater – “Rhode
Island System”




Samuel Slater
First to use steam-driven
power looms
Relied on sole
proprietorship or
partnership form of
ownership initially.
Relied on family for labor –
with growth had to hire
professional managers.
Vertically integrated
operations forward and
backward.
Textile Mills
 Francis Lowell
 Used water-power looms.
Hired non-family supervisors & managers.
 Relied on adult female labor.

Textile Mill at Pawtucket, Rhode
Island
Depiction of Mill
Mill – present day
reconstruction
The American System of Manufactures
 Interchangeable parts– previously confined to making
muskets and revolvers.
 The Springfield (MA) Armory was an early factory
prototype.
 250 employees – largest factory in the U.S. until
after the Civil War.
 Labor was more specialized.
 Uniform standards promoted interchangeability of
parts.
The Railroads: Pioneering in U.S.
Management
Courtesy of Association of American Railroads (AAR)
 First “big business” in the U.S. – developed c. 1830.
 Started the transportation revolution.
 Change from local markets to national markets.
 How did railroads change industry and trade? How
did they influence the location of cities?
Railroads Need Laborers
 Built by immigrant labor
(Irish in east and
Chinese in west)
 Where did these
immigrants call home?
 Complete the Immigrant
Experience
 How many generations
does it take to become
an American?
Inventive and Innovative Impulses
 Railroads: made travel possible and
pleasurable; fostered a retailing revolution.
 Telegraph and telephone: aided growth of
commerce and transportation through
communication.
 Other industries developed and grew:





Electrical
Mass marketers
Sewing machines
Harvesters
Steel
Industrial Growth and Systematic
Management
 How did entrepreneurs take advantage of the
emerging industries?
 What do you think could be the next emerging
industry that could make you wealthy?
 Who benefits from these emerging markets?
Who suffers?
 Now lets look at one who benefitted.
Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919)
Steel Industry
 Used the new Bessemer
furnace technology to
begin vertically and
horizontally integrating
his firm in the steel
industry.
Andrew Carnegie
Courtesy of The General Libraries, The
University of Texas at Austin.
Andrew Carnegie
Steel Industry
 Vertical and Horizontal
control of the market to
drive down prices for
consumers.
 Preview Txt. 155, 159,
161
 Agree/disagree- is
Carnegie’s control of
the entire steel industry
good or bad?
Andrew Carnegie’s his first job was in a
textile mill like this.
Working Conditions
 Big business often
focused on the
bottom line- profit.
 How did this effect
workers?
 Read excerpt from
the Jungle (Upton
Sinclair).
Social Darwinism vs. social
Gospel
 Darwinists would
argue that the rich
are rich because they
are smarter, more
educated, better able
to adapt to change.
The poor are poor
because they are not
able to adapt- they
deserve it.
 The Social Gospel
says that big
business and
circumstances keep
people down. We
need to help the poor
and less fortunate.
 WWJD
Summary
 From independence to 1860, the U.S. grew
and developed industry.
 Period was critical to development of the
modern economy (ethics, perceptions,
values).
 Railroads and the telegraph allowed firms to
grow exponentially (VERY LARGE).
 Managers were required for large, complex
organizations.
 Quality of life for people was improving.
Additional Internet Resources











Academy of Management – Management History Division Website
http://www.aomhistory.baker.edu/departments/leadership/mgthistory/links.html
List of Internet Resources compiled by Charles Booth
http://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/files/MANAGEMENT-HISTORY/links.htm
Western Libraries Business Library – Biographies of Gurus
http://www.lib.uwo.ca/business/gurus.html
Developments from Ancient History
http://www.accel-team.com/scientific/index.html
Max Weber
http://www.faculty.rsu.edu/~felwell/Theorists/Weber/Whome.htm
Nicolo Machiavelli – Medieval Source Book – The Prince 1513
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/machiavelli-prince.html
John Locke Biography
http://www.blupete.com/Literature/Biographies/Philosophy/Locke.htm
Adam Smith
http://socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca/~econ/ugcm/3ll3/smith/
James Watt by Carnegie
http://www.history.rochester.edu/steam/carnegie/
Developments during the Industrial Revolution
http://www.accel-team.com/scientific/scientific_01.html
Additional Internet Resources











The Robert Owen Museum
http://robert-owen.midwales.com/
Charles Babbage Institute
http://www.cbi.umn.edu/exhibits/cb.html
Andrew Ure - The Philosophy of the Manufacturers 1835
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1835ure.html
Charles Dupin Biography
http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Dupin.html
Cyrus McCormick - Biography
http://www.vaes.vt.edu/steeles/mccormick/bio.html
Samuel F.B. Morse
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/atthtml/mrshome.html
Henry R. Towne – Address delivered at Purdue University (1905)
http://www.cslib.org/stamford/towne1905.htm
Andrew Carnegie
http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/aa/carnegie
The Rockefellers – PBS Documentary
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/rockefellers/
The Samuel Gompers Papers
http://www.history.umd.edu/Gompers/index.html
End of Part One