Inspiring Fraternity Men: A Three Tiered Peer Education
Download
Report
Transcript Inspiring Fraternity Men: A Three Tiered Peer Education
Inspiring Fraternity
Men: A Three Tiered
Peer Education
Approach for Sexual
Assault Prevention
Dara Raboy-Picciano, LCSW
Matt Skojec, MSW, MSEd
Binghamton University
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Binghamton’s Program
20:1 Peer Education Program
Founded in 2004
Received Funding in 2005
Why Three Tiers
Forming the Tiers
New Member Ed
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
The First Tier: The
Empathy Based Program
Model Based on John Foubert’s “The Men’s Program”
20:1 developed the first tier to fit BU campus culture
First Tier builds empathy through understanding sexual
assault definition
Police Training Video
Discussion around victim blaming, victim experience,
as well as how to help a victim
Empathy is Built
Lack of Understanding around Consent
Raboy-Picciano/Causseaux/Rosario//20:1 2009
The Second Tier: The
Awareness Based Program
Consent Model: Bret Sokolow, Alan Berkowitz
Discussion of definition of sexual assault
Discussion of definition of consent
Play the Consent Game©
Discussion/Know the Facts hand out
Lisak’s “The Undetected Rapist” DVD and stats
used
Raboy-Picciano/Causseaux/Rosario//20:1 2009
The Consent Game©
Purpose of the Consent Game:
A tool to facilitate discussion with students, faculty,
professional and paraprofessional staff around issues
of consent and sexual assault.
How It Works:
Most People know the Definitions of Sexual Assault
and Consent.
When it comes to the practical Application personal
biases and myths may emerge.
Through the use of this game, with real life scenarios,
trained facilitators can begin to challenge those
biases and myths in a fun non-threatening way.
Dara Raboy-Picciano, Juan Rosario© 2005
The Consent Game©
Types of Scenarios used:
Scenario 1: Consent: Proceeding from
one form of sexual activity to another
Scenario 2: Consent and coercion
Scenario 3: Consent and incapacitation
due to alcohol or drugs
Dara Raboy-Picciano and Juan Rosario© 2005.
The Consent Game©
Role of MCs
Facilitate Discussion
Bring out Talking Points
Challenge Perspectives
Challenge Victim Blaming
Challenge Rape Myths
Challenge Rigid Gender Biases , Beliefs and Gender
Roles
Give the Facts: Hand out “Know the Facts”
Dara Raboy-Picciano and Juan Rosario© 2005.
The Third Tier:
The Bystander Program
Modeled from Banyard’s “Bringing in the Bystander”
Review Sexual Assault/Consent Definitions
Discuss what it means to be a Bystander
Give personal example of own struggle with being a
bystander
Empathy building exercise
Bystander Group Activity
Questions and Discussion
End with the Rape of Mr. Smith
Raboy-Picciano//Rosario/20:1 2009
The Bystander Group Activity
Purpose of Exercise
To allow the exploration of bystander intervention through the use
of realistic scenarios
Explore and challenge different perspectives, biases, related
specifically to sexual assault as well as bystander intervention in
general
Encourage behavior change/intervention through discussion/real
life scenarios
How Activity Works:
Form groups of four or five
Read scenario
Each group will discuss how they would respond if they were in
situation and come up with group answer
Each group shares their response with reason for answer
Raboy-Picciano//Rosario/20:1 2009
The Bystander Group Activity
Role of Facilitators:
Facilitators have list of possible bystander
intervention for discussion
Discuss talking points: what makes intervening
more likely, under what conditions, why, who,
what, where
Facilitators observe group interaction and write
down other responses not given as group
answer; ask group why these interventions
were not offered
Raboy-Picciano//Rosario/20:1 2009
The Bystander Group Activity
Scenarios:
1) You are at a party. You see a guy pushing up on a girl, trying to
dance with her. She looks uncomfortable, trying to get away from
him, but he persist. What do you do?
2) You are at a bar when it closes and while waiting for a cab your
roommate is talking to a woman who is clearly slurring her words
and swaying back and forth. He tells you that he wants the room
for the night for himself and his “new” friend. What do you do?
3) At a concert “after party” an intoxicated female is in a room and
gives head to a guy who proceeds to tell his buddies. One by one
they go into the room and get head. What do you do?
Raboy-Picciano//Rosario/20:1 2009
The Bystander Group Activity
Scenarios:
4) You are working out at the gym and this guy is always there
hitting on women. On this one occasion you notice he is taking a
picture of a girl’s butt with his cell phone while she is working out
on the tread mill. What do you do?
5) You are at a house party and you think a guy might have
slipped something into a girl’s drink he is sitting next to. You ask if
she is his friend and he replies that she will be in a couple of
minutes. What do you do?
6) You are at a house party. You walk into a room looking for the
bathroom and you see two individuals kissing and fondling each
other. They look pretty drunk. What do you do?
