Transcript Document

Poverty, Deprivation and Children’s Health
Poverty, Deprivation and Children’s Health
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Poverty and low socio economic status have a profound effect on child
health:
 Poor infants are more likely to be born small and/or early- over one
third of all stillbirths and neonatal deaths nationally are born to mothers
resident in the most deprived fifth of wards
 Children in poverty are disproportionately exposed to risks in
development in the first year of life. e.g. inadequate nutrition, trauma,
substance abuse and maternal depression
 Poor children are at increased risk of dying throughout childhood and
adolescence
Poverty, Deprivation and Children’s Health
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Children from disadvantaged areas are at higher risk of:
Mental health problems (three fold increase)
Not being fully immunised
Smoking regularly, drinking heavily and using hazardous drugs
Becoming obese
Becoming a teenage parent
Less likely to be breastfed
Inequality in Early Cognitive Development
Fair Society, Healthy Lives: Strategic
Review of Health Inequalities in England
post 2010 –The Marmot Review
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The Marmot Review sets out six policy objectives for reducing health
inequalities in England post 2010:
Giving every child the best start in life (highest priority
recommendation)
Enabling all children, young people and adults to maximize their
capabilities and have control over their lives
Creating fair employment and good work for all
Ensuring a healthy standard of living for all
Creating and developing sustainable places and communities
Strengthening the role and impact of ill-health prevention
Why tackle child poverty?
– 2.8m (22%) children live in relative income poverty (2008/2009)
– Action is needed now to break the cycle of poverty and prevent it from
impacting on future generations
– Reducing child poverty can benefit the local economy in the long term
– Child Poverty Act places duties on local authorities and partner
organisations to co-operate to tackle child poverty
– Local partners can also maximise the expertise of unnamed partner
organisations when meeting these duties – such as those in the third
sector
Action is needed now to help
break the cycle of poverty
Families
live in
poverty
Children do not reach their
full potential
Children lack opportunities
Children have
worse
outcomes
Comparing out of work and
in-work relative poverty
% of all children in this
family type who live in
relative poverty
Number and proportion of
children in this family type who
live in relative poverty
Couples
Lone Parents
54%
Out of work
64%
400,000 (16%)
800,000 (29%)
200,000 (9%)
In work
14%
16%
1,300,000 (46%)
Source: Households Below Average Income 2008/09
*Figures may not sum due to rounding
• Children in out of work families are more likely to be in relative poverty than those
where at least one parent is in work.
• About half of children in relative poverty are in families where at least one parent
works.
Ending child poverty must be
everybody’s business
It requires national, regional and local action: services are key to
ensuring the ‘building blocks’ are a reality for all poor families in their
area.
From: Ending Child
Poverty: Making it
Happen (CPU 02/09)
Data on NI 116 - children living in poverty (2008)
Local Authority
% all children living in poverty
Southampton
26.5
Portsmouth
24.0
Slough
23.9
Brighton & Hove
22.0
Reading
21.5
England
20.9
Isle of Wight
20.2
Medway
20.1
Milton Keynes
19.6
East Sussex
17.7
Kent
17.0
South East
14.5
West Sussex
12.8
Oxfordshire
11.7
Hampshire
11.6
Buckinghamshire
10.5
Bracknell Forest
10.4
West Berkshire
10.2
Surrey
9.9
Wokingham
6.8
Windsor & Maidenhead
9.7
Picture in Reading
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Map 1 shows the areas in Reading
with the highest pockets of Child
Poverty according to the NI 116
measurement of children living in
households where income is below
60% of average UK earnings. This
equates to aprox £12, 000 or less
per household.
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This data is based on 2007 figures
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The South of Reading has the
highest levels of child poverty with
significant pockets in the East,
North and West.
Child Poverty-implications for services
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Map 5 shows numbers of children
who have become Looked After by
postcode since April 2008 mapped
onto the IDACI-Income Deprivation
Affecting Children Index.
The IDACI index demonstrates the
proportion of children living in
income deprivation in a small area.
The largest numbers of children
who have become looked after are
from areas of high poverty and
deprivation.
Cost of one child’s time in care for
one year is approx. £36,000.
One large black blob on map
represents 10 LAC children
What Can The Local Strategic Partnership Do To Reduce the
Level of Child Poverty in Reading?