Transcript Document
Strengthening the
treatment cascade
Evidence and practice
Dr Nathan Ford
Treatment and Care
Department of HIV
Excellent healthcare – locally delivered
Too few take a test
8% - 69%
13% - 76%
37%
Adults
Pregnant women
Staveteig et al, DHS Comparative Reports, 2013
Global Update on HIV treatment, WHO, 2013
Substantial attrition
between testing and ART initiation
15-30% lost
at each step
Mugglin et al, Trop Med Int Health 2012
Still too many people start ART late
1 in 4 start ART at CD4<100
The IeDEA and ART cohort collaborations
Cumulative attrition on ART
30% LTF at 3 years
Global Update on HIV treatment, WHO, 2013
Improving testing and linkage
•
•
•
•
•
Suthar et al, Plos Med 2013 [Accepted]
Global Update on HIV treatment, WHO, 2013
Partner and couples testing
Community testing
Self-testing
Combination testing
DBS for early infant diagnosis
Enrollment in pre-ART care
Adherence clubs
CTX prophylaxis
PoC CD4
Wynberg et al, 2013 (submitted)
Kohler et al, AIDS 2011
•
•
•
•
Earlier initiation
PoC CD4
CTX
Adherence clubs
ART initiation
Paediatric decentralization
in Thailand
TB/HIV integration India
Global Update on HIV treatment, WHO, 2013
Kredo et al, Cochrane Database of systematic
reviews, 2013.
• Task shifting
• Decentralization
• Service integration
PMTCT B+ in Malawi
Adherence support
Fixed-dose combinations
•
•
•
•
Wilkinson, SAJHIV Med 2013; Ford et al, 2013 (submitted); Butler et al, IAS 2013
FDCs
Optimized regimens
Viral load
Adherence support (sms, clubs…)
Summary
• Successful scale up of ART poses continued
challenges to current models of care
• Evidence from research and programmes
indicate ways to improve patient care at each
step of the cascade
• Future research is needed to identify
approaches to enroll people earlier onto ART
and support long-term retention in care
WHO’s ongoing work
to support ART delivery
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Support to regions for guideline rollout
Future of ART monitoring
Phasing out (d4T) and phasing in (viral load)
Early Infant Diagnosis
Paediatric treatment optimization
Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis
Implementation Science summit
Acknowledgements
Gundo Weiler
Vincent Habiyambere
Txema Garcia-Calleja
Michel Beusenberg
Gottfried Hirnschall
Meg Doherty
Cadi Irvine
Marco Vitoria
Boniface Dongmo Nguimfack
Eyerusalem Negussie
Rachel Baggaley
Nathan Shaffer
Eric Goemaere
Mathias Egger
Andrew Boulle
Trevor Peter
Lynne Wilkinson
Hein Marais
Tony Harries