Raboy-Picciano//Rosario/20:1 2009
Data Analysis
Over 200 Fraternity Men
Pre/Post Test Questions
Quantitative/Qualitative Analysis
Need for all Three Tiers
Self-Reported Perpetration Rates
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Data Groups
Two groups of fraternity men
Group One; n = 198
Received first tier Empathy-based program
Group Two; n = 36
Received second tier Awareness-based program
Slightly older on average than group one
participants
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Data Group One
Race/Ethnicity
Frequency Percent
African-American
Asian-American
Caucasian/Euro-American
Latino/Hispanic
8
48
119
9
4.0
24.2
60.1
4.5
Middle Eastern-American
Multi-racial American
International
1
1
4
0.6
0.56
2.0
Other
8
4.0
198
100
TOTAL
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Data Group Two
Race/Ethnicity
Frequency
Percent
Euro-American (Caucasian)
29
80.6
Latino-Hispanic American
1
2.8
Middle Eastern American
2
5.6
Multi Racial American
2
5.6
International
1
2.8
Other
1
2.8
TOTAL
36
100.0
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Drinking Behavior of Data
Groups
Data Group One
Drinks/
week
0
Data Group Two
Percent
Frequency
Percent
0
0
27
13.6
Drinks/
week
0
1-3
36
18.2
1-3
0
0
4-6
33
16.7
4-6
2
5.6
7+
102
51.5
7+
34
94.4
Frequency
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
The Three Questions
To what degree are men reporting perceived
perpetration of sexual assault?
Does the program facilitate a change in attitude
regarding sexual assault?
Is the program facilitating, or at least
encouraging, behavioral change?
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Self-Reported Perpetration
Rates-Before Training
Both groups were asked the question, “Do you
believe you have engaged in behaviors that meet
the definition of sexual assault?”
Data Group One had self-report rates in pre-testing
showing 6.6% of men (13) felt they had engaged in
behavior that could be defined as sexual assault.
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Group One
Have not
Have
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Self-Reported Perpetration
Rates-Before Training
Data Group Two had self-report rates in pre-testing
showing 13.9% (5 men) believed they had engaged
in behaviors that met the definition of sexual
assault.
Between the two groups 18 men (7.7%) responded
in the affirmative to the question.
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Group Two
Have not
Have
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Self-Reported Perpetration
Rates-After Training
Data Group One:
Have you engaged in behaviors
that meet definition of sexual
assault?
Pre-Test
Total
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
YES
NO
Post-Test
YES
NO
5.1
1.5
11.1
82.3
16.2
83.8
Total
6.6
93.4
100
Self-Reported Perpetration
Rates-After Training
Data Group Two:
Have you engaged in
behaviors that meet definition
of sexual assault?
Pre-test
YES
NO
NS
Total
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Post-test
Total
YES
13.9
NO
0
NS
0
13.9
16.7
5.6
36.1
52.8
2.8
55.6
5.6
2.8
8.3
75.0
11.1
100
Discussion of the findings
Men were reporting sexual assault in significant numbers, but
there was also a large increase in the understanding of what
constitutes sexual assault and consent
There was a need to separate out the components of building
empathy and increasing awareness, but data indicate both
components are necessary to the program
Provided some introductory normative data on men that sexual
assault is clearly minority behavior, with a majority of fraternity
men wanting to make changes
Education by peers helped them approach the topic in a manner
that made fraternity men more comfortable with topic, its
discussion, and more receptive to education.
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Changing Behavior
Data Group One:
After having completed this training,
do you believe your behaviors will
change?
Will behavior
change?
YES
Pre-test SA
behavior
YES
NO
TOTAL
YES
3.5
0.5
4.0
NO
9.1
46.0
55.1
12.6
46.5
59.1
YES
1.5
1.0
2.5
NO
2.0
36.4
38.4
TOTAL
3.5
37.4
40.9
TOTAL
NO
Pre-test SA
behavior
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Post-test SA behavior
Changing Behavior
Data Group Two:
After having completed this training,
do you believe your behaviors will
change?
Will behavior
change?
YES
Pre-test SA
behavior
YES
NO
NS
TOTAL
YES
8.3
0
0
8.3
NO
2.8
16.6
2.8
22.2
NS
13.9
19.4
2.8
5.6
13.9
19.4
2.8
36.1
YES
5.6
0
0
5.6
NO
13.9
36.1
2.8
52.8
NS
2.8
0
2.8
5.6
TOTAL
22.2
36.1
5.6
68.9
TOTAL
NO
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Pre-test SA
behavior
Post-test SA behavior
Discussion of the Findings
Between the two data groups, 130 men
(55.6%) felt they would alter their behavior
At the same time, 41.5% of the men (97) did
not feel they had committed a sexual assault
either before or after training
Qualitative data indicated these men wanted to
participate in creating cultural change but did
not know what to do
This exemplified the need for the third tier
focusing on bystander behavior
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Discussion of the Findings
In both Data Groups, there was a percentage of men who
answered yes to both the pre-test and post-test question asking
whether their behavior met the definition of sexual assault and
then answered “no” as to whether or not they would change their
behavior after participating in the program.
In data group one, these men accounted for 1.5% (3 men), and in
the second group 5.6% (2 men).
Additionally, there was a slightly larger pool of men who had
responded in the affirmative on the post-test regardless of their
previous opinion who were not willing to change
In Group One, there were 7 of these men (3.5%), while in Group
Two, they accounted for 22.2% (8 men)
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Discussion on the Findings
These men represent a portion of the population for who the
program was not effective, and the numbers are roughly in line with
what other studies have found
They represent a significant concern and highlight the need to both
include a focus on change at the cultural/community level and
educate others about how they can successfully intervene
Combined Groups Willingness to Change
Will change-No SA
Will change-SA
No change-No SA
No change-SA
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Limitations of the Data
Pilot program that went through several
alterations
Assessment tools were changed to meet the
need of the program as it developed
Not all of the data was able to be compared
between the various assessment tools
Did not include assessment of peer behavior
on initial assessment tools
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
Questions/Comments
Raboy-Picciano/Skojec 2009
For more information contact us at
[email protected